龙门山南段构造变形及应力序列
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摘要
2008年5月12日的汶川大地震表明龙门山断裂带仍然是一个构造活动带,为达到防震减灾的目的,对龙门山进行深入研究显得非常必要。作者通过龙门山南段的怀远和雅安两条实测构造地质剖面,应用传统的构造解析法,结合构造带的分带讨论思想,对野外实测的褶皱、节理和断层等构造变形要素进行综合分析,确定出各构造带的变形和应力序列。中央断裂带构造变形次数达10次以上,其中以NW-SE向逆冲最多,部分为左旋逆冲或右旋逆冲。滑覆体构造变形序列达5次左右。前山断裂带的构造变形序列较少,约5次以上。
The Longmen Mountains thrust belt is located in the western margin of Sichuan Basin in China and the collision belt between the Yangtze plate and Songpan-Ganzi fold belt. The northern end of which connects with the EW-trending Qi-Qin-Kun tectonic belt and the southern end connects with the Kang-Dian NS-trending tectonic belt. The thrust belt is one of the most important earthquake zones of China and where many huge earthquakes occurred in history. 26 destructive earthquakes and more than 20 earthquakes which are over 6 magnitude have taken place since 1169 in all. The M=8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,which occurred on May 12,2008,showed that the Longmen Mountains thrust belt is still an active tectonic zone. An in-depth study on the Longmen Mountains is necessary in order to achieve the purpose of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. The traditional structural analysis,which combined with the thought of the structural belt,is applied in this paper. The sequences of deformation and stress are obtained on the basis of the deformation analysis in the southern segment of the Longmen Mountains. There are more than 10 times of structural deformation in the central fault of the southern segment of the Longmen Mountains. The times of northwestern thrusting is more than others and there are also some left-lateral and right-lateral movements. There are 5 times of structural deformation in the sliding nappes. The times of structural deformation in the front fault of the Longmen Mountains is,less than the central fault,about five.
The Longmen Mountains thrust belt is located in the western margin of Sichuan Basin in China and the collision belt between the Yangtze plate and Songpan-Ganzi fold belt. The northern end of which connects with the EW-trending Qi-Qin-Kun tectonic belt and the southern end connects with the Kang-Dian NS-trending tectonic belt. The thrust belt is one of the most important earthquake zones of China and where many huge earthquakes occurred in history. 26 destructive earthquakes and more than 20 earthquakes which are over 6 magnitude have taken place since 1169 in all. The M=8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,which occurred on May 12,2008,showed that the Longmen Mountains thrust belt is still an active tectonic zone. An in-depth study on the Longmen Mountains is necessary in order to achieve the purpose of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. The traditional structural analysis,which combined with the thought of the structural belt,is applied in this paper. The sequences of deformation and stress are obtained on the basis of the deformation analysis in the southern segment of the Longmen Mountains. There are more than 10 times of structural deformation in the central fault of the southern segment of the Longmen Mountains. The times of northwestern thrusting is more than others and there are also some left-lateral and right-lateral movements. There are 5 times of structural deformation in the sliding nappes. The times of structural deformation in the front fault of the Longmen Mountains is,less than the central fault,about five.
引文
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骆耀南,俞如龙.1998.龙门山-锦屏山陆内造山带.成都:四川科学技术出版社.
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潘杏南,赵济湘,张选阳,郑海翔,杨暹和,周国富,陶大理.1987.康滇构造与裂谷作用.重庆:重庆出版社,120-125.
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陶晓风.1999.龙门山南段推覆构造与前陆盆地演化.成都理工学院学报,26(1):73-77.
吴山,赵兵,苟宗海,邓明森,邓江红,胡新伟.1999.龙门山中南段构造格局及其形成演化.矿物岩石,19(3)82-85.
许志琴,侯立玮,王宗秀,傅小方,黄明华.1992.中国松潘-甘孜造山带的造山过程.北京:地质出版社,73-102.
姚根顺,李大成,卢文忠,徐政语.2006.四川叠合盆地盆山耦合特征分析.大地构造与成矿学,30(4):435-444.
张沛,周祖翼,许长海,张青林.2008.川西龙门山彭灌岩地球化学特征:岩石成因与构造意义.大地构造与矿学,32(1):1058-116.
赵兵,苟宗海,吴山.1999.四川龙门山中段早埃姆斯期生态地层及古环境新认识.岩相古地理,19(6):29-36.
郑亚东.1999.共轭伸展褶劈理夹角的定量解析.地学前缘,6(4):391-395.
朱志澄.1989.逆冲推覆构造.北京:中国地质大学出版社,80-82.
Burchfiel B C,Chen Z,Liu Y and Royden L H.1995.Tecton-ics of the Longmen Shan and adjacent regions.Internation-al Geology Review,37:661-735.
Chen S F and Wilson C J L.1996.Emplacement of the Long-men Shan thrust-nappe belt along the eastern margin of theTibetan Plateau.Journal ofStructural Geology,18(4):413-430.
Harrowfield M J and Wilson C J L.2005.Indosinian deforma-tion of the Songpan Ganze Fold Belt,northeast TibetanPlateau.Journal ofStructural Geology,27:101-117.
陈智梁,陈世瑜.1987.扬子地块西缘地质构造演化.重庆:重庆出版社,153-166.
侯建勇,林茂炳.1993.龙门山南段金台山飞来峰的结构样式.成都地质学院学报,20(3):52-58.
胡新伟,吴山,邓江红.2000.龙门山中南段泰安寺-干沟-苍坪断裂构造特征及其地质意义.成都理工学院学报,27(1):45-49.
李远图.1989.龙门山南西段飞来峰构造的基本特征.中国区域地质,3:247-249.
林茂炳.1992.对龙门山南段宝兴-芦山地区构造格局的探讨.成都地质学院学报,19(3):33-40.
林茂炳.1993.简论龙门山南段末端地区构造发展史.成都地质学院学报,20(3):46-51.
林茂炳,苟宗海,王国芝.1996.四川龙门山造山带造山模式研究.成都:成都科技大学出版社.
刘树根.1993.龙门山冲断带与川西前陆盆地的形成演化成都:成都科技大学出版社.
刘顺,刘树根,宋春彦,李智武,邓宾,郭宾,田小彬,郝晓琳.2008.龙门山中央断裂运动学研究.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):463-469.
刘肇昌,李凡友,钟康惠,李伟,文绍先.1996.扬子地台西缘构造演化与成矿.成都:电子科技大学出版社,120-170.
骆耀南,俞如龙.1998.龙门山-锦屏山陆内造山带.成都:四川科学技术出版社.
罗志立,赵锡奎,刘树根,宋鸿彪.1994.龙门山造山带的崛起和四川盆地的形成与演化.成都:成都科技大学出版社,131-369.
潘杏南,赵济湘,张选阳,郑海翔,杨暹和,周国富,陶大理.1987.康滇构造与裂谷作用.重庆:重庆出版社,120-125.
沈传波,梅廉夫,徐振平,汤济广.2007.四川盆地复合盆山体系的结构构造和演化.大地构造与成矿学,31(3):288-299.
陶晓风.1999.龙门山南段推覆构造与前陆盆地演化.成都理工学院学报,26(1):73-77.
吴山,赵兵,苟宗海,邓明森,邓江红,胡新伟.1999.龙门山中南段构造格局及其形成演化.矿物岩石,19(3)82-85.
许志琴,侯立玮,王宗秀,傅小方,黄明华.1992.中国松潘-甘孜造山带的造山过程.北京:地质出版社,73-102.
姚根顺,李大成,卢文忠,徐政语.2006.四川叠合盆地盆山耦合特征分析.大地构造与成矿学,30(4):435-444.
张沛,周祖翼,许长海,张青林.2008.川西龙门山彭灌岩地球化学特征:岩石成因与构造意义.大地构造与矿学,32(1):1058-116.
赵兵,苟宗海,吴山.1999.四川龙门山中段早埃姆斯期生态地层及古环境新认识.岩相古地理,19(6):29-36.
郑亚东.1999.共轭伸展褶劈理夹角的定量解析.地学前缘,6(4):391-395.
朱志澄.1989.逆冲推覆构造.北京:中国地质大学出版社,80-82.
Burchfiel B C,Chen Z,Liu Y and Royden L H.1995.Tecton-ics of the Longmen Shan and adjacent regions.Internation-al Geology Review,37:661-735.
Chen S F and Wilson C J L.1996.Emplacement of the Long-men Shan thrust-nappe belt along the eastern margin of theTibetan Plateau.Journal ofStructural Geology,18(4):413-430.
Harrowfield M J and Wilson C J L.2005.Indosinian deforma-tion of the Songpan Ganze Fold Belt,northeast TibetanPlateau.Journal ofStructural Geology,27:101-117.
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