复杂构造三维地震观测系统设计的共聚焦分辨率分析
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摘要
三维地震观测系统共聚焦分辨率特性分析突破传统以点论证为基础的观测系统分辨率分析方法,面向地质目标定量预测三维观测系统地震成像的空间分辨率和振幅精度.基于Fourier有限差分(FFD)大步长波场延拓和Born-Kirchhoff小步长波场插值递推方法,本文介绍了一种复杂介质条件下三维地震观测系统共聚焦分辨率特性快速分析方法.对给定的速度模型,该方法能够分析拟采用的三维地震观测系统设计方案对复杂构造的成像分辨率与AVP属性,从而为进一步的偏移成像与储层分析提供保证.最后本文以SEG/EAGE三维盐丘模型为例设计满覆盖为16次的三维地震观测系统,并实施三维共聚焦分辨率特性分析.
About dealing with the complex subsurface structures,the conventional survey design methods which do not take into account the subsurface are no longer valid.Based on the FFD large-step wavefield extrapolation and Born Kirchhoff small-step wavefield interpolation,the paper presents a rapid resolution analysis of 3D seismic survey design by focal beams in complicated media.The method can be used in judging and adjusting the acquisition geometries by imaging resolution and AVP attributes.And then it can provide guarantee on seismic migration imaging and reservoir bed analysis.In the last section of this paper,the SEG/EAEG salt model is used to illustrate the method.
About dealing with the complex subsurface structures,the conventional survey design methods which do not take into account the subsurface are no longer valid.Based on the FFD large-step wavefield extrapolation and Born Kirchhoff small-step wavefield interpolation,the paper presents a rapid resolution analysis of 3D seismic survey design by focal beams in complicated media.The method can be used in judging and adjusting the acquisition geometries by imaging resolution and AVP attributes.And then it can provide guarantee on seismic migration imaging and reservoir bed analysis.In the last section of this paper,the SEG/EAEG salt model is used to illustrate the method.
引文
[ 1 ] Berkhout A J, OngKiehong L, Volker A W F, Blacquiere G.Comprehensive assessment of seismic acquisition geometries by focal beams-Part Ⅰ: Theoretical considerations. Geophysics, 2001,66:911～917
[ 2 ] Volker A W F, Blacquiere G, Berkhout A J, OngKiehong L.Comprehensive assessment of seismic acquisition geometries by focal beams-Part Ⅱ: Practical aspects and examples.Geophysics, 2001,66:918 ～ 931
[3] 狄帮让,王长春,顾培成等.三维观测系统优化设计的双聚焦方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5) :463～469Di B R, Wang C C, Gu P C, et al. Double focusing method for 3-D geometry-optimized design. Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese) ,2003,38(5) :463～469
[4] 狄帮让.曹卫平,顾培成.不同介质模型的双聚焦方法.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2) :123～128
Di B R, Cao W P, Gu P C. Double-focus algorithm of models in different medium. Oil Geophysical Prospectiong ( in Chinese), 2006 ,41(2) : 123 ～ 128
[ 5 ] Ristow D, Ruhl T. Fourier finite-difference migration. Geophysics, 1994 ,59( 12) , 1882 ～1893
[6] Zhang J H, Wang W M, Fu L Y, Yao Z X. 3D Fourier finite-difference migration by ADI plus interpolation.Geophysical Prospecting , 2007,56:95 ～ 103
[7] 张金海,王卫民,赵连锋等.傅里叶有限差分法三维波动方程正演模拟.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1854～1862Zhang J H, Wang W M, Zhao 1． F, et al. Modeling 3-D scalar waves using the Fourier finite-difference method.Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) , 2007,50(6) : 1854～1862
[ 8 ] Daniela Amazonas D, Costa J C, Schleicher J, et al. Wide-angle FD and FFD migration using complex Pade approximations. Geophysics, 2007,72(6) :215 ～ 220
[ 9 ] Fu L Y, Wavefield interpolation in the Fourier wavefield extrapolation. Geophysics, 2004 ,69( 1) :257 ～264
[10] Berkhout A J. Applied Seismic Wave Theory, Advances in Exploration Geophysics. Elesevier Sciences Publishers, 1987
[11] Stoffa P L, Fokkema J T, Freire K M D, et al. Split-step Fourier migration. Geophysics, 1990 ,55(4) :410 ～421
[12] Fu L Y, Mu Y G, Yang H J. Forward problem of nonlinear Fredholm integral equation in reference medium via velocity-weighted wavefield function. Geophysics, 1997 ,62( 2) : 650 ～656
[ 2 ] Volker A W F, Blacquiere G, Berkhout A J, OngKiehong L.Comprehensive assessment of seismic acquisition geometries by focal beams-Part Ⅱ: Practical aspects and examples.Geophysics, 2001,66:918 ～ 931
[3] 狄帮让,王长春,顾培成等.三维观测系统优化设计的双聚焦方法.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5) :463～469Di B R, Wang C C, Gu P C, et al. Double focusing method for 3-D geometry-optimized design. Oil Geophysical Prospecting (in Chinese) ,2003,38(5) :463～469
[4] 狄帮让.曹卫平,顾培成.不同介质模型的双聚焦方法.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2) :123～128
Di B R, Cao W P, Gu P C. Double-focus algorithm of models in different medium. Oil Geophysical Prospectiong ( in Chinese), 2006 ,41(2) : 123 ～ 128
[ 5 ] Ristow D, Ruhl T. Fourier finite-difference migration. Geophysics, 1994 ,59( 12) , 1882 ～1893
[6] Zhang J H, Wang W M, Fu L Y, Yao Z X. 3D Fourier finite-difference migration by ADI plus interpolation.Geophysical Prospecting , 2007,56:95 ～ 103
[7] 张金海,王卫民,赵连锋等.傅里叶有限差分法三维波动方程正演模拟.地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1854～1862Zhang J H, Wang W M, Zhao 1． F, et al. Modeling 3-D scalar waves using the Fourier finite-difference method.Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) , 2007,50(6) : 1854～1862
[ 8 ] Daniela Amazonas D, Costa J C, Schleicher J, et al. Wide-angle FD and FFD migration using complex Pade approximations. Geophysics, 2007,72(6) :215 ～ 220
[ 9 ] Fu L Y, Wavefield interpolation in the Fourier wavefield extrapolation. Geophysics, 2004 ,69( 1) :257 ～264
[10] Berkhout A J. Applied Seismic Wave Theory, Advances in Exploration Geophysics. Elesevier Sciences Publishers, 1987
[11] Stoffa P L, Fokkema J T, Freire K M D, et al. Split-step Fourier migration. Geophysics, 1990 ,55(4) :410 ～421
[12] Fu L Y, Mu Y G, Yang H J. Forward problem of nonlinear Fredholm integral equation in reference medium via velocity-weighted wavefield function. Geophysics, 1997 ,62( 2) : 650 ～656
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