中国东部中生代软流圈上涌与构造-岩浆-矿集区
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摘要
在深入研究华南地震层析成像的基础上,按照大地构造环境和软流圈上涌形状和热度,将中国东部(大陆)中生代上地幔中岩石圈-软流圈构造划分为3类:(1)陆台区(华北块和扬子块),软流圈沿古裂陷上涌,其柱头上方形成幔壳混熔花岗质岩及相应Au、Cu、Mo、Pb-Zn等矿集区,并于软流圈与岩石圈厚区之陡接触带形成中基性杂岩及相应Fe矿集区;(2)褶皱带中心区(南岭及其延伸带),软流圈在适当深度、热量充足、较大范围内"平卧",因热传导而致使地壳内物质部分重熔,形成壳源型花岗质岩及相应的W、Sn、稀有元素矿集区;(3)褶皱带边缘区(大兴安岭南部及华南南缘),在软流圈上涌柱上方形成幔源或幔壳混熔的花岗质岩,相应为Cu、Au、Pb-Zn、Mo、Ag矿集区。总之,软流圈上涌是中生代构造、岩浆、矿集区形成之根源。
Based on the detailed study of seismic tomography image in South China,and according to the geotectonic environment and shape and heat of asthenosphere upwelling,we divided the structure of lithosphere-asthenosphere at the Mesozoic upper mantle of Eastern China into three types.(1)Continental platform area(North China platform and Yangtze platform):asthenosphere upwelled along paleo-rift;over the plume head,the granitic rocks of crust and mantle mixed and correspondingly,Au,Cu,Mo,Pb-Zn,etc.mineralization-concentrated regions were formed;and at the steep contact belt of asthenosphere and the thick area of lithosphere,mediate-basic complex was formed.(2)Central area of fold zone(Nanling and its extension zone):asthenosphere was "recumbent" at suitable depth,with adequate heat and in a great extent;by heat conduction,the interior of partial crust remelted,and the crust-source granitic rocks,and correspondingly,W,Sn and rare elements mineralization-concentrated regions were formed.(3)Marginal area of fold zone(Southern Daxinganling and southern margin of South China):the mantle-source or crust-mantle mixed granitic rocks,and correspondingly,Cu,Au,Pb-Zn,Mo,Ag mineralization-concentrated regions were formed.In conclusion,asthenosphere upwelling is the origin of the formation of Mesozoic structures,magma,and mineralization-concentrated regions.
Based on the detailed study of seismic tomography image in South China,and according to the geotectonic environment and shape and heat of asthenosphere upwelling,we divided the structure of lithosphere-asthenosphere at the Mesozoic upper mantle of Eastern China into three types.(1)Continental platform area(North China platform and Yangtze platform):asthenosphere upwelled along paleo-rift;over the plume head,the granitic rocks of crust and mantle mixed and correspondingly,Au,Cu,Mo,Pb-Zn,etc.mineralization-concentrated regions were formed;and at the steep contact belt of asthenosphere and the thick area of lithosphere,mediate-basic complex was formed.(2)Central area of fold zone(Nanling and its extension zone):asthenosphere was "recumbent" at suitable depth,with adequate heat and in a great extent;by heat conduction,the interior of partial crust remelted,and the crust-source granitic rocks,and correspondingly,W,Sn and rare elements mineralization-concentrated regions were formed.(3)Marginal area of fold zone(Southern Daxinganling and southern margin of South China):the mantle-source or crust-mantle mixed granitic rocks,and correspondingly,Cu,Au,Pb-Zn,Mo,Ag mineralization-concentrated regions were formed.In conclusion,asthenosphere upwelling is the origin of the formation of Mesozoic structures,magma,and mineralization-concentrated regions.
引文
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[2]Zhai Y S,Zhang H,Song H L,et al.Large Structure and Superlarge Deposit[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997(in Chinese).
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[4]Chen Y C.Perspective Evaluation of Main Mineralization Zones of China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999(in Chinese).
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[8]Yang W R.Some problems of opening-closing tectonics[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2004,23(3):195-199(in Chi-nese).
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[18]Liu J H,Liu F T,Wu H,et al.Three dimensional velocity images of the crust and upper mantle beneath North-South zone in China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1989,32(2):143-153(in Chinese).
[19]Liu J H,Liu F T,Yan X W,et al.Astudy of Lg coda atten-uation beneath North China:Seismic imaging Lg coda Q0[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(6):1044-1052(in Chinese).
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[21]Yuan X C.Atlas of Geophysics of China[M].Beijing:Geo-logical Publishing House,1996(in Chinese).
[22]Xing J S,Liu J H,Zhao J Q.Deep seated tectonics in the north intraplate[J].Earthquake Research in Shanxi,2002,111(4):3-12(in Chinese).
[23]Xing Z Y,Xing J S,Zhao B,et al.Identification of deep structure of two episodes in North China and its signifi-cance—Yanshanian movement and deep process[J].Geolog-ical Review,2006,52(4):433-441(in Chinese).
[24]Xing Z Y,Xing J S,Zhao B.Deep-seated structure of NorthChina[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2006,26(6):17-23(in Chinese).
[25]Xing Z Y,Zhao B,Tu M Y,et al.The coupling of Fenwei Rift Valley System and orogen and its formation[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(2):247-262(in Chinese).
[26]Xing J S,Yang WR,Xing Z Y,et al.Deep-seated structure characteristics of Eastern China and its relation with metal mineralization-concentrated region[J].Earth Science Fron-tiers,2007,14(3):114-130(in Chinese).
[27]Deng J F,Teng J W,Peng C,et al.Features and Deep Geol-ogy of Geophysical Field and Mineralization in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2008(in Chinese).
[28]China Seismological Bureau.Explanation of GGTfrom Dong-wuzhumuqinqi of Inner Mongolia to Donggou of Liaoning Province[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1992:59(in Chi-nese).
[1]马杏垣.中国岩石圈动力学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社,1987:76.
[2]翟裕生,张湖,宋鸿林,等.大型构造与超大型矿床[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[3]翟裕生,邓军,李小波.区域成矿学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[4]陈毓川.中国主要成矿区带矿产资源远景评价[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[5]任纪舜.中国及邻区大地构造图[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.
[6]邓晋福,莫宣学,赵海玲,等.中国东部燕山期岩石圈-软流圈系统大灾变与成矿环境[J].矿床地质,1999,18(4):309-314.
[7]路凤香,郑建平,侯青叶,等.中国东部壳-幔、岩石圈-软流圈之间的相互作用带:特征及转换时限[J].中国地质,2006,33(4):773-781.
[8]杨巍然.开合构造研究中的几个问题[J].地质通报,2004,23(3):195-199.
[9]肖庆辉,邱瑞照,邓晋福,等.中国花岗岩与大陆地壳生长方式初步研究[J].中国地质,2005,32(3):343-352.
[10]华仁民,陈培荣,张文兰,等.论华南地区中生代3次大规模成矿作用[J].矿床地质,2005,24(2):99-107.
[11]毛景文,谢桂青,张作衡,等.中国北方中生代大规模成矿作用的期次及其地球动力学背景[J].岩石学报,2005,21(1):169-188.
[12]裴荣富,翟裕生,张本仁,等.深部构造作用与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[13]汪集旸.中国大陆地区大地热流值数据汇编[J].地震地质,1990,12(4):351.
[14]刘国栋.华北平原新生代裂谷系及其深部过程[M]∥现代地壳运动研究(1).北京:地震出版社,1985:17-25.
[15]邵济安,刘福田,陈珲.大兴安岭—燕山晚中生代岩浆活动与俯冲作用的关系[J].地质学报,2001,75(1):56-63.
[16]刘福田,曲克信,吴华,等.华北地区的地震层面成像[J].地球物理学报,1986,29:442-449.
[17]刘建华,吴华,刘福田.华南及其海域三维速度分布特征与岩石层结构[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(4):483-492.
[18]刘建华,刘福田,吴华,等.中国南北带地壳和上地幔的三维速度图像[J].地球物理学报,1989,32(2):143-153.
[19]刘建华,刘福田,阎晓蔚,等.华北地区Lg尾波衰减研究-Lg尾波Q0地震成像[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):1044-1052.
[20]赵永贵,钟大赉,刘建华,等.地震层析地质解释原理及其在滇西深部构造研究中的应用[J].地质科学,1992(2):105-113.
[21]袁学诚.中国地球物理图集[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.
[22]邢集善,刘建华,赵晋泉.华北板内深部构造[J].山西地震,2002,111(4):3-12.
[23]邢作云,邢集善,赵斌,等.华北地区两个世代深部构造的识别及其意义——燕山运动与深部过程[J].地质论评,2006,52(4):433-441.
[24]邢作云,邢集善,赵斌.华北地区深部构造特征[J].地质科技情报,2006,26(6):17-23.
[25]邢作云,赵斌,涂美义,等.汾渭裂谷系与造山带耦合关系及其形成机制研究[J].地学前缘,2005,12(2):247-262.
[26]邢集善,杨巍然,邢作云,等.中国东部深部构造特征及其与矿集区关系[J].地学前缘,2007,14(3):114-130.
[27]邓晋福,滕吉文,彭聪,等.中国地球物理场特征及深部地质与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,2008.
[28]国家地震局.内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗至辽宁东沟地学断面说明书[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:59.
[2]Zhai Y S,Zhang H,Song H L,et al.Large Structure and Superlarge Deposit[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997(in Chinese).
[3]Zhai Y S,Deng J,Li X B.Essentials of Metallogeny[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999(in Chinese).
[4]Chen Y C.Perspective Evaluation of Main Mineralization Zones of China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999(in Chinese).
[5]Ren J S.The Tectonic Map of China and Neighbour Area[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2000(in Chi-nese).
[6]Deng J F,Mo X X,Zhao HL,et al.The Yanshanianlitho-sphere-asthenosphere catastrophe and metallogenic environ-ment in East China[J].Mineral Deposits,1999,18(4):309-314(in Chinese).
[7]Lu F X,Zheng J P,Hou Q Y,et al.Zones of crust-mantle and lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction in Eastern China:Characteristics and timing of transformation[J].Geology in China,2006,33(4):773-781(in Chinese).
[8]Yang W R.Some problems of opening-closing tectonics[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2004,23(3):195-199(in Chi-nese).
[9]Xiao Q H,Qiu R Z,Deng J F,et al.Granitoids and conti-nental crustal growth modes in China[J].Geology in China,2005,32(3):343-352(in Chinese).
[10]Hua R M,Chen P R,Zhang WL,et al.Three major metal-logenic eventsin Mesozoicin South China[J].Mineral Depos-its,2005,24(2):99-107(in Chinese).
[11]Mao J W,Xie G Q,Zhang Z H,et al.Mesozoic large-scale metallogenic pulses in North China and corresponding geody-namic settings[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2005,21(1):169-188(in Chinese).
[12]Pei R F,Zhai YS,Zhang B R,et al.Deep-Seated Tectonism and Mineralization[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1999(in Chinese).
[13]Wang J Y.Compilation of the Chinese continental geothermal value data[J].Seismology and Geology,1990,12(4):351(in Chinese).
[14]Liu G D.Cenozoic rift system of North China plain and the deepinternal processes[M]∥Research on Crustal Movement(1).Beijing:Seismological Press,1985:17-25(in Chinese).
[15]Shao J A,Liu F T,Chen H.Relationship between Mesozoic magmatismand subduction in Da Hinggan-Yanshan Area[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2001,75(1):56-63(in Chinese).
[16]Liu F T,Qu K X,Wu H,et al.STimage of North China[J].Journal of Geophysics,1986,29:442-449(in Chinese).
[17]Liu J H,Wu H,Liu F T.Features of3-D velocity distribu-tion and lithosphere structure in South China andits contigu-ous sea area[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1996,39(4):483-492(in Chinese).
[18]Liu J H,Liu F T,Wu H,et al.Three dimensional velocity images of the crust and upper mantle beneath North-South zone in China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1989,32(2):143-153(in Chinese).
[19]Liu J H,Liu F T,Yan X W,et al.Astudy of Lg coda atten-uation beneath North China:Seismic imaging Lg coda Q0[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2004,47(6):1044-1052(in Chinese).
[20]Zhao Y G,Zhong D L,Liu J H,et al.Fundamentals of geo-logical interpretation for seismic tomography and its applica-tion to studying of West Yunnan s deep structure[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,1992(2):105-113(in Chinese).
[21]Yuan X C.Atlas of Geophysics of China[M].Beijing:Geo-logical Publishing House,1996(in Chinese).
[22]Xing J S,Liu J H,Zhao J Q.Deep seated tectonics in the north intraplate[J].Earthquake Research in Shanxi,2002,111(4):3-12(in Chinese).
[23]Xing Z Y,Xing J S,Zhao B,et al.Identification of deep structure of two episodes in North China and its signifi-cance—Yanshanian movement and deep process[J].Geolog-ical Review,2006,52(4):433-441(in Chinese).
[24]Xing Z Y,Xing J S,Zhao B.Deep-seated structure of NorthChina[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2006,26(6):17-23(in Chinese).
[25]Xing Z Y,Zhao B,Tu M Y,et al.The coupling of Fenwei Rift Valley System and orogen and its formation[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(2):247-262(in Chinese).
[26]Xing J S,Yang WR,Xing Z Y,et al.Deep-seated structure characteristics of Eastern China and its relation with metal mineralization-concentrated region[J].Earth Science Fron-tiers,2007,14(3):114-130(in Chinese).
[27]Deng J F,Teng J W,Peng C,et al.Features and Deep Geol-ogy of Geophysical Field and Mineralization in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2008(in Chinese).
[28]China Seismological Bureau.Explanation of GGTfrom Dong-wuzhumuqinqi of Inner Mongolia to Donggou of Liaoning Province[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1992:59(in Chi-nese).
[1]马杏垣.中国岩石圈动力学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社,1987:76.
[2]翟裕生,张湖,宋鸿林,等.大型构造与超大型矿床[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[3]翟裕生,邓军,李小波.区域成矿学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[4]陈毓川.中国主要成矿区带矿产资源远景评价[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[5]任纪舜.中国及邻区大地构造图[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.
[6]邓晋福,莫宣学,赵海玲,等.中国东部燕山期岩石圈-软流圈系统大灾变与成矿环境[J].矿床地质,1999,18(4):309-314.
[7]路凤香,郑建平,侯青叶,等.中国东部壳-幔、岩石圈-软流圈之间的相互作用带:特征及转换时限[J].中国地质,2006,33(4):773-781.
[8]杨巍然.开合构造研究中的几个问题[J].地质通报,2004,23(3):195-199.
[9]肖庆辉,邱瑞照,邓晋福,等.中国花岗岩与大陆地壳生长方式初步研究[J].中国地质,2005,32(3):343-352.
[10]华仁民,陈培荣,张文兰,等.论华南地区中生代3次大规模成矿作用[J].矿床地质,2005,24(2):99-107.
[11]毛景文,谢桂青,张作衡,等.中国北方中生代大规模成矿作用的期次及其地球动力学背景[J].岩石学报,2005,21(1):169-188.
[12]裴荣富,翟裕生,张本仁,等.深部构造作用与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[13]汪集旸.中国大陆地区大地热流值数据汇编[J].地震地质,1990,12(4):351.
[14]刘国栋.华北平原新生代裂谷系及其深部过程[M]∥现代地壳运动研究(1).北京:地震出版社,1985:17-25.
[15]邵济安,刘福田,陈珲.大兴安岭—燕山晚中生代岩浆活动与俯冲作用的关系[J].地质学报,2001,75(1):56-63.
[16]刘福田,曲克信,吴华,等.华北地区的地震层面成像[J].地球物理学报,1986,29:442-449.
[17]刘建华,吴华,刘福田.华南及其海域三维速度分布特征与岩石层结构[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(4):483-492.
[18]刘建华,刘福田,吴华,等.中国南北带地壳和上地幔的三维速度图像[J].地球物理学报,1989,32(2):143-153.
[19]刘建华,刘福田,阎晓蔚,等.华北地区Lg尾波衰减研究-Lg尾波Q0地震成像[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(6):1044-1052.
[20]赵永贵,钟大赉,刘建华,等.地震层析地质解释原理及其在滇西深部构造研究中的应用[J].地质科学,1992(2):105-113.
[21]袁学诚.中国地球物理图集[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.
[22]邢集善,刘建华,赵晋泉.华北板内深部构造[J].山西地震,2002,111(4):3-12.
[23]邢作云,邢集善,赵斌,等.华北地区两个世代深部构造的识别及其意义——燕山运动与深部过程[J].地质论评,2006,52(4):433-441.
[24]邢作云,邢集善,赵斌.华北地区深部构造特征[J].地质科技情报,2006,26(6):17-23.
[25]邢作云,赵斌,涂美义,等.汾渭裂谷系与造山带耦合关系及其形成机制研究[J].地学前缘,2005,12(2):247-262.
[26]邢集善,杨巍然,邢作云,等.中国东部深部构造特征及其与矿集区关系[J].地学前缘,2007,14(3):114-130.
[27]邓晋福,滕吉文,彭聪,等.中国地球物理场特征及深部地质与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,2008.
[28]国家地震局.内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗至辽宁东沟地学断面说明书[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:59.
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