广角反射子波的估算及应用
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摘要
在实际地震反射记录上,可以记录到临界角以外的反射波,这种波被称之为广角反射波或超临界角反射波。从实际地震资料出发对广角反射波的特性进行了分析:①广角反射波具有强振幅、白噪声;②广角反射波的振幅谱相对稳定;③广角反射波与临界角内反射波相比更接近于最小相位。根据上述广角反射波的特点,在地震资料处理中,利用广角反射记录估算子波,并应用于反褶积处理,改善了成果资料的品质。实际应用表明,在大炮检距观测资料的低信噪比处理时,采用这种方法可以得到更好的处理效果。
The reflected waves beyond the critical angle are often observed in the record of real seismic reflection, which is called wide-angle reflection or critical angle-exceeded reflection. There are three features by the analysis of real seismic data:① Wide-angle reflection has high amplitude and white noise; ② the amplitude spectrum of the wide-angle reflection is stable relatively; ③wide-angle reflection is closer to the minimum phase spectrum. According to the characteristics above, favorable results demonstrate the a-bility of wide-angle reflection record in wavelet estimation and deconvolution processing. The practice proves that better results are obtained when this method is applied to process the low SNR data for the current large offsets in field seismic survey.
The reflected waves beyond the critical angle are often observed in the record of real seismic reflection, which is called wide-angle reflection or critical angle-exceeded reflection. There are three features by the analysis of real seismic data:① Wide-angle reflection has high amplitude and white noise; ② the amplitude spectrum of the wide-angle reflection is stable relatively; ③wide-angle reflection is closer to the minimum phase spectrum. According to the characteristics above, favorable results demonstrate the a-bility of wide-angle reflection record in wavelet estimation and deconvolution processing. The practice proves that better results are obtained when this method is applied to process the low SNR data for the current large offsets in field seismic survey.
引文
1王小六,李振春,曹文俊.广角地震采集综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(5):321~325
2 Fokkema J T,Ziolkowski A.临界反射定理[A].高林译.见:中国石油天然气总公司地球物理勘探局,地质矿产部石油物探研究所编.65届SEG年会论文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.256~260
3王志,贺振华,黄德济,等.广角反射波场特征研究及正演模拟分析[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):116~121
4贾丽华,吴长江,刘小娟,等.地震资料高分辨处理技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(4):484~488
5胡中平,管路平,顾连兴,等.高速屏蔽层下广角地震波场分析及成像方法[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):88~94
2 Fokkema J T,Ziolkowski A.临界反射定理[A].高林译.见:中国石油天然气总公司地球物理勘探局,地质矿产部石油物探研究所编.65届SEG年会论文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.256~260
3王志,贺振华,黄德济,等.广角反射波场特征研究及正演模拟分析[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(1):116~121
4贾丽华,吴长江,刘小娟,等.地震资料高分辨处理技术[J].石油物探,2002,41(4):484~488
5胡中平,管路平,顾连兴,等.高速屏蔽层下广角地震波场分析及成像方法[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(1):88~94
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