海洋地震勘探直达波综合效应分析
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摘要
海洋高分辨率地震调查主要受震源系统、接收系统、缆源的调谐组合技术、地震记录系统和野外作业条件的影响。缆源的调谐组合技术是整个方法研究最为关键的环节之一。通过对“电缆、震源的沉放深度”等野外参数的合理组合,达到最理想的勘探效果。受地震勘探中“鬼波效应”的影响,缆源的调谐组合参数与地震系统的接收频率直接相关,对地震调查资料影响很大。文中从地震系统的滤波效应、直达波与鬼波传播路径及时间差及野外资料的处理对比和理论计算,分析了直达波和鬼波的综合效应,结果表明理论与实际资料在陷波点及幅频特性方面非常一致。研究结果在“海洋天然气水合物调查”项目中得到了应用,对缆源沉放深度的确定具有一定的指导意义。
The high resolution marine seismic survey is seriously affected by the energy source,receiver system,the combination of streamer and sources,the recording system and the field conditions.Among them the suitable combination of streamer and sources is one of the key factors.By reasonable combination the optimum survey result can be obtained.Due to the effect of ghost refection,the position of streamer and sources is closely related to the receiver frequency of the seismic systems and puts great effect on the survey data.From the point of filtering,the path and traveling time difference between direct arrival and ghost reflection and comparison of the field data with theoretical result,the paper presents the synthetic effect of direct arrival and ghost reflection.It is presented that the frequency notch and spectrum for both theoretical and field data are the same.
The high resolution marine seismic survey is seriously affected by the energy source,receiver system,the combination of streamer and sources,the recording system and the field conditions.Among them the suitable combination of streamer and sources is one of the key factors.By reasonable combination the optimum survey result can be obtained.Due to the effect of ghost refection,the position of streamer and sources is closely related to the receiver frequency of the seismic systems and puts great effect on the survey data.From the point of filtering,the path and traveling time difference between direct arrival and ghost reflection and comparison of the field data with theoretical result,the paper presents the synthetic effect of direct arrival and ghost reflection.It is presented that the frequency notch and spectrum for both theoretical and field data are the same.
引文
[1]牛滨华,孙春岩,编著.半空间介质与地震波传播[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[2]王维佳.海底多分量中的直达波、鬼波及水柱混响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,36(1):72-77.
[3]张光学,黄永样,陈邦彦主编.海域天然气水合物地震学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[4]张明,伍忠良.天然气水合物BSR的识别与地震勘探频率[J].海洋学报,2004,26(4):80-88.
[2]王维佳.海底多分量中的直达波、鬼波及水柱混响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,36(1):72-77.
[3]张光学,黄永样,陈邦彦主编.海域天然气水合物地震学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[4]张明,伍忠良.天然气水合物BSR的识别与地震勘探频率[J].海洋学报,2004,26(4):80-88.
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