横向各向同性介质中地震波速度分析及其意义
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摘要
在地震学研究的有关领域中，地下介质的薄互层特性与裂隙的定向分布在长彼长假设下会产生等效的地展各向异性特性．地震波速度随传播方向和深度发生的变化引起了广大地球物理工作者的广泛兴趣，因为速度拾取的正确与否，会直接影响到油气勘探中动校、偏移、AVO和时深转换的结果．本文着重讨论了传统速度分析的局限性，分析了薄互层引起的横向各向同性介质中速度分析的现状和结果，实例讨论了各向异性效应对偏格处理的影响，表明各向异性效应的考虑，对于地下岩层的精确定位、横向分辨能力的提高等方面均是非常有益的．
Tn the field of seismic research, the finc layers character of underground media and the directional dislribution of fractures would causc seismic anisotropy under the assump tJon of long wavc theory. Geophysical scientists have had a lot of intcrcst in seismic velocity variation with the alternation of propagation dircction and depth. The accuracy of velocity picking wil1 affect directly the results of NMO' migration, AVO and transformation of profile from timc domain to depth domain. The paper concentrates on the limitation of average velocity analysis and analyze the velocity analysis in TT media caused by the fine layers. It discusses the innuence or anisotropy to thc migration procession by real facts. It is beneficial to the accurate location and the improvemcnt of transverse resolution of underground media while allowing for anisotropy.
Tn the field of seismic research, the finc layers character of underground media and the directional dislribution of fractures would causc seismic anisotropy under the assump tJon of long wavc theory. Geophysical scientists have had a lot of intcrcst in seismic velocity variation with the alternation of propagation dircction and depth. The accuracy of velocity picking wil1 affect directly the results of NMO' migration, AVO and transformation of profile from timc domain to depth domain. The paper concentrates on the limitation of average velocity analysis and analyze the velocity analysis in TT media caused by the fine layers. It discusses the innuence or anisotropy to thc migration procession by real facts. It is beneficial to the accurate location and the improvemcnt of transverse resolution of underground media while allowing for anisotropy.
引文
(1)张中杰,何焦登,N个薄层介质组和引起的视各向异性,长春地质学院学报,2,1990.
(2)滕吉文,张中杰等,弹性介质各向异性研究沿革,现状与问题,《地球物理进展》.7(4),1986.
(3)Thomsen, Weak elastic anisotropy, Geophysics, Vol.51,1954-1966, 1986
(4) Llya and Thomsen, Nonhypcrbolic rcflection moveout in anisotropice mdia, Geophysics,Vol.59, 1290-1304, 1994.
(5) Llya, Normal moveout from dipping reflectors in anisotropic media, Geophysics, Vol.60,268~284, 1995.
(6) White, Measured anisotropy in Pierre Shalc, Geophys Prosp, Vol.31, 709-725,1983.
(7)Tariq, Anisotropy processing in vertically inhomogeneous media, 65th SEG Annual InternationalMeeting, Houston, TX, U.S.A., 1995.
(8)Roberson and Corrigen, Radiation patterns of shear-wave vibrator inmear-surface shales,Geophysics, Vol.48, 19-36, 1983.
(9)Helbig, Transversely isotropy in exploration seismics, Geophys.J.Roy. Astr. Soc., Vol.76,79-88, 1984.
(10)Banik, Velocity anisotropy of sha1es and depth estimation in the North Sca Basin, Geophysics,Vol.49, 141 1-1419,1984.
(11)Stcphen, Seismic anisotropy in the upper oceanic crust, J. Geophys.Res., Vol.66, 3487-3496,1985
(12)Winterstein, Anisotropy effects in P-wave and SH-wave stacking velocities contain informationon lithology, Geophysics, Vol.51, 661-672, 1985.
(13)Leary and Hengcn, Anisotropy and fracture zones about a geothermal well from P-wave velocityprofiles, Geophysics, Vol.58, 25-36, 1985.
(2)滕吉文,张中杰等,弹性介质各向异性研究沿革,现状与问题,《地球物理进展》.7(4),1986.
(3)Thomsen, Weak elastic anisotropy, Geophysics, Vol.51,1954-1966, 1986
(4) Llya and Thomsen, Nonhypcrbolic rcflection moveout in anisotropice mdia, Geophysics,Vol.59, 1290-1304, 1994.
(5) Llya, Normal moveout from dipping reflectors in anisotropic media, Geophysics, Vol.60,268~284, 1995.
(6) White, Measured anisotropy in Pierre Shalc, Geophys Prosp, Vol.31, 709-725,1983.
(7)Tariq, Anisotropy processing in vertically inhomogeneous media, 65th SEG Annual InternationalMeeting, Houston, TX, U.S.A., 1995.
(8)Roberson and Corrigen, Radiation patterns of shear-wave vibrator inmear-surface shales,Geophysics, Vol.48, 19-36, 1983.
(9)Helbig, Transversely isotropy in exploration seismics, Geophys.J.Roy. Astr. Soc., Vol.76,79-88, 1984.
(10)Banik, Velocity anisotropy of sha1es and depth estimation in the North Sca Basin, Geophysics,Vol.49, 141 1-1419,1984.
(11)Stcphen, Seismic anisotropy in the upper oceanic crust, J. Geophys.Res., Vol.66, 3487-3496,1985
(12)Winterstein, Anisotropy effects in P-wave and SH-wave stacking velocities contain informationon lithology, Geophysics, Vol.51, 661-672, 1985.
(13)Leary and Hengcn, Anisotropy and fracture zones about a geothermal well from P-wave velocityprofiles, Geophysics, Vol.58, 25-36, 1985.
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