沉积盆地中地震波速度与地层年代的关系
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摘要
地层年代确定是地质学研究领域的重要课题,地质类定年方法具有各种不利因素.本文选择地球物理方法确定地层年代,以中国大陆沉积盆地为研究区,通过对盆地中实测速度、深度和年代三者间关系的深入研究,应用统计、拟合和扫描的方法,建立了中国大陆沉积盆地中速度、深度和年代之间的定量关系,此关系式为测定年代提供了一种新的方法.利用此关系式计算了沉积盆地基底的年代范围,并与同位素实测的年龄作了比较,表明该方法可以粗略确定稳定基底年代.计算基底年龄和实测数据之间存在误差,其原因主要是本文把中国大陆沉积盆地看作一个构造单元所致
Dating is an important subject in geological research. The geologic dating methods face some different difficulties. Consequently, in this study, a new geophysical method is used to do the dating research in Chinese continental sedimentary basins. Based on the methods of statistics, fitting and scanning, the relations of velocities, depths and ages in basins were investigated and a new method to determine absolute ages was proposed. According to the formula, the range of sedimentary basement age is also determined and compared with the results by isotopic methods. The result shows the formula also can be used to determine the range of sedimentary basement ages. Errors may be brought because China continental sedimentary basins are thought as one tectonic unit.
Dating is an important subject in geological research. The geologic dating methods face some different difficulties. Consequently, in this study, a new geophysical method is used to do the dating research in Chinese continental sedimentary basins. Based on the methods of statistics, fitting and scanning, the relations of velocities, depths and ages in basins were investigated and a new method to determine absolute ages was proposed. According to the formula, the range of sedimentary basement age is also determined and compared with the results by isotopic methods. The result shows the formula also can be used to determine the range of sedimentary basement ages. Errors may be brought because China continental sedimentary basins are thought as one tectonic unit.
引文
[1] 陆松年,张学祺,黄承义等.蓟县-平谷长城系地质年龄数据新知及年代格架讨论.见:中国地质科学院天津地质矿产研究所所刊,第23号,北京:地质出版社,1989． 11～23 Lu S N,Zhang X Q,Huang C Y,et al.Jixian-Changcheng system geology age data and review on age framework.In:The Publication of Tianjin Geologic and Mineral Resource Institute of Geologic Science Institute.No 23(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1989． 11～23
[2] 陆松年.大陆地壳演化时间维的确定及存在问题.新疆地质.1995,13(1) :13～19 Lu S N.Determination of chronological dimensions of the evolution of continental crust and existing problems.Xinjiang Geology(in Chinese),1995,13(1) :13～19
[3] 郭桂红,韩 锋.地质定年方法综述与地球物理定年.地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :87～94 Guo G H,Han F.The overview of dating methods and the geophysical dating.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1) :87～94
[4] Weatherby B B,Faust L Y.Influence of geological factors on longitudinal seismic velocities.Bulletin A A P G.,1935,19(1) :1～8
[5] Faust L Y.Influence of geological factors on Longitudinal seismic velocities.Presented at Midyear Meeting of SEG.Dallas,Texas,1935
[6] Haskell,Baskell N A.The relation between depth lithology and seismic wave velocity in Tertiary sandstones and shales.Geophysics,1941,Ⅵ:318～326
[7] Stulken E J.Seismic velocities in the southeastern San Joaquin Valley of California.Geophysics,1941,Ⅵ:327～355
[8] Faust L Y.Seismic velocity as a function of depth and geologic time.Geophysics,1951,ⅩⅥ(2) :192～206
[9] Vogel C B.A seismic velocity logging method.Geophysics,1952,ⅩⅦ(3) :586～597
[10] Faust L Y.A velocity function including lithologic variation.Geophysics,1953,ⅩⅧ(2) :271～288
[11] George H S,Hans B,John E,et al.Physical analysis of deep sea sediments.Geophysics,1957,ⅩⅫ(4) :779～812
[12] Acheson C H.Time-depth and velocity-depth relations in western Canada.Geophysics,1963,28(5) :894～909
[13] 王钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山等.中国地温分布的基本特征.北京:地震出版社,1990 Wang J,Huang S Y,Huang G S,et al.Basic Characteristics of the Earth's Temperature Distribution in China(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1990
[14] 王钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山等.华北中、新生代沉积盆地的地温分布及地热资源.地质学报,1983,(3) :304～316 Wang J,Huang S Y,Huang G S,et al.Geotemperature distribution and geothermal resources in the Meso-Cenozoic basins of north China.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),1983,(3) :304～316
[15] 王 钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山等.中国南部地温分布的基本特征.地质学报,1986,(3) :297～309 Wang J,Huang S Y,Huang G S,et al.Basic characteristics of the earth's temperature distribution in southern China.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),1986,(3) :297～309
[16] 汪集旸,黄少鹏.利用地热资料确定岩石圈厚度--以攀西地区为例.科学通报,1988,33(1) :51～54 Wang J Y,Huang S P.Using heat flow to estimate the thickness of lithosphere in Panxi region.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),1988,33(1) :51～54
[17] 大庆油田石油地质志编写组编.中国石油地质志卷二大庆、吉林油田(上册).北京:石油工业出版社,1993 Editorial Group of “Petroleum Geology of Daqing”.Daqing,Jilin Oil Field(First Part),Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.2) (in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1993
[18] 陈俊湘,陈景亮.准噶尔盆地基底及其地震速度特征.新疆石油地质,2002,23(6) :474～477 Chen J X,Chen J L.Basement of Junggar basin and its seismic velocity characteristics.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology(in Chinese),2002,23(6) :474～477
[19] 宋鸿彪,罗志立.四川盆地基底及深部地质结构的研究进展.地学前缘,1995,2(3-4) :231～237 Song H B,Luo Z L.The study of the basement and deep geolo-gical structures of Sichuan basin,China.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),1995,22(3-4) :231～237
[20] 黄春菊,周蒂,陈长民等.反射地震剖面所揭示的白云凹陷的深部地壳结构.科学通报,2005,50(10) :1024～1031 Huang C J,Zhou D,Chen C M,etal.Deep crustal structure of Baiyun Sag,northern South China Sea as interpreted from deep seismic reflection profile.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),2005,50(11) :1131～1138
[21] 王家林,张新兵,吴健生等.珠江口盆地基底结构的综合地球物理研究.热带海洋学报,2002,2l(2) :13～22 Wang J L,Zhang X B,Hao J S,et al.Integrated geophysical researches on base texture of Zhujiang river mouth basin.Journal of Tropical Oceanography(in Chinese),2002,21(2) :13～22
[22] 张成科,张先康,赵金仁等.渤海湾及其邻区壳慢速度结构研究与综述.地震学报,2002,24(4) :428～435 Zhang C K,Zhang X K,Zhao J R,et al.Study and review on crust-mantle velocity structure in Bohai Bay and its vicinity.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2002,24(4) :428～435
[23] 张建中,戴云,钟本善.下辽河裂谷型断陷盆地基底的重力解释方法.物探化探计算技术,1999,21(3) :252～256 Zhang J Z,Dai Y,Zhong B S.Gravitational method for determining the basement of Liaohe rifted basin.Computing Techniques Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),1999,21(3) :252～256
[2] 陆松年.大陆地壳演化时间维的确定及存在问题.新疆地质.1995,13(1) :13～19 Lu S N.Determination of chronological dimensions of the evolution of continental crust and existing problems.Xinjiang Geology(in Chinese),1995,13(1) :13～19
[3] 郭桂红,韩 锋.地质定年方法综述与地球物理定年.地球物理学进展,2007,22(1) :87～94 Guo G H,Han F.The overview of dating methods and the geophysical dating.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(1) :87～94
[4] Weatherby B B,Faust L Y.Influence of geological factors on longitudinal seismic velocities.Bulletin A A P G.,1935,19(1) :1～8
[5] Faust L Y.Influence of geological factors on Longitudinal seismic velocities.Presented at Midyear Meeting of SEG.Dallas,Texas,1935
[6] Haskell,Baskell N A.The relation between depth lithology and seismic wave velocity in Tertiary sandstones and shales.Geophysics,1941,Ⅵ:318～326
[7] Stulken E J.Seismic velocities in the southeastern San Joaquin Valley of California.Geophysics,1941,Ⅵ:327～355
[8] Faust L Y.Seismic velocity as a function of depth and geologic time.Geophysics,1951,ⅩⅥ(2) :192～206
[9] Vogel C B.A seismic velocity logging method.Geophysics,1952,ⅩⅦ(3) :586～597
[10] Faust L Y.A velocity function including lithologic variation.Geophysics,1953,ⅩⅧ(2) :271～288
[11] George H S,Hans B,John E,et al.Physical analysis of deep sea sediments.Geophysics,1957,ⅩⅫ(4) :779～812
[12] Acheson C H.Time-depth and velocity-depth relations in western Canada.Geophysics,1963,28(5) :894～909
[13] 王钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山等.中国地温分布的基本特征.北京:地震出版社,1990 Wang J,Huang S Y,Huang G S,et al.Basic Characteristics of the Earth's Temperature Distribution in China(in Chinese).Beijing:Seismological Press,1990
[14] 王钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山等.华北中、新生代沉积盆地的地温分布及地热资源.地质学报,1983,(3) :304～316 Wang J,Huang S Y,Huang G S,et al.Geotemperature distribution and geothermal resources in the Meso-Cenozoic basins of north China.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),1983,(3) :304～316
[15] 王 钧,黄尚瑶,黄歌山等.中国南部地温分布的基本特征.地质学报,1986,(3) :297～309 Wang J,Huang S Y,Huang G S,et al.Basic characteristics of the earth's temperature distribution in southern China.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),1986,(3) :297～309
[16] 汪集旸,黄少鹏.利用地热资料确定岩石圈厚度--以攀西地区为例.科学通报,1988,33(1) :51～54 Wang J Y,Huang S P.Using heat flow to estimate the thickness of lithosphere in Panxi region.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),1988,33(1) :51～54
[17] 大庆油田石油地质志编写组编.中国石油地质志卷二大庆、吉林油田(上册).北京:石油工业出版社,1993 Editorial Group of “Petroleum Geology of Daqing”.Daqing,Jilin Oil Field(First Part),Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.2) (in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1993
[18] 陈俊湘,陈景亮.准噶尔盆地基底及其地震速度特征.新疆石油地质,2002,23(6) :474～477 Chen J X,Chen J L.Basement of Junggar basin and its seismic velocity characteristics.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology(in Chinese),2002,23(6) :474～477
[19] 宋鸿彪,罗志立.四川盆地基底及深部地质结构的研究进展.地学前缘,1995,2(3-4) :231～237 Song H B,Luo Z L.The study of the basement and deep geolo-gical structures of Sichuan basin,China.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),1995,22(3-4) :231～237
[20] 黄春菊,周蒂,陈长民等.反射地震剖面所揭示的白云凹陷的深部地壳结构.科学通报,2005,50(10) :1024～1031 Huang C J,Zhou D,Chen C M,etal.Deep crustal structure of Baiyun Sag,northern South China Sea as interpreted from deep seismic reflection profile.Chinese Science Bulletin(in Chinese),2005,50(11) :1131～1138
[21] 王家林,张新兵,吴健生等.珠江口盆地基底结构的综合地球物理研究.热带海洋学报,2002,2l(2) :13～22 Wang J L,Zhang X B,Hao J S,et al.Integrated geophysical researches on base texture of Zhujiang river mouth basin.Journal of Tropical Oceanography(in Chinese),2002,21(2) :13～22
[22] 张成科,张先康,赵金仁等.渤海湾及其邻区壳慢速度结构研究与综述.地震学报,2002,24(4) :428～435 Zhang C K,Zhang X K,Zhao J R,et al.Study and review on crust-mantle velocity structure in Bohai Bay and its vicinity.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2002,24(4) :428～435
[23] 张建中,戴云,钟本善.下辽河裂谷型断陷盆地基底的重力解释方法.物探化探计算技术,1999,21(3) :252～256 Zhang J Z,Dai Y,Zhong B S.Gravitational method for determining the basement of Liaohe rifted basin.Computing Techniques Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),1999,21(3) :252～256
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