强震区山岭隧道洞口段结构动力特性分析
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摘要
以雅安—泸沽高速公路高烈度地震区山岭隧道为依托工程,对山岭隧道洞口段结构动力响应进行大型振动台模型试验研究,得出如下结论:隧道结构的最大地震动响应出现位置及其破坏形态与5.12汶川大地震中隧道工程的破坏情况基本一致;隧道设置减震层后,衬砌裂缝数量明显减少,能够改善隧道结构的整体受力状态;在试验中隧道结构均出现一定数量的环向裂缝和斜向裂缝,大部分纵向或斜向裂缝延伸至环向裂缝后终止发展。建议在隧道洞口段设置一定数量的减震缝,吸收地震时能量,减小对结构的破坏。研究成果对高烈度地震区山岭隧道抗减震设计与施工具有一定的参考价值。
Based on the mountain tunnel along Yaan—Lugu highway in strong earthquake area,the dynamic response of mountain tunnel has been analyzed by the means of a large-scale shaking table test.The position of the largest dynamic response of the tunnel and its damage modes are basically the same with that of tunnels damaged in Wenchuan earthquake.The stress state of the tunnel is evidently optimized because of the designed shock absorption layer.There are a lot of longitudinal and oblique cracks on the surface of the tunnel portal,and these cracks extend to the ring cracks and do not propagate.Some shock absorption seams should be designed at the tunnel portal part in order to absorb the earthquake wave energy and protect tunnel structure.These results have a certain reference value for aseismic design and construction of mountain tunnels in strong earthquake area.
Based on the mountain tunnel along Yaan—Lugu highway in strong earthquake area,the dynamic response of mountain tunnel has been analyzed by the means of a large-scale shaking table test.The position of the largest dynamic response of the tunnel and its damage modes are basically the same with that of tunnels damaged in Wenchuan earthquake.The stress state of the tunnel is evidently optimized because of the designed shock absorption layer.There are a lot of longitudinal and oblique cracks on the surface of the tunnel portal,and these cracks extend to the ring cracks and do not propagate.Some shock absorption seams should be designed at the tunnel portal part in order to absorb the earthquake wave energy and protect tunnel structure.These results have a certain reference value for aseismic design and construction of mountain tunnels in strong earthquake area.
引文
[1]李育枢.山岭隧道地震动力响应及减震措施研究[博士学位论文][D].上海:同济大学,2006.(LI Yushu.Study on earthquake responses and vibration-absorption measures for mountain tunnel[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.(in Chinese))
[2]袁松.地震动力响应下公路隧道合理净距的研究[硕士学位论文][D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.(YUAN Song.Research on reasonable spacing of highway tunnel under seismic dynamic response[M.S.Thesis][D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.(in Chinese))
[3]罗定伦,高波,申玉生.关于隧道抗减震模型试验围岩相似材料的研究[J].石家庄铁道学院学报(自然科学版),2008,21(3):70–73.(LUO Dinglun,GAO Bo,SHEN Yusheng.Research on simulating material of surrounding rock in tunnel seismic model experiment[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Railway Institute(Natural Sciences),2008,21(3):70–73.(in Chinese))
[4]陈国兴,庄海洋,程绍革,等.土–地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验:试验方案设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):178–183.(CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,CHENG Shaoge,et al.A large-scale shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction test scheme[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(6):178–183.(in Chinese))
[5]宫必宁,赵大鹏.地下结构与土动力相互作用试验研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(6):493–496.(GONG Bining,ZHAO Dapeng.Experimental research on dynamic interaction of underground structure and soil[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2002,24(6):493–496.(in Chinese))
[6]杨林德,季倩倩,郑永来.软土地铁车站结构的振动台模型试验[J].现代隧道技术,2003,(1):7–11.(YANG Linde,JI Qianqian,ZHENG Yonglai.Shaking table test on metro station structures in softs[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2003,(1):7–11.(in Chinese))
[7]周林聪,陈龙珠,宫必宁.地下结构地震模拟振动台试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(2):182–187,213.(ZHOU Lincong,CHEN Longzhu,GONG Bining.Shaking table tests for the seismic simulation of underground structure[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(2):182–187,213.(in Chinese))
[8]邱法维,钱稼茹,陈志鹏.结构抗震实验方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.(QIU Fawei,QIAN Jiaru,CHEN Zhipeng.Test methods of structural aseismicity[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[9]朱长安,高波,索然绪.强震区隧道洞口段振动台模型试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2008,45(1):48–52,62.(ZHU Chang′an,GAO Bo,SUO Ranxu.Shaking table test for the portal section of a tunnel in high-intensity seismic region[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2008,45(1):48–52,62.(in Chinese))
[10]朱长安,高波,索然绪.强震区隧道洞口段减震的振动台模型试验[J].公路,2008,(6):211–215.(ZHU Chang′an,GAO Bo,SUO Ranxu.Shock absorbing shaking table test on portal part of tunnel in strong ground motion zone[J].Highway,2008,(6):211–215.(in Chinese))
[11]申玉生,高波,王峥峥,等.高烈度地震区山岭隧道模型试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2008,45(5):38–43.(SHEN Yusheng,GAO Bo,WANG Zhengzheng,et al.Model test for a road tunnel in the region of high seismic intensity[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2008,45(5):38–43.(in Chinese))
[12]林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型试验的相似技巧[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1–8.(LIN Gao,ZHU Tong,LIN Bei.Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2000,40(1):1–8.(in Chinese))
[13]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土–地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验——试验结果分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(1):164–170.(CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,DU Xiuli,et al.A large-scale shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction:analysis of test results[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(1):164–170.(in Chinese))
[14]王祥秋,杨林德,高文华.复杂围岩隧道洞口段动力响应特性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(24):4461–4465.(WANG Xiangqiu,YANG Linde,GAO Wenhua.Analysis of dynamic response properties for entrance of tunnel under complicated surrounding rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(24):4461–4465.(in Chinese))
[15]孙铁成,高波,叶朝良.地下结构抗震减震措施与研究方法探讨[J].现代隧道技术,2007,44(3):1–5,10.(SUN Tiecheng,GAO Bo,YE Zhaoliang.Discussion on aseismic and seismic-relieving measures and corresponding research methods for underground structures[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2007,44(3):1–5,10.(in Chinese))
[2]袁松.地震动力响应下公路隧道合理净距的研究[硕士学位论文][D].成都:西南交通大学,2008.(YUAN Song.Research on reasonable spacing of highway tunnel under seismic dynamic response[M.S.Thesis][D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2008.(in Chinese))
[3]罗定伦,高波,申玉生.关于隧道抗减震模型试验围岩相似材料的研究[J].石家庄铁道学院学报(自然科学版),2008,21(3):70–73.(LUO Dinglun,GAO Bo,SHEN Yusheng.Research on simulating material of surrounding rock in tunnel seismic model experiment[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Railway Institute(Natural Sciences),2008,21(3):70–73.(in Chinese))
[4]陈国兴,庄海洋,程绍革,等.土–地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验:试验方案设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):178–183.(CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,CHENG Shaoge,et al.A large-scale shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction test scheme[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006,26(6):178–183.(in Chinese))
[5]宫必宁,赵大鹏.地下结构与土动力相互作用试验研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(6):493–496.(GONG Bining,ZHAO Dapeng.Experimental research on dynamic interaction of underground structure and soil[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2002,24(6):493–496.(in Chinese))
[6]杨林德,季倩倩,郑永来.软土地铁车站结构的振动台模型试验[J].现代隧道技术,2003,(1):7–11.(YANG Linde,JI Qianqian,ZHENG Yonglai.Shaking table test on metro station structures in softs[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2003,(1):7–11.(in Chinese))
[7]周林聪,陈龙珠,宫必宁.地下结构地震模拟振动台试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(2):182–187,213.(ZHOU Lincong,CHEN Longzhu,GONG Bining.Shaking table tests for the seismic simulation of underground structure[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(2):182–187,213.(in Chinese))
[8]邱法维,钱稼茹,陈志鹏.结构抗震实验方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.(QIU Fawei,QIAN Jiaru,CHEN Zhipeng.Test methods of structural aseismicity[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000.(in Chinese))
[9]朱长安,高波,索然绪.强震区隧道洞口段振动台模型试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2008,45(1):48–52,62.(ZHU Chang′an,GAO Bo,SUO Ranxu.Shaking table test for the portal section of a tunnel in high-intensity seismic region[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2008,45(1):48–52,62.(in Chinese))
[10]朱长安,高波,索然绪.强震区隧道洞口段减震的振动台模型试验[J].公路,2008,(6):211–215.(ZHU Chang′an,GAO Bo,SUO Ranxu.Shock absorbing shaking table test on portal part of tunnel in strong ground motion zone[J].Highway,2008,(6):211–215.(in Chinese))
[11]申玉生,高波,王峥峥,等.高烈度地震区山岭隧道模型试验研究[J].现代隧道技术,2008,45(5):38–43.(SHEN Yusheng,GAO Bo,WANG Zhengzheng,et al.Model test for a road tunnel in the region of high seismic intensity[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2008,45(5):38–43.(in Chinese))
[12]林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型试验的相似技巧[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1–8.(LIN Gao,ZHU Tong,LIN Bei.Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2000,40(1):1–8.(in Chinese))
[13]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土–地铁隧道动力相互作用的大型振动台试验——试验结果分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(1):164–170.(CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,DU Xiuli,et al.A large-scale shaking table test for dynamic soil-metro tunnel interaction:analysis of test results[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(1):164–170.(in Chinese))
[14]王祥秋,杨林德,高文华.复杂围岩隧道洞口段动力响应特性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(24):4461–4465.(WANG Xiangqiu,YANG Linde,GAO Wenhua.Analysis of dynamic response properties for entrance of tunnel under complicated surrounding rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(24):4461–4465.(in Chinese))
[15]孙铁成,高波,叶朝良.地下结构抗震减震措施与研究方法探讨[J].现代隧道技术,2007,44(3):1–5,10.(SUN Tiecheng,GAO Bo,YE Zhaoliang.Discussion on aseismic and seismic-relieving measures and corresponding research methods for underground structures[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2007,44(3):1–5,10.(in Chinese))
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