汶川震区交通“生命线路网”建设的地质学思量
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摘要
汶川5.12地震给龙门山地区及四川盆地西缘地区带来了大量的房屋倒塌和人员伤亡,也使震区公路交通基础设施遭受巨大破坏。中国政府从防灾减灾的角度提出了"生命线路网"的概念并以此指导震区公路交通的恢复重建工作。为了防止悲剧重演,通过分析震区地质构造、主震破裂特征及震区孕震形势等地质背景,辅以震区交通基础设施破坏模式调查与分析,认为地质学理论在"生命线路网"建设中具有重要作用,并据此提出震区交通恢复重建策略以供参考。
On 12 May 2008,the devastating magnitude 8.0(Wenchuan) earthquake struck Longmen Shan region and the western edge of the Sichuan basin,collapsing buildings and killing thousand of people in major cities located in seismic zones.Owing to such a large-magnitude earthqhake,the traffic infrastructures were also destroyed heavily,especially the bridge structurs in earthquake areas.The concept of emergency road network was stated in the disaster prevention and mitigation perspective by Chinese Government,and ought to be always emphasized in the course of rebuilding of transportation in seismic zones.By analysing tectonics of the seismic zones,the character of main rupture plane and potential seismic zones,which were assisted by investigation and analysis on failure mode of traffic infrastructures,it is concluded that geology theories should have had a more significance for construction of emergency road network,and rebuilding strategy hereby is proposed,with the aim to avoid tragedy in the future.
On 12 May 2008,the devastating magnitude 8.0(Wenchuan) earthquake struck Longmen Shan region and the western edge of the Sichuan basin,collapsing buildings and killing thousand of people in major cities located in seismic zones.Owing to such a large-magnitude earthqhake,the traffic infrastructures were also destroyed heavily,especially the bridge structurs in earthquake areas.The concept of emergency road network was stated in the disaster prevention and mitigation perspective by Chinese Government,and ought to be always emphasized in the course of rebuilding of transportation in seismic zones.By analysing tectonics of the seismic zones,the character of main rupture plane and potential seismic zones,which were assisted by investigation and analysis on failure mode of traffic infrastructures,it is concluded that geology theories should have had a more significance for construction of emergency road network,and rebuilding strategy hereby is proposed,with the aim to avoid tragedy in the future.
引文
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[2]Zhou Bengang,Ran Hongliu,Song Xinchu,et al.Aninhomogeneous distribution model of strong earthquakesalong strike-slip active fault segments on the chinesecontinent and its implication in engineering seismology[J].Earthquake Research in China,2004,18(2):200-211.
[3]万天丰.汶川8级地震的形成机制与中国大陆近期地震概况[J].自然杂志,2008,30(3):125-127.(WanTianfeng.Mechanism of Wenchuan earthquake(Ms=8.0)and recent situation of earthquake in chinacontinent[J].Chinese Journal of Nature,2008,30(3):125-127.(in Chinese))
[4]丁仲礼.地震的预防比预报更可靠[J].中国人大,2008,6:18.(Ding Zhongli.Earthquake’s precaution ismore reliable than its forecasting[J].Zhongguo Renda,2008,6:18.(in Chinese))
[5]林銘郎,董家鈞,胡植慶,等.向大自然學習我們準備好了嗎?~?地工角度看四川汶川地震之相關議題[J].地工技術,2008,116:97-112.(Lin Minglang,Dong Jiajyun,Hu Jyrching,et al.Are we ready bylearning from the nature?-from geotechnical engineeringperspective to wenchuan earthquake related issues[J].Sino-Geotechnics,2008,116:97-112.(in Chinese))
[6]XU,Z.Q.,JI,S.C.,LI,H.B.,et al.Uplift of theLongmen Shan range and the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Episodes,2008,31(3):291-301.
[7]董树文,张岳桥,龙长兴,等.四川汶川8级地震的发震机理分析[EB/OL].http://www.cags.net.cn/dizhen/012.html,2008-11-19.(Dong Shuwen,ZhangYueqiao,Long Changxing,et al.Analysis onearthquake mechanisms of wenchuan(ms=8.0)insichuan provice[EB/OL].http://www.cags.net.cn/dizhen/012.html,2008-11-19.(in Chinese))
[8]嵇少丞,许志琴,王茜,等.汶川大地震的地质概况[EB/OL].http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=43683,2008-10-23.(Ji Shaocheng,Xu Zhiqin,Wang Qian,et al.Geology general situationof wenchuan.large-magnitude earthquake[EB/OL].http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=43683,2008-10-23.(in Chinese))
[9]Parsons T,Ji C,Kirby E.Stress changes from the 2008wenchuan earthquake and increased hazard in thesichuan basin[J].Nature,2008(454):509-510.
[10]嵇少丞,王茜,孙圣思,等.四川地质构造孕震形势图[EB/OL].http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.as px?id=30134,2008-06-24.(JiShaocheng,Wang Qian,Shun Shengsi,et al.Potential seismic situation in sichuan province[EB/OL].http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=30134,2008-06-24.(in Chinese))
[11]贾秋鹏,贾东,朱艾斓,等.青藏高原东缘龙门山冲断带与四川盆地的现今构造表现:数字地形和地震活动证据[J].地质科学,2007,42(1):31-44.(JiaQiupeng,Jia Dong,Zhu Ailan,et al.Active tectonicsin the longmen thrust belt to the eastern qinghai-tibetanplateau and sichuan basin:evidence from topographyand seismicity[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2007,42(1):31-44.(in Chinese))
[12]Kirby E,Whipple K X,Burchfiel B C,et al.Neotectonics of the Min Shan,China:implications formechanisms driving quaternary deformation along theeastern margin of the tibetan plateau[J].GeologicalSociety of America Bulletin,2000,112(3):375-393.
[13]Caltech Tectonics Observatory.The science behindchina’s sichuan earthquake[EB/OL].http://www.tectonics.caltech.edu/2008MayChinaEQ/xichuan.html.
[14]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(4):1-12.(Yin Yueping.Researcheson the geo-hazards triggered by wenchuan earthquake,sichuan[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(4):1-12.(in Chinese))
[15]Lee Chyityi,Huang Chiencheng,Lee Jiinfa,et al.Statistical approach to earthquake-induced landslidesusceptibility[J].Engineering Geology,2008(100):43-58.
[16]中华人民共和国中央人民政府国务院.汶川地震灾后恢复重建总体规划[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2008-09/23/content_1103686.htm,2008-09-23.(State Council under the People’sRepublic of China.The restoration and reconstructioncomprehensive plan of wenchuan after earthquake[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2008-09/23/content_1103686.htm,2008-09-23.(in Chinese))
[17]GB 18306-2001,《中国地震动参数区划图》国家标准第1号修改单[EB/OL].http://www.cea.gov.cn/manage/html/8a8587881632fa5c0116674a018300cf/_content/08_06/19/1213844005369.html,2008-06-19.(GB 18306-2001,Seismic ground motion parameterzonation map of China№1 modified program.[EB/OL].http://www.cea.gov.cn/manage/html/8a8587881632fa5c0116674a018300cf/_content/08_06/19/1213844005369.html,2008-06-19.(in Chinese))
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