异常地层压力的综合预测方法及其在营尔凹陷的应用
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摘要
预测异常地层压力的方法主要有以测井资料为主的平衡深度法、以地震资料为主的地震层速度法、以实测压力为主的经验关系法和数值模拟法,单独使用某一类方法预测地层压力都具有一定的局限性。提出了一种综合预测地层压力的方法,该方法将现有的测井、地震资料预测地层压力的方法进行了综合与改进,预测过程充分利用了营尔凹陷的测井资料、地震资料和压力测试资料,预测的地层压力与实测压力具有较好的一致性,证明用该方法来研究异常地层压力是有效的。研究发现营尔凹陷异常地层压力十分发育,纵向上,从浅至深可以依次划分为具有不同压力特征的4个压力带:常压带、浅层超压带、压力过渡带和深层超压带。通过测井、地震资料预测压力剖面的综合对比发现,各压力带的分布主要受地层层位和岩性控制。
Approaches for abnormal formation pressure prediction can be classified into three categories.However,some limitations in predicting the formation pressure will be found if just one method is used alone.This paper develops a new integrated approach to forecast the abnormal formation pressure.This approach has integrated and improved the present prediction methods based on the well logging data and the seismic data.In the prediction processes,it takes the sufficient use of the log,seismic as well as measured pressure data of the study area,and so the prediction result corresponds to the actual pressure.This proves the effectiveness of this method.According to the research in Ying'er Sag,four pressure zones can be divided vertically: normal pressure zone,shallow overpressure zone,intermediate zone and deep overpressure zone.The comparison of different calculated pressure by log data and seismic impedance leads to the conclusion that the distribution of different pressure zones is controlled mainly by formation position and lithological characters.
Approaches for abnormal formation pressure prediction can be classified into three categories.However,some limitations in predicting the formation pressure will be found if just one method is used alone.This paper develops a new integrated approach to forecast the abnormal formation pressure.This approach has integrated and improved the present prediction methods based on the well logging data and the seismic data.In the prediction processes,it takes the sufficient use of the log,seismic as well as measured pressure data of the study area,and so the prediction result corresponds to the actual pressure.This proves the effectiveness of this method.According to the research in Ying'er Sag,four pressure zones can be divided vertically: normal pressure zone,shallow overpressure zone,intermediate zone and deep overpressure zone.The comparison of different calculated pressure by log data and seismic impedance leads to the conclusion that the distribution of different pressure zones is controlled mainly by formation position and lithological characters.
引文
[1]王震亮,陈荷立.神木一榆林地区上古生界流体压力分布演化及对天然气成藏的影响[J].中国科学:D辑,2007,37(增刊I):49-61.
[2]向才富,冯志强,吴河勇,等.松辽盆地异常压力系统及其形成原因探讨[J].地质学报,2007,89(11):1 752-1 760.
[3]Hunt J M.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnor-mally pressure fluid compartments[J].AAPG Bull.,1990,74(1):1-12.
[4]Mello U T,Kamer G D.Development of sediment overpressureand its effect on thermal maturation:Application to the Gull ofMexico Basin[J].AAPG Bull.,1996,80(9):1 367-1 369.
[5]Yardley G S,Swarbrick R E.Lateral transfer:A source of ad-ditional overpressure[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000;(17):523-537.
[6]柳广弟,王德强.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷深层异常压力特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):22-24.
[7]真柄钦次.压实与流体运移[M].陈荷立,邸世祥,汤锡元,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,1981:1-50.
[8]石万忠,何生,陈红汉.多地震属性联合反演在地层压力预测中的应用[J].石油物探.2006,45(6):580-585.
[9]张传进.地震层速度预测地层压力研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1998,(2):14-17.
[10]张树林,赵铭海.地层压力预测技术及其在油层保护中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2002,21(3):43-47.
[11]肖军,郭齐军.南堡凹陷温度场、压力场及流体势模拟研究——基于Basin2盆地模拟软件[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(1):67-74.
[12]Vladimir A S,George V C,Simon A K.Methods of estima-ting and predicting abnormal formation pressures[J].Journalof Petroleum Science and Engineering,1995,13(1):113-123.
[13]Finkbeiner T,Zoback M,Flemings P,et al.Stress,pore pres-sure,and dynamically constrained hydrocarbon columns in theSouth Eugene Island 330 field,northern Gulf of Mexico[J].AAPG Bull.,2001,85(6):1 007-1 031.
[14]Mark W R.Stuart H,Anthony E.Fallick hydrocarbon fillingand leakage history of a deep geopressured sandstone,FulmarFormation,United Kingdom,North Sea[J].AAPG Bull.,2006,90(12):1 945-1 961.
[15]陈建军,吴辉.酒东盆地营尔凹陷油气聚集规律及勘探目标选择[R].玉门:玉门石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1997:12-21.
[16]陈建平,黄第藩,张大江,等.酒东盆地油气生成和运移[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[17]陈建平,黄第藩,霍永录,等.酒东盆地异常流体压力带及与油气分布的关系[J].中国科学:D辑,1996,26(1):9-15.
[2]向才富,冯志强,吴河勇,等.松辽盆地异常压力系统及其形成原因探讨[J].地质学报,2007,89(11):1 752-1 760.
[3]Hunt J M.Generation and migration of petroleum from abnor-mally pressure fluid compartments[J].AAPG Bull.,1990,74(1):1-12.
[4]Mello U T,Kamer G D.Development of sediment overpressureand its effect on thermal maturation:Application to the Gull ofMexico Basin[J].AAPG Bull.,1996,80(9):1 367-1 369.
[5]Yardley G S,Swarbrick R E.Lateral transfer:A source of ad-ditional overpressure[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000;(17):523-537.
[6]柳广弟,王德强.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷深层异常压力特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(3):22-24.
[7]真柄钦次.压实与流体运移[M].陈荷立,邸世祥,汤锡元,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,1981:1-50.
[8]石万忠,何生,陈红汉.多地震属性联合反演在地层压力预测中的应用[J].石油物探.2006,45(6):580-585.
[9]张传进.地震层速度预测地层压力研究[J].石油钻采工艺,1998,(2):14-17.
[10]张树林,赵铭海.地层压力预测技术及其在油层保护中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2002,21(3):43-47.
[11]肖军,郭齐军.南堡凹陷温度场、压力场及流体势模拟研究——基于Basin2盆地模拟软件[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(1):67-74.
[12]Vladimir A S,George V C,Simon A K.Methods of estima-ting and predicting abnormal formation pressures[J].Journalof Petroleum Science and Engineering,1995,13(1):113-123.
[13]Finkbeiner T,Zoback M,Flemings P,et al.Stress,pore pres-sure,and dynamically constrained hydrocarbon columns in theSouth Eugene Island 330 field,northern Gulf of Mexico[J].AAPG Bull.,2001,85(6):1 007-1 031.
[14]Mark W R.Stuart H,Anthony E.Fallick hydrocarbon fillingand leakage history of a deep geopressured sandstone,FulmarFormation,United Kingdom,North Sea[J].AAPG Bull.,2006,90(12):1 945-1 961.
[15]陈建军,吴辉.酒东盆地营尔凹陷油气聚集规律及勘探目标选择[R].玉门:玉门石油管理局勘探开发研究院,1997:12-21.
[16]陈建平,黄第藩,张大江,等.酒东盆地油气生成和运移[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[17]陈建平,黄第藩,霍永录,等.酒东盆地异常流体压力带及与油气分布的关系[J].中国科学:D辑,1996,26(1):9-15.
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