在地震力作用下高架桥梁上轨道车辆的动态分析与安全性研究
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摘要
本文将轨道车辆系统仿真成由车厢、转向架及轮轴所组成。车厢与转向架间有次悬吊系统,转向架与轮轴间则有主悬吊系统。数学模型的推导将考虑车辆横向、垂向、翻滚及摇摆方向的运动,将车辆仿真成三维具16个自由度的系统。本研究将探讨行驶高架桥梁的轨道车辆受地震激振时的响应和安全性,结果显示,移轨力及脱轨系数会随着地表加速度的增加而增加,而轨道不平整度及速度参数对脱轨系数及移轨力的影响不大。
In this paper,the railway vehicle is considered to be three subsystems,carbody,bogie and wheelset.There are secondary suspension systems between carbody and bogies,and primary suspension systems connecting bogies and wheelsets.A vehicle with vertical,lateral,roll,and yaw directions motion is considered to derive the mathematical equations.A vehicle with three-dimensional model having 16 degrees of freedom is used to develop the(equations) of train motion.In this study,results show that the track shift force and derailment factor increase with the increase of ground acceleration.But for the track shift force and derailment factor,the effects of track irregularities and train speed are very small.
In this paper,the railway vehicle is considered to be three subsystems,carbody,bogie and wheelset.There are secondary suspension systems between carbody and bogies,and primary suspension systems connecting bogies and wheelsets.A vehicle with vertical,lateral,roll,and yaw directions motion is considered to derive the mathematical equations.A vehicle with three-dimensional model having 16 degrees of freedom is used to develop the(equations) of train motion.In this study,results show that the track shift force and derailment factor increase with the increase of ground acceleration.But for the track shift force and derailment factor,the effects of track irregularities and train speed are very small.
引文
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[3]谢伟平,于艳丽,姚春桥.高速移动荷载作用下轨道系统的振动研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):85~90.
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[5]林仁生,陈勇全.捷运系统列车性能仿真[J].机械工业杂志,1998,(184):197~203.
[6]林仁生,陈勇全,吴俊仲.电联车悬吊系统垂直方向特性分析[J].机械工业,1998,(185):250~257.
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[14]G rassie S L,et al.The dynam ic response of railway track to h igh frequency vertical excitation[J].Journal ofM echan ical Engineering and Sci-ence,1982,24(2):77~90.
[15]Jenk insH H,et al.The effects of track and veh icle param eters on wheel/rail vertical dynam ic forces[J].Railway Engineering Journal,1974,2~16.
[16]HuntH E M.Stochastic modeling of traffic-induced ground vibration[J].Journal of Sound and V ibration,1991,144(1):53~70.
[17]Jezequel L.Response of period ic system s to a moving load[J].Journal ofApplied M echan ics,1981,48:613~618.
[18]Tassilly E,V incentN.A linearmodel for the corrugation of rails[J].Journal of Sound and V ibration,1991,150(1):.
[19]C lark R A,et al.An investigation into the dynam ic effects of railway veh icles runn ing on corrugated rails[J].Journal ofM ech.Eng.Sci.,1982,24(2):65~76.
[20]Newton S G,C lark R A.An investigation into the dynam ic effects on the track ofwheelflats on railway veh icles[J].Journal ofM ech.Eng.Sci.,1979,21(4):287~297.
[21]D iana G,Horton D,Collina A.Interaction between railroad superstructure and railway veh icles[J].Supplem ent to Veh icle System Dynam ics,1993,23:75~86.
[22]V inyolas J,Abete JM,G im enez J G.D esign m ethodology and experim ental resu lt of a test facility for active conventional railway suspensions[J].Veh icle System Dynam ics,1993,22:21~41.
[23]HuntH E M.Modelling of rail veh icles and track for calcu lation of ground-vibration transm ission into bu ild ing[J].Journal of Sound and V ibra-tion,1996.193(1):185~194.
[24]C lough R W,Penzien J.Dynam ics of structures[M].Second Ed ition,1993.
[25]New land D E.Steering characteristics of bogies.railway gazette[J].1968,124(19):745~750.
[26]D iom in Y V.Stab ilization of h igh-speed railway veh icles[J].Veh icle System Dynam ics,1994,23:107~114.
[27]W ickens A H.Static and dynam ic instab ilities of bogie railway veh icles w ith linkage steered wheelsets[J].Veh icle System Dynam ics,1996,26:1~16.
[28]Matsuura A.S imu lation for analyzing d irect derailm ent of runn ing veh icle on oscillating tracks[J].Structural Engineering/Earthquake Engineer-ing 1998,15:63 s~72 s.
[29]M iyamoto T,Ish ida H,MatsuoM.Runn ing safety of railway veh icle as earthquake occurs[J].Quarter Report of RTR I,1997,38:117~122.
[30]Gu ide for the Evaluation ofHuman Exposure to whole-body vibration[S].International O rgan ization for Standard ization.F irst Ed ition-1974-07-01 Reference Number ISO 2631~1974.
[31]L i J,Su M.The resonant vibration for a simply supported girderbridge under h igh-speed trains[J].Journal of Sound and V ibration,1999.224(5):897~915.
[32]Yang Y B,Yau J D.Veh icle-B ridge interaction elem ent for dynam ic analysis[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE 1997,123.1512~1518.
[33]Yang F,Fonder G A.B ridge impact due to wheel and track irregu larities[J].Journal of EngineeringM echan ics D ivision,ASCE 1982,108:648~667.
[34]W iriyachai A,Ghu K H,Garg V K.An iterative solution m ethod for dynam ic response of bridge-veh icle system[J].Earthquake Engineering andStructure Dynam ics,1996,25:195~215.
[35]Zh iyum Shen.The dynam ics of veh icles on roads and on tracks[J].Supplem ent to Veh icle System Dynam ics,1993,23:300.
[36]New land D E.An introduction to random vibrations and spectral analysis[M].2nd ed ition,London:longman G roup,1984.
[37]Coenraad Esveld.Modern railway track[M].1989.36.
[38]PriestleyM J N,Seib le F,Calvi G M.Seism ic design and retrofit of bridge[M].1996.196.
[2]王午生,许玉德,郑其昌.铁道与城市轨道交通工程[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2003.
[3]谢伟平,于艳丽,姚春桥.高速移动荷载作用下轨道系统的振动研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):85~90.
[4]陈勇全.捷运车辆轮轨动态作用力与脱轨系数的探讨[A].中国机械工程学会第十七届学术研讨会议论文集[C].高雄:2000:351~358.
[5]林仁生,陈勇全.捷运系统列车性能仿真[J].机械工业杂志,1998,(184):197~203.
[6]林仁生,陈勇全,吴俊仲.电联车悬吊系统垂直方向特性分析[J].机械工业,1998,(185):250~257.
[7]林仁生,陈勇全,吴俊仲.电联车垂向与滚转动态分析[J].机械技术,1996,(163):180~187.
[8]林仁生,陈勇全,黄世畴.悬吊系统侧向动态行为与月台间隙探讨[A].中国第二十二届力学会议论文集[C].台南:1998.127~133.
[9]林仁生,陈勇全,吴俊仲.电联车垂直方向振动分析[A].中国机械工程学会第十五届学术研讨会论文集[C].台南:1998.879~883.
[10]郑永长.车轮与铁轨间非线性接触力对铁路车辆轮轴组稳定性的影响[D].台南:成功大学机械工程研究所,1998.
[11]宋丰华.列车运转曲线的自动规划与动态仿真研究[D].台北:台北科技大学机电整合研究所,1998.
[12]吴世鸿.车辆/轨道系统的交互作用分析[D].1997.
[13]方志隆.地震对铁路单一列车通过桥梁时走行安定定性的分析[D].台湾桃园县:中央大学土木工程研究所,1993.
[14]G rassie S L,et al.The dynam ic response of railway track to h igh frequency vertical excitation[J].Journal ofM echan ical Engineering and Sci-ence,1982,24(2):77~90.
[15]Jenk insH H,et al.The effects of track and veh icle param eters on wheel/rail vertical dynam ic forces[J].Railway Engineering Journal,1974,2~16.
[16]HuntH E M.Stochastic modeling of traffic-induced ground vibration[J].Journal of Sound and V ibration,1991,144(1):53~70.
[17]Jezequel L.Response of period ic system s to a moving load[J].Journal ofApplied M echan ics,1981,48:613~618.
[18]Tassilly E,V incentN.A linearmodel for the corrugation of rails[J].Journal of Sound and V ibration,1991,150(1):.
[19]C lark R A,et al.An investigation into the dynam ic effects of railway veh icles runn ing on corrugated rails[J].Journal ofM ech.Eng.Sci.,1982,24(2):65~76.
[20]Newton S G,C lark R A.An investigation into the dynam ic effects on the track ofwheelflats on railway veh icles[J].Journal ofM ech.Eng.Sci.,1979,21(4):287~297.
[21]D iana G,Horton D,Collina A.Interaction between railroad superstructure and railway veh icles[J].Supplem ent to Veh icle System Dynam ics,1993,23:75~86.
[22]V inyolas J,Abete JM,G im enez J G.D esign m ethodology and experim ental resu lt of a test facility for active conventional railway suspensions[J].Veh icle System Dynam ics,1993,22:21~41.
[23]HuntH E M.Modelling of rail veh icles and track for calcu lation of ground-vibration transm ission into bu ild ing[J].Journal of Sound and V ibra-tion,1996.193(1):185~194.
[24]C lough R W,Penzien J.Dynam ics of structures[M].Second Ed ition,1993.
[25]New land D E.Steering characteristics of bogies.railway gazette[J].1968,124(19):745~750.
[26]D iom in Y V.Stab ilization of h igh-speed railway veh icles[J].Veh icle System Dynam ics,1994,23:107~114.
[27]W ickens A H.Static and dynam ic instab ilities of bogie railway veh icles w ith linkage steered wheelsets[J].Veh icle System Dynam ics,1996,26:1~16.
[28]Matsuura A.S imu lation for analyzing d irect derailm ent of runn ing veh icle on oscillating tracks[J].Structural Engineering/Earthquake Engineer-ing 1998,15:63 s~72 s.
[29]M iyamoto T,Ish ida H,MatsuoM.Runn ing safety of railway veh icle as earthquake occurs[J].Quarter Report of RTR I,1997,38:117~122.
[30]Gu ide for the Evaluation ofHuman Exposure to whole-body vibration[S].International O rgan ization for Standard ization.F irst Ed ition-1974-07-01 Reference Number ISO 2631~1974.
[31]L i J,Su M.The resonant vibration for a simply supported girderbridge under h igh-speed trains[J].Journal of Sound and V ibration,1999.224(5):897~915.
[32]Yang Y B,Yau J D.Veh icle-B ridge interaction elem ent for dynam ic analysis[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE 1997,123.1512~1518.
[33]Yang F,Fonder G A.B ridge impact due to wheel and track irregu larities[J].Journal of EngineeringM echan ics D ivision,ASCE 1982,108:648~667.
[34]W iriyachai A,Ghu K H,Garg V K.An iterative solution m ethod for dynam ic response of bridge-veh icle system[J].Earthquake Engineering andStructure Dynam ics,1996,25:195~215.
[35]Zh iyum Shen.The dynam ics of veh icles on roads and on tracks[J].Supplem ent to Veh icle System Dynam ics,1993,23:300.
[36]New land D E.An introduction to random vibrations and spectral analysis[M].2nd ed ition,London:longman G roup,1984.
[37]Coenraad Esveld.Modern railway track[M].1989.36.
[38]PriestleyM J N,Seib le F,Calvi G M.Seism ic design and retrofit of bridge[M].1996.196.
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