水平层状围岩隧道顶板变形特征及机理分析
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摘要
隧道在开挖过程中,经常会经过水平层状围岩,这将给隧道施工带来很大的困难,造成安全事故。通过对水平层状围岩隧道顶板变形特征及机理分析得出:水平层状围岩在隧道顶板层面薄弱带附近由于不同步弯曲沉降产生分离,形成离层;水平岩层软硬相间,层间黏结力较差,隧道开挖后拱顶围岩稳定性较差,拱顶失稳几率较大;对于水平层状围岩地区要做好塌方的预防和初期处理,尽量做到预防为主。当发生事故时,要做好相应的措施,减少人员的伤亡。
The tunnel is often being tunneled through horizontal layer surrounding rock in process;which will bring great difficulties in the tunnel construction,causing accidents.Through the analysis of roof deformation characteristics and mechanism in horizontal layer rock tunnel,this paper concludes that the horizontal layer surrounding rock tunnel near roof level sync due to weak produced separation,bending settlement formed delamination.Levels between layers alternate with hard and soft rock strata and unbond force is poor,and the stability of surrounding rock tunnel excavation vault is poor.After tunneling,it's more likely to increase vaults' instability.For horizontal layer surrounding areas,we must complete collapse prevention and early treatment,and prevention is the main part.When the accident happens,proper measures should be done to reduce personnel casualties.
The tunnel is often being tunneled through horizontal layer surrounding rock in process;which will bring great difficulties in the tunnel construction,causing accidents.Through the analysis of roof deformation characteristics and mechanism in horizontal layer rock tunnel,this paper concludes that the horizontal layer surrounding rock tunnel near roof level sync due to weak produced separation,bending settlement formed delamination.Levels between layers alternate with hard and soft rock strata and unbond force is poor,and the stability of surrounding rock tunnel excavation vault is poor.After tunneling,it's more likely to increase vaults' instability.For horizontal layer surrounding areas,we must complete collapse prevention and early treatment,and prevention is the main part.When the accident happens,proper measures should be done to reduce personnel casualties.
引文
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[3]罗选红.高拱坝坝肩岩体变形稳定性的三维数值模拟[J].山西建筑,2009,35(34):97-98. LUO Xuan-hong.3D numerical simulation on deformation and stability of high arch dam abutment[J].Shanxi Architecture,2009, 35(34):97-98.
[4]李晓红,夏彬伟,李丹,等.深埋隧道层状围岩变形特征分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(4):1163-1167. LI Xiao-hong,XIA Bin-wei,LI Dan,et al.Deformation characteristics analysis of layered rockmass in deep buried tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(4):1163 -1167.
[5]张振刚,张鸿儒,张昀青,等.层状围岩隧道施工爆破与锚固研究[J].中国公路学报,2003,16(2):74-77. ZHANG Zhen-gang,ZHANG Hong-ru,ZHANG Yun-qing,et al.Research on dynamiting and anchor in tunneling of stratified rock[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport,2003,16(2):74 -77.
[6]温森,赵延喜.深埋隧洞层状围岩变形分析[J].金属矿山, 2009(4):11-15. WEN Sen,ZHAO Yan-xi.Deformation characteristics analysis of layered rockmass in deep buried tunnel[J],Metal Mine,2009 (4):11 -15.
[7]李建林.卸荷岩体力学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003.
[8]王思敬,杨志法,刘竹华.地下工程岩体稳定性分析[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
[9]谷德振.岩体地质力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[10]鲜学福,谭学术.层状岩体破坏机理[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1989.
[11]CHEN Hong-kai,TANG Hong-mei,YE Si-qiao.Damage model of control fissure in perilous rock[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2006,27(3):967 - 974.
[12]陈洪凯,唐红梅.危岩主控结构面强度参数计算方法[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(1):37-41. CHEN Hong-kai,TANG Hong-mei.Method for calculating strength parameters of structural planes controlling the rock block stability [J].Journal Engineering Geology,2008,16(1):37 -41.
[13]陈洪凯,唐红梅,叶四桥,等.危岩防治原理[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
[14]赵弋舟,高徐军,折娟.复杂层状岩层隧道塌方原因分析及其治理[J]西北水电,2010(3):50-53. ZHAO Yi-zhou,GAO Xu-jun,SHE Juan.Cause analysis and technology study for treatment of collapse in complex layered rock tunnel [J].Northwest Hydropower,2010(3):50 -53.
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