地震正演模型应用(Ⅱ):用地震正演叠前炮集记录模拟方法定量解释薄砂岩的各向异性(英文)
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摘要
叠前地震正演模拟可以获得比叠后正演更多的有用信息,例如能够用于含有各向异性特征的精细速度建模的信息。塔里木盆地下石炭统存在砂泥岩互层,偶见石膏、砾岩和煤层。砂泥岩薄互层中的速度差异可能导致各向异性,但是利用常规的地震方法很难识别和定量描述各向异性。由叠前各向同性正演获得的炮集,证明砂泥岩中存在各向异性,通过迭代生成的理论合成炮集与实际原始炮集相对比,可以定量描述各向异性,结果证明在该区砂泥岩层存在5%的横向各向同性,其高速传播方向为水平面。
Pre-stack seismic modeling reveals information unattainable from post-stack seismic modeling,for example which can be used to refine a velocity model by the inclusion of anisotropy.The sandstone-mudstone member of the Tarim Basin is a Lower Carboniferous interbedded sandstone and mudstone,with occasional interbeds of gypsum,conglomerate,and coal.It has been suspected that the sandstone-mudstone member may be anisotropic due to the thin interbedding of contrasting velocity beds,but verifying and quantifying the anisotropy is difficult with conventional seismic techniques.Pre-stack isotropic modeling of seismic shot-gathers however proves that the sandstone-mudstone member is anisotropic.Iterative modeling whereby synthetic pre-stack shot-gathers are compared with the original shot-gather can be used to quantify the anisotropy,showing that the sandstone-mudstone member is approximately 5% transversely isotropic,with a fast horizontal plane.Figure 4 reference 9.
Pre-stack seismic modeling reveals information unattainable from post-stack seismic modeling,for example which can be used to refine a velocity model by the inclusion of anisotropy.The sandstone-mudstone member of the Tarim Basin is a Lower Carboniferous interbedded sandstone and mudstone,with occasional interbeds of gypsum,conglomerate,and coal.It has been suspected that the sandstone-mudstone member may be anisotropic due to the thin interbedding of contrasting velocity beds,but verifying and quantifying the anisotropy is difficult with conventional seismic techniques.Pre-stack isotropic modeling of seismic shot-gathers however proves that the sandstone-mudstone member is anisotropic.Iterative modeling whereby synthetic pre-stack shot-gathers are compared with the original shot-gather can be used to quantify the anisotropy,showing that the sandstone-mudstone member is approximately 5% transversely isotropic,with a fast horizontal plane.Figure 4 reference 9.
引文
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[2]CHEN Z Q,SHI G R.Late Paleozoic depositional history of theTari m Basin,northwest China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(3):1323-1354.
[3]Tari m Oilfield Company.Yangwu-2 well logs report[R].Xinjiang:PetroChina Tari m Oilfield Company,1999.
[4]Tari m Oilfield Company.Hade-11 well logs report[R].Xinjiang:PetroChina Tari m Oilfield Company,2002.
[5]Tari m Oilfield Company.Hade-11 core interpretation[R].Xinjiang:PetroChina Tari m Oilfield Company,2002.
[6]Mclean B F.Investigations in seismic forward modeling with areformatted wave equation,leading to quantitative characterizationof the Donghe sandstone and transversely isotropic strata in theHade area,Tari m Basin[D].Beijing:Research Institute ofPetroleum Exploration&Development,PetroChina,2005.
[7]Carcione J M,Herman G C.Seismic modeling[J].Geophysics,2002,67(4):1304-1325.
[8]Cerjan C,Kosloff D,Kosloff R,et al.A non-reflecting boundarycondition for discrete acoustic and elastic wave equations[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):705-708.
[9]Okaya D A,Mcevilly T V.Elastic wave propagationin anisotropiccrustal material possessing arbitrary internal tilt[J].GeophysicalJournal International,2003,153(5):344-358.
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