利用微测井资料补偿地震数据的高频成分
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摘要
沙漠地区低降速带沙层是导致地震信号高频成分严重衰减的主要原因。为此可利用微测井直达波资料,采用最佳维纳滤波方法,求出不同厚度低降速带地层的吸收补偿反滤波器来补偿地震数据的高频成分。文中简要介绍了吸收补偿反滤波器的原理,并应用吸收补偿反滤波器对常规叠加数据进行处理。处理前、后资料的对比表明,经吸收补偿处理的频谱能显著拓宽叠加数据目的层的优势信噪比带宽,增加高频成分的相对能量,提高叠加剖面的分辨率。此种吸收补偿处理还可以保护低频成分。用此方法补偿地震信号的高频衰减要比反Q滤波法效果好。
The Low Velocity Layer zone (LVL) in desert area is main reason causing serious high-frequency attenuation of seismic data. For that reason, it should adopt direct wave data of uphole survey,use optimum Wiener filtering method and compute inverse filter for compensating absorption of LVL in different thickness to compensate the high-frequency components of seismic data. The paper briefly introduced the principle of inverse filter for compensating absorption and applied the inverse filter for compensating absorption to process the common stack data. The correlation between the pre-and post-processing data showed the spectral ener- gy after the processing of compensating absorption can significantly broaden the bandwidth of dominant signal-to-noise of stack data in targets, increase relative energy of high-frequency components and improve the resolution of stack section. Meanwhile, the method can also protect the low-frequency components. Using the method to compensate the high-frequency attenuation of seismic signal is better and easier than inverse-Q filter.
The Low Velocity Layer zone (LVL) in desert area is main reason causing serious high-frequency attenuation of seismic data. For that reason, it should adopt direct wave data of uphole survey,use optimum Wiener filtering method and compute inverse filter for compensating absorption of LVL in different thickness to compensate the high-frequency components of seismic data. The paper briefly introduced the principle of inverse filter for compensating absorption and applied the inverse filter for compensating absorption to process the common stack data. The correlation between the pre-and post-processing data showed the spectral ener- gy after the processing of compensating absorption can significantly broaden the bandwidth of dominant signal-to-noise of stack data in targets, increase relative energy of high-frequency components and improve the resolution of stack section. Meanwhile, the method can also protect the low-frequency components. Using the method to compensate the high-frequency attenuation of seismic signal is better and easier than inverse-Q filter.
引文
[1] 黄永平等．高分辨率三维地震勘探技术在莫北2井 区的应用．石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1):75-78
[2] 胡承元．沙漠区高分辨率地震数据采集技术研究．石 油物探,1998,37(4):1-13
[3] 董世学等．检波器-地表耦合系统对地震记录的影 响．地球物理学报,2001,44(增刊):161-169
[4] 赵建勋．反Q滤波应用．石油地球物理勘探,1986, 21(4):410-421
[5] Bale R and Jakubowicz H. Inverse-Q filtering of seismic data. Presented at 56th SEG.1986
[6] 姚振兴等．用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反 Q滤波方法．地球物理学报,2003,46(2):229-233
[7] Satinder C et al. High-frequency restoration of surface seismic data. The Leading Edge, 2003, 22 (8): 730-738
[8] 杨德义,牛良生．用简易微测井法进行低速带调查．中 国煤田地质,1997,9(4):68-69
[9] 胡中平等．纵横波浅层折射和纵横波微测井方法联合 应用研究．石油物探,1998,37(1):89-94
[10] 李刚等微测井技术在地震资料静校正处理中的应 用．大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4):80-81
[11] 杨德义．地震勘探常规低降速带调查方法应用中的 问题探讨．物探与化探,2003,27(5):387-390
[12] 地震勘探资料处理与解释．中石油培训教材,2003
[13] Yilmaz O. Seismic Data Analysis(Volume I). SEG, 2001,255-258
[2] 胡承元．沙漠区高分辨率地震数据采集技术研究．石 油物探,1998,37(4):1-13
[3] 董世学等．检波器-地表耦合系统对地震记录的影 响．地球物理学报,2001,44(增刊):161-169
[4] 赵建勋．反Q滤波应用．石油地球物理勘探,1986, 21(4):410-421
[5] Bale R and Jakubowicz H. Inverse-Q filtering of seismic data. Presented at 56th SEG.1986
[6] 姚振兴等．用于深度域地震剖面衰减与频散补偿的反 Q滤波方法．地球物理学报,2003,46(2):229-233
[7] Satinder C et al. High-frequency restoration of surface seismic data. The Leading Edge, 2003, 22 (8): 730-738
[8] 杨德义,牛良生．用简易微测井法进行低速带调查．中 国煤田地质,1997,9(4):68-69
[9] 胡中平等．纵横波浅层折射和纵横波微测井方法联合 应用研究．石油物探,1998,37(1):89-94
[10] 李刚等微测井技术在地震资料静校正处理中的应 用．大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4):80-81
[11] 杨德义．地震勘探常规低降速带调查方法应用中的 问题探讨．物探与化探,2003,27(5):387-390
[12] 地震勘探资料处理与解释．中石油培训教材,2003
[13] Yilmaz O. Seismic Data Analysis(Volume I). SEG, 2001,255-258
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