我国抗震设计规范设计反应谱及谱阻尼折减系数研究
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摘要
在标准加速度反应谱基础上,研究并建立符合强震反应谱统计特征的谱阻尼折减系数是建立长周期、大阻尼比反应谱的一种实用方法。首先研究总结强震反应谱的统计特征,据此对我国建筑物、构筑物、核电厂、公路桥梁、工业企业电气设备等结构的抗震设计规范反应谱及谱阻尼折减系数的合理性进行定性研究,对已有改进抗震规范谱方案的合理性进行分析。结果表明:周期10 s内的相对位移反应谱值和相对速度反应谱值随阻尼比增大而减小,而绝对加速度反应谱值随阻尼比增大既可能增大也可能减小;我国各类结构抗震设计规范谱阻尼折减系数计算方案不甚合理;对规范谱及由有关学者提出的改进方案谱进行转换仅能得到适用范围有限的拟相对位移反应谱。
The determination of the damping reduction factors of acceleration spectra that match the statistical characteristics of strong ground motions,based on the normalized acceleration spectra specified in the seismic codes,is a practical method to construct the design response spectra for long-period structures with damping ratios higher than 0.05.Statistical characteristics of earthquake response spectra were summarized first.Then qualitative investigations on the rationality of the seismic design spectra and spectral damping reduction factors in various Chinese seismic design codes including the codes for buildings,special structures,nuclear power plants,highway bridges and electrical facilities in industrial plants were performed.In addition,rationality of the improved seismic code spectra and spectral damping reduction factors was also discussed.The results show that values of both relative displacement spectra and relative velocity spectra will decrease along with the increase of the damping ratio.Values of absolute acceleration spectra will either decrease or increase along with the increase of the damping ratio.There are still no appropriate evaluation expressions for the damping reduction factors in the Chinese seismic design codes.The pseudo relative displacement spectra obtained from converting acceleration spectra in Chinese seismic design codes or modified acceleration spectra proposed by some researchers are only suitable for the seismic design of short-period structures with lower damping ratios.
The determination of the damping reduction factors of acceleration spectra that match the statistical characteristics of strong ground motions,based on the normalized acceleration spectra specified in the seismic codes,is a practical method to construct the design response spectra for long-period structures with damping ratios higher than 0.05.Statistical characteristics of earthquake response spectra were summarized first.Then qualitative investigations on the rationality of the seismic design spectra and spectral damping reduction factors in various Chinese seismic design codes including the codes for buildings,special structures,nuclear power plants,highway bridges and electrical facilities in industrial plants were performed.In addition,rationality of the improved seismic code spectra and spectral damping reduction factors was also discussed.The results show that values of both relative displacement spectra and relative velocity spectra will decrease along with the increase of the damping ratio.Values of absolute acceleration spectra will either decrease or increase along with the increase of the damping ratio.There are still no appropriate evaluation expressions for the damping reduction factors in the Chinese seismic design codes.The pseudo relative displacement spectra obtained from converting acceleration spectra in Chinese seismic design codes or modified acceleration spectra proposed by some researchers are only suitable for the seismic design of short-period structures with lower damping ratios.
引文
[1]GB 50011—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.(GB 50011—2001 Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2002.(in Chinese))
[2]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB 50011—2010 Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[3]DGJ 08-9—2003建筑抗震设计规程[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003.(DGJ 08-9—2003 Code forseismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaPlannning Press,2003.(in Chinese))
[4]CECS 160:2004建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)[S].北京:中国计划出版社2,004.(CECS 160:2004 General rule for performance-based seismicdesign of buildings[S].Beijing:China PlanningPress,2004.(in Chinese))
[5]GB 50267—1997核电厂抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1998.(GB 50267—1997 Code forseismic design of nuclear power plants[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1998.(in Chinese))
[6]JTG/TB 02-01—2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社2,008.(JTG/T B02-01—2008Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008.(inChinese))
[7]GB 50111—2006铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].2009版.北京:中国计划出版社,2009.(GB50111—2006 Code for seismic design of railwayengineering[S].2009 Version.Beijing:ChinaPlanning Press,2009.(in Chinese))
[8]GB 50556—2010工业企业电气设备抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2010.(GB 50556—2010 Code for seismic design of electrical facilities inindustrial plants[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[9]SH 3048—1999石油化工钢制设备抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国石化出版社,1999.(SH 3048—1999Seismic design specification for petrochemical steelfacilities[S].Beijing:China Petrochemical Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[10]Naeim F,Kircher C A.On the damping adjustmentfactors for earthquake response spectra[J].TheStructural Design of Tall Buildings,2001,10(5):361-369.
[11]王亚勇,戴国莹.《建筑抗震设计规范》的发展沿革和最新修订[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(6):2-16.(WANG Yayong,DAI Guoying.Evolution and presentupdation of‘Code for seismic design of buildings’[J].Journal of Building Structures,2010,31(6):2-16.(in Chinese))
[12]Newmark N M,Hall W J.Earthquake spectra anddesign[R].Oakland:Earthquake Engineering ResearchInstitute,1982:29-47.
[13]Wu J P,Hanson R D.Inelastic response spectra withhigh damping[J].Journal of the Structural DivisionASCE,1989,115(6):1412-1431.
[14]LIN Yuyuan,TSAI Menghao,CHANG Kuochung.Onthe discussion of the damping reduction factors in theconstant acceleration region for ATC-40 and FEMA 273[J].Earthquake Spectra,2003,19(4):1001-1006.
[15]LIN Yuyuan,CHANG Kuochung.Study on dampingreduction factor for buildings under earthquake groundmotions[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2003,129(2):206-214.
[16]LIN Yuyuan,CHANG Kuochung.Effects of site classeson damping reduction factors[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,2004,130(11):1667-1675.
[17]LIN Yuyuan,Eduardo M,CHANG Kuochung.Evaluation of damping reduction factors for estimatingelastic response of structures with high damping[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(11):1427-1443.
[18]Bommer J J,Mendis R.Scaling of spectraldisplacement ordinates with damping ratios[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(2):145-165.
[19]Wanda I C,Russell A G.Damping correction factors forhorizontal ground-motion response spectra[J].Bulletinof the Seismological Society of America,2007,97(3):934-960.
[20]曹加良,施卫星,刘文光,等.长周期结构相对位移反应谱研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(7):63-70.(CAO Jialiang,SHI Weixing,LIU Wenguang,et al.Study on relative displacement response spectrum oflong-period structures[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2011,30(7):63-70.(in Chinese))
[21]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006:135-138.(HU Yuxian.Earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2006:135-138.(inChinese))
[22]谢礼立,周雍年,胡成祥,等.地震动反应谱的长周期特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(1):1-20.(XIE Lili,ZHOU Yongnian,HU Chengxiang,et al.Characteristics of response spectra of long-periodearthquake ground motion[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration,1990,10(1):1-20.(inChinese))
[23]曹加良.高层隔震结构基于反应谱理论的地震响应预测研究[D].广州:广州大学,2009:17-69.(CAOJialiang.Research on seismic response prediction ofhigh-rise isolated structures based on theory of responsespectra[D].Guangzhou:Guangzhou University,2009:17-69.(in Chinese))
[24]周雍年,周正华,于海英.设计反应谱长周期区段的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):15-18.(ZHOU Yongnian,ZHOU Zhenghua,YU Haiying.A study on long period portion of design spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(2):15-18.(in Chinese))
[25]王曙光,杜东升,刘伟庆,等.隔震结构不同阻尼比地震影响系数曲线的改进研究[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(3):112-119.(WANG Shuguang,DUDongsheng,LIU Weiqing,et al.Research on seismicinfluence coefficient of seismic isolated structure withdifferent damping ratio[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2009,30(3):112-119.(in Chinese))
[2]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB 50011—2010 Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[3]DGJ 08-9—2003建筑抗震设计规程[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003.(DGJ 08-9—2003 Code forseismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaPlannning Press,2003.(in Chinese))
[4]CECS 160:2004建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)[S].北京:中国计划出版社2,004.(CECS 160:2004 General rule for performance-based seismicdesign of buildings[S].Beijing:China PlanningPress,2004.(in Chinese))
[5]GB 50267—1997核电厂抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1998.(GB 50267—1997 Code forseismic design of nuclear power plants[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,1998.(in Chinese))
[6]JTG/TB 02-01—2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社2,008.(JTG/T B02-01—2008Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008.(inChinese))
[7]GB 50111—2006铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].2009版.北京:中国计划出版社,2009.(GB50111—2006 Code for seismic design of railwayengineering[S].2009 Version.Beijing:ChinaPlanning Press,2009.(in Chinese))
[8]GB 50556—2010工业企业电气设备抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2010.(GB 50556—2010 Code for seismic design of electrical facilities inindustrial plants[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[9]SH 3048—1999石油化工钢制设备抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国石化出版社,1999.(SH 3048—1999Seismic design specification for petrochemical steelfacilities[S].Beijing:China Petrochemical Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[10]Naeim F,Kircher C A.On the damping adjustmentfactors for earthquake response spectra[J].TheStructural Design of Tall Buildings,2001,10(5):361-369.
[11]王亚勇,戴国莹.《建筑抗震设计规范》的发展沿革和最新修订[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(6):2-16.(WANG Yayong,DAI Guoying.Evolution and presentupdation of‘Code for seismic design of buildings’[J].Journal of Building Structures,2010,31(6):2-16.(in Chinese))
[12]Newmark N M,Hall W J.Earthquake spectra anddesign[R].Oakland:Earthquake Engineering ResearchInstitute,1982:29-47.
[13]Wu J P,Hanson R D.Inelastic response spectra withhigh damping[J].Journal of the Structural DivisionASCE,1989,115(6):1412-1431.
[14]LIN Yuyuan,TSAI Menghao,CHANG Kuochung.Onthe discussion of the damping reduction factors in theconstant acceleration region for ATC-40 and FEMA 273[J].Earthquake Spectra,2003,19(4):1001-1006.
[15]LIN Yuyuan,CHANG Kuochung.Study on dampingreduction factor for buildings under earthquake groundmotions[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2003,129(2):206-214.
[16]LIN Yuyuan,CHANG Kuochung.Effects of site classeson damping reduction factors[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering,2004,130(11):1667-1675.
[17]LIN Yuyuan,Eduardo M,CHANG Kuochung.Evaluation of damping reduction factors for estimatingelastic response of structures with high damping[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(11):1427-1443.
[18]Bommer J J,Mendis R.Scaling of spectraldisplacement ordinates with damping ratios[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(2):145-165.
[19]Wanda I C,Russell A G.Damping correction factors forhorizontal ground-motion response spectra[J].Bulletinof the Seismological Society of America,2007,97(3):934-960.
[20]曹加良,施卫星,刘文光,等.长周期结构相对位移反应谱研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(7):63-70.(CAO Jialiang,SHI Weixing,LIU Wenguang,et al.Study on relative displacement response spectrum oflong-period structures[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2011,30(7):63-70.(in Chinese))
[21]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006:135-138.(HU Yuxian.Earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2006:135-138.(inChinese))
[22]谢礼立,周雍年,胡成祥,等.地震动反应谱的长周期特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(1):1-20.(XIE Lili,ZHOU Yongnian,HU Chengxiang,et al.Characteristics of response spectra of long-periodearthquake ground motion[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration,1990,10(1):1-20.(inChinese))
[23]曹加良.高层隔震结构基于反应谱理论的地震响应预测研究[D].广州:广州大学,2009:17-69.(CAOJialiang.Research on seismic response prediction ofhigh-rise isolated structures based on theory of responsespectra[D].Guangzhou:Guangzhou University,2009:17-69.(in Chinese))
[24]周雍年,周正华,于海英.设计反应谱长周期区段的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(2):15-18.(ZHOU Yongnian,ZHOU Zhenghua,YU Haiying.A study on long period portion of design spectra[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(2):15-18.(in Chinese))
[25]王曙光,杜东升,刘伟庆,等.隔震结构不同阻尼比地震影响系数曲线的改进研究[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(3):112-119.(WANG Shuguang,DUDongsheng,LIU Weiqing,et al.Research on seismicinfluence coefficient of seismic isolated structure withdifferent damping ratio[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2009,30(3):112-119.(in Chinese))
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