基于散射成像数值模拟的地震采集参数论证
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摘要
基于地质地球物理模型论证地震采集参数技术,是保证地震采集设计科学化、实用化的重要手段。目前国内外广泛应用的地震数据采集参数论证软件都是基于反射波的射线理论,但在构造复杂、地层倾角较陡或岩性横向突变时,在地表往往接收不到反射波,但可以接收到不均匀体产生的散射波,因此可以考虑基于散射波的地震成像。对基于地震散射波成像的数值模拟方法进行了讨论;通过对勘探目标的地质地球物理模型的正、反演,进行了地震采集参数的论证和观测系统的优化设计;并对优化设计的观测系统和老观测系统的三维偏移剖面进行了对比。应用实例说明,通过论证的优化观测系统,能大大改善剖面的品质,对地下复杂地质体精确成像。
The technique to demonstrate seismic acquisition parameters based on the geologic and geophysical model is an important method to ensure seismic acquisition designs scientific and practicality. At present the software being used widely to demonstrate seismic acquisition parameters (e. g. KLSeis, Lush-an etc. ) are all based on the rays way theory of the reflection wave. When is the complicated geologic structure, the dip of the layer is steep or the lateral lithology is abrupt change, the reflection waves are not received. But the scattered waves of heterogeneity bodies' procreant are received on earth surface. So it is viable to imaging based on the scattered waves. The paper demonstrates seismic acquisition parameters and optimizes geometry design based on the scattered wave imaging numerical simulation method and studies the geologic and geophysical model of the exploration object forward and inverse calculation. Desirable geological results were reached.
The technique to demonstrate seismic acquisition parameters based on the geologic and geophysical model is an important method to ensure seismic acquisition designs scientific and practicality. At present the software being used widely to demonstrate seismic acquisition parameters (e. g. KLSeis, Lush-an etc. ) are all based on the rays way theory of the reflection wave. When is the complicated geologic structure, the dip of the layer is steep or the lateral lithology is abrupt change, the reflection waves are not received. But the scattered waves of heterogeneity bodies' procreant are received on earth surface. So it is viable to imaging based on the scattered waves. The paper demonstrates seismic acquisition parameters and optimizes geometry design based on the scattered wave imaging numerical simulation method and studies the geologic and geophysical model of the exploration object forward and inverse calculation. Desirable geological results were reached.
引文
1吴如山,安艺敬一.地震波的散射与衰减[M].李裕澈,卢寿德译.北京:地震出版社,1993.325
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4黄雪继.地震波散射场相位移法波动方程正演模拟[D]:[学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2003
5黄联捷,吴如山.垂向非均匀背景多频背向散射层析成像[J].地球物理学报,37(1):87-100
6 Clayton R W, Stolt R H. A Born-WKBJ inversion method for acoustic reflection data[J], Geophysics, 1981,46(11):1559-1567
7 Wu R S, Huang L J,Xie X B. Backscattered Wave calculation using the De Wolf approximation and a phase-screen propagator: Expanded Abstracts of the Technical Program[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 65th Annual Internal SEG Mtg, 1995,1 293-1 296
8 David W E. Weak elatic-wave scattering from massive sulfide orebodies[J]. Geophysics, 1999,64(1):289 -299
9 Kosloff D D, Baysal E. Forward modeling by a Fourier method[J]. Geophysics, 1982,47( 10) :1402-1 412
10 Wu R S, Aki K. Scattering characteristics of elastic wave by an elastic heterogeneity [J]: Geophysics. 1985,50(4) :582-595
11 Wu R S, Aki K. Elastic wave scattering by a random medium and the small scale inhomogeneities in the lithosphere [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1985b,90(B21): 10 261-10 273
12 Wu R S, Huang L J. Scattered field calculation in het-erogenous media using a phase-screen propagator: Expanded Abstracts of the Technical Program [J]. Expanded Abstracts of 62nd Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 1992,1289-1292
13 Wu R S. Wide-angle elastic wave one-way progation in heterogeneous media and an elastic wave complex-screen method[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994,99(B1):751-766
2安艺敬一,理查兹P G.定量地震学理论和方法(第二卷)[M].唐美华,吴宁远译.北京:地震出版社,1986.406
3杜世通.地震波动力学[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1996.375
4黄雪继.地震波散射场相位移法波动方程正演模拟[D]:[学位论文].北京:中国地质大学,2003
5黄联捷,吴如山.垂向非均匀背景多频背向散射层析成像[J].地球物理学报,37(1):87-100
6 Clayton R W, Stolt R H. A Born-WKBJ inversion method for acoustic reflection data[J], Geophysics, 1981,46(11):1559-1567
7 Wu R S, Huang L J,Xie X B. Backscattered Wave calculation using the De Wolf approximation and a phase-screen propagator: Expanded Abstracts of the Technical Program[J]. Expanded Abstracts of 65th Annual Internal SEG Mtg, 1995,1 293-1 296
8 David W E. Weak elatic-wave scattering from massive sulfide orebodies[J]. Geophysics, 1999,64(1):289 -299
9 Kosloff D D, Baysal E. Forward modeling by a Fourier method[J]. Geophysics, 1982,47( 10) :1402-1 412
10 Wu R S, Aki K. Scattering characteristics of elastic wave by an elastic heterogeneity [J]: Geophysics. 1985,50(4) :582-595
11 Wu R S, Aki K. Elastic wave scattering by a random medium and the small scale inhomogeneities in the lithosphere [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1985b,90(B21): 10 261-10 273
12 Wu R S, Huang L J. Scattered field calculation in het-erogenous media using a phase-screen propagator: Expanded Abstracts of the Technical Program [J]. Expanded Abstracts of 62nd Annual Internat SEG Mtg, 1992,1289-1292
13 Wu R S. Wide-angle elastic wave one-way progation in heterogeneous media and an elastic wave complex-screen method[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994,99(B1):751-766
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