塔里木盆地QK地区岩石可钻性实验研究
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摘要
塔里木盆地QK地区钻井工程地质条件复杂,主要油气层埋藏较深,基本在4000～6000m之间,钻井工程总体上面临以下难点:深井、超深井多;含油层系多,已发现的七套含油气层自下而上依次为奥陶系、石炭系、三叠系、侏罗系、白垩系、下第三系和上第三系,加上地层物性变化较大,地层压力系统多而复杂,地层中含有高低压盐水层,同时存在岩盐层和复合盐膏层以及巨厚泥页岩和风华壳,给钻井施工带来许多困难。文章对该地区5口井7个层位的岩样进行了实验分析,对影响深部地层机械钻速的岩石力学特性进行了定量描述。根据该地区可钻性测定值范围,结合大量钻头统计资料确定的地层可钻性级别与钻头类型之间的对应关系,钻头选型可参照此优选。
The geological condition for the drilling engineering in QK Tarim Basin area is complicated,the main reservoirs are in great depth,which ranges from 4000m to 6000m,in general,the drilling engineering is faced with the following difficulties:Deep and ultra-deep wells are in gteat numbers;too many oil-bearing layers,and the seven oil and gas-bearing sets from the bottom to the top are Ordovician,Carboniferous,Triassic,Jurassic,Cretaceous,Paleogene and Neogene,besides the formation properties vary greatly,and the formation pressure systems are complex and in great numbers,and the formation contains high and low saline layers,and there also exsit rock salt layer and the composite salt-gypsum layer and thick mud shale and elegance shell.These problems all brought great difficulties to the drilling engineering.In this paper,experimental analysis of the rock samples from the 5 wells of the 7-layers in the region is conducted and a quantitative description is made about the mechanics characteristics which affecting the penetration rate of rocks in deep formations.According to the scope of the drillability measured values in this region,combined with a large number of statistical data,we could determine the relationship between the level of the formation drillability and the types of the drilling bit,aslo the bits selection may use these as a reference to optimization.
The geological condition for the drilling engineering in QK Tarim Basin area is complicated,the main reservoirs are in great depth,which ranges from 4000m to 6000m,in general,the drilling engineering is faced with the following difficulties:Deep and ultra-deep wells are in gteat numbers;too many oil-bearing layers,and the seven oil and gas-bearing sets from the bottom to the top are Ordovician,Carboniferous,Triassic,Jurassic,Cretaceous,Paleogene and Neogene,besides the formation properties vary greatly,and the formation pressure systems are complex and in great numbers,and the formation contains high and low saline layers,and there also exsit rock salt layer and the composite salt-gypsum layer and thick mud shale and elegance shell.These problems all brought great difficulties to the drilling engineering.In this paper,experimental analysis of the rock samples from the 5 wells of the 7-layers in the region is conducted and a quantitative description is made about the mechanics characteristics which affecting the penetration rate of rocks in deep formations.According to the scope of the drillability measured values in this region,combined with a large number of statistical data,we could determine the relationship between the level of the formation drillability and the types of the drilling bit,aslo the bits selection may use these as a reference to optimization.
引文
[1]鲁凡.岩石可钻性分级的讨论及可钻性精确测量[J].超硬材料工程,2007,19(2):24-29.
[2]李祖奎,李春城,等.利用声波测井资料预测地层可钻性及钻速的试验研究[J].焦作工学院学报,1999,18(3):178-181.
[3]范翔宇,夏宏泉,等.利用地震层速度预测地层可钻性和钻速的新方法[J].钻采工艺,2007,30(1):4-6.
[4]张磊,程娣,张锐.英买力地区岩石抗钻特性岩性预测和地层可钻性剖面研究[J].钻采工艺,2007,30(4):26-28.
[5]李玮,闫铁,毕雪亮.压差下实钻岩石可钻性模型及破岩机理分析[J].天然气工业,2008,28(10):70-72.
[6]张伯文,郭艳洁,陆建宏.简便易行的地层可钻性求取和钻速预测方法[J].天然气工业,2001,21(增刊):98-101.
[7]薛亚东,高德利.深部实钻地层可钻性评测新方法[J].地下空间,2001,21(5):461-464.
[2]李祖奎,李春城,等.利用声波测井资料预测地层可钻性及钻速的试验研究[J].焦作工学院学报,1999,18(3):178-181.
[3]范翔宇,夏宏泉,等.利用地震层速度预测地层可钻性和钻速的新方法[J].钻采工艺,2007,30(1):4-6.
[4]张磊,程娣,张锐.英买力地区岩石抗钻特性岩性预测和地层可钻性剖面研究[J].钻采工艺,2007,30(4):26-28.
[5]李玮,闫铁,毕雪亮.压差下实钻岩石可钻性模型及破岩机理分析[J].天然气工业,2008,28(10):70-72.
[6]张伯文,郭艳洁,陆建宏.简便易行的地层可钻性求取和钻速预测方法[J].天然气工业,2001,21(增刊):98-101.
[7]薛亚东,高德利.深部实钻地层可钻性评测新方法[J].地下空间,2001,21(5):461-464.
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