克拉2气田天然气成藏主控因素分析
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摘要
文章围绕连接气源岩与圈闭的有效运移通道的高效输导效率问题 ,分析了克拉 2气田成藏的主控因素。克拉 2构造有效运移通道为盐下断裂F2 ,断裂活动时期产生优势裂隙造成负压 ,抽吸早期生成于侏罗系、三叠系烃源岩中的天然气 ,诱导其向断裂带中运移 ,即为“地震泵”抽吸作用。之后大规模天然气在构造挤压应力和超压的驱动下沿断裂带快速运移并充注于圈闭中 ,由于“入字型”的散失断裂不直接连接圈闭 ,因此充注到圈闭中的天然气不会大量散失。断层停止活动后 ,穿盐断裂F1受压很快垂向封闭 ,侧向砂泥对接以及良好的盖层品质使天然气得以保存。
The main control factor of forming Kela-2 gas field is analyzed around the transmission efficiency problem of the effective migration channel connecting gas source rocks and traps in the paper.The fault F 2 under the satl layer was an efficient migration channel for Kela-2 structure.The negative pressures caused by the fractures formed in fault activity period might inhale the gas accumulated early in the sands included in hydrocarbon source beds and induce it to be migrated into the fracture zone,i.e. so-called“seismic pump”inhaling effect;then,under the driving of tectonic extrusion stresses and overpressures,a vast amount of gas was quickly migrated along the fault zone and charged into the traps; and,because the extensional λ-type fault didn′t directly connect with the traps,the gas charged into them wouldn′t be lost.After the fault activity′s being ended,the fault F 1 through salt layer was quickly closed.The butted joint of sandstones and mudstones and the good quality cap rocks caused the natural gas to be preserved in the traps.
The main control factor of forming Kela-2 gas field is analyzed around the transmission efficiency problem of the effective migration channel connecting gas source rocks and traps in the paper.The fault F 2 under the satl layer was an efficient migration channel for Kela-2 structure.The negative pressures caused by the fractures formed in fault activity period might inhale the gas accumulated early in the sands included in hydrocarbon source beds and induce it to be migrated into the fracture zone,i.e. so-called“seismic pump”inhaling effect;then,under the driving of tectonic extrusion stresses and overpressures,a vast amount of gas was quickly migrated along the fault zone and charged into the traps; and,because the extensional λ-type fault didn′t directly connect with the traps,the gas charged into them wouldn′t be lost.After the fault activity′s being ended,the fault F 1 through salt layer was quickly closed.The butted joint of sandstones and mudstones and the good quality cap rocks caused the natural gas to be preserved in the traps.
引文
王招明等,库车前陆盆地2001年勘探目标选择与评价,2001。
付晓飞等,库车坳陷典型构造天然气运移过程物理模拟,石油学报,待刊。
1 徐士林,吕修祥,皮学军,杨明慧,刘洛夫.新疆库车坳陷克拉苏构造带异常高压及其成藏效应.现代地质,2002;16(3):282～286
2 李剑,谢增业,李志生,罗霞,胡国艺,宫色.塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然气气源对比.石油勘探与开发,2001;28(4):29～33
3 卢双舫,赵孟军,付广,王朋岩.塔里木盆地库车油气系统富气的主控因素分析.大庆石油学院学报,2001;25(3):10～13
4 王红军,胡见义.库车坳陷白垩系含油气系统与高压气藏的形成.天然气工业,2002;22(1):5～7
5 周兴熙.库车油气系统成藏作用与成藏模式.石油勘探与开发,2001;28(2):8～10
6 吕延防,付广,高大岭.油气藏盖层研究.北京:石油工业出版社,1996;118～120
7 张鼐.库车坳陷克拉苏构造带有机包裹体特征及对油气成藏的指示意义.石油勘探与开发,2001;28(4):57～60
8 闫福礼,贾东,卢华复.东营凹陷油气运移的地震泵作用.石油与天然气地质,1998;20(4):295～298
9 SibsonRH ,MoorreJM ,RankinAH .Seismicpumping-ahydrothermalfluidtransportmechanism.JournalofGeologi calSociety,1975;131:653～659
10 HooperECD .,Fluidmigrationalonggrowthfaultincom pactingsediments.JournalofPetroleumGeology,1991;14:161～180
11 SibsonRH .Conditionforrapidlarge-volumeflow.Are bartGB .HulstonJR ,eds.WaterRockInteractionWRI -9.Netherlands:AABalkama,1998;35～39
12 刘亮明.断层带中超压流体及其在地震和成矿中的作用.地球科学进展,2001;16(2):238～243
13 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移.沉积学报,1995;3(2):77～85
14 赵伦山,岑况,叶荣.热液流体泵吸上侵管流动力学模拟及其预测意义.2000;l7(1):205～215
15 周兴熙.库车坳陷第三系盐膏质盖层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用.古地理学报,2000;2(4):51～57
16 付广,王朋岩,付晓飞.库车坳陷下第三系盖层封闭特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用.高校地质学报,2001;7(4):475～481
17 SmithDA .1966.Theoreticalconsiderationofsealingandnonsealingfaults.AAPGBulletin,50:363～374
付晓飞等,库车坳陷典型构造天然气运移过程物理模拟,石油学报,待刊。
1 徐士林,吕修祥,皮学军,杨明慧,刘洛夫.新疆库车坳陷克拉苏构造带异常高压及其成藏效应.现代地质,2002;16(3):282～286
2 李剑,谢增业,李志生,罗霞,胡国艺,宫色.塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然气气源对比.石油勘探与开发,2001;28(4):29～33
3 卢双舫,赵孟军,付广,王朋岩.塔里木盆地库车油气系统富气的主控因素分析.大庆石油学院学报,2001;25(3):10～13
4 王红军,胡见义.库车坳陷白垩系含油气系统与高压气藏的形成.天然气工业,2002;22(1):5～7
5 周兴熙.库车油气系统成藏作用与成藏模式.石油勘探与开发,2001;28(2):8～10
6 吕延防,付广,高大岭.油气藏盖层研究.北京:石油工业出版社,1996;118～120
7 张鼐.库车坳陷克拉苏构造带有机包裹体特征及对油气成藏的指示意义.石油勘探与开发,2001;28(4):57～60
8 闫福礼,贾东,卢华复.东营凹陷油气运移的地震泵作用.石油与天然气地质,1998;20(4):295～298
9 SibsonRH ,MoorreJM ,RankinAH .Seismicpumping-ahydrothermalfluidtransportmechanism.JournalofGeologi calSociety,1975;131:653～659
10 HooperECD .,Fluidmigrationalonggrowthfaultincom pactingsediments.JournalofPetroleumGeology,1991;14:161～180
11 SibsonRH .Conditionforrapidlarge-volumeflow.Are bartGB .HulstonJR ,eds.WaterRockInteractionWRI -9.Netherlands:AABalkama,1998;35～39
12 刘亮明.断层带中超压流体及其在地震和成矿中的作用.地球科学进展,2001;16(2):238～243
13 华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移.沉积学报,1995;3(2):77～85
14 赵伦山,岑况,叶荣.热液流体泵吸上侵管流动力学模拟及其预测意义.2000;l7(1):205～215
15 周兴熙.库车坳陷第三系盐膏质盖层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用.古地理学报,2000;2(4):51～57
16 付广,王朋岩,付晓飞.库车坳陷下第三系盖层封闭特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用.高校地质学报,2001;7(4):475～481
17 SmithDA .1966.Theoreticalconsiderationofsealingandnonsealingfaults.AAPGBulletin,50:363～374
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