水平液化场地土表位移简化理论解答
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摘要
水平液化场地地表往返位移的求解是基础和地下工程抗震设计的迫切需求。利用双层模型模拟实际水平场地,提出了可考虑液化层存在下的土表位移简化计算方法并给出频域理论解答,同时采用逐循环累计方法给出水平场地任意荷载下土表位移时域解答。采用适于水平场地孔压增量模型,并逐循环修正土层模量,模拟液化引起的土层的非线性过程。振动台试验结果和提出棋型的计算结果吻合,验证了所提方法能够反映土体液化对土表位移影响的基本过程。提出的方法和解答物理意义明确,可代表土体液化对土表位移影响的基本形态,并可用于频域及时域的无量纲分析。
A cyclic horizontal displacement solution of subsoil is of great concern in aseismic design of foundations and underground structures. Herein a double-layer model is adopted to simulate horizontal strata and to provide a theoretical simplified displacement solution in frequency domain which considers an existing liquefiable soil layer. Meanwhile,the relevant displacement of subsoil under arbitrary loading in time domain is also presented by the cycle-by-cycle method. Using a proper porewater pressure incremental model for horizontal soil strata,the moduli of subsoil is updated cycle by cycle to simulate the nonlinear process of subsoil caused by liquefaction. The results of shaking table test are consistent with the calculated results. It is shown that the method proposed can describe the process of liquefaction fundamental influence on subsoil displacement. The proposed method which is of clear physical meaning can represent the basic model of influence of liquefaction on subsoil displacement; and it can be used for non-dimensional analysis in time and frequency domains.
A cyclic horizontal displacement solution of subsoil is of great concern in aseismic design of foundations and underground structures. Herein a double-layer model is adopted to simulate horizontal strata and to provide a theoretical simplified displacement solution in frequency domain which considers an existing liquefiable soil layer. Meanwhile,the relevant displacement of subsoil under arbitrary loading in time domain is also presented by the cycle-by-cycle method. Using a proper porewater pressure incremental model for horizontal soil strata,the moduli of subsoil is updated cycle by cycle to simulate the nonlinear process of subsoil caused by liquefaction. The results of shaking table test are consistent with the calculated results. It is shown that the method proposed can describe the process of liquefaction fundamental influence on subsoil displacement. The proposed method which is of clear physical meaning can represent the basic model of influence of liquefaction on subsoil displacement; and it can be used for non-dimensional analysis in time and frequency domains.
引文
[1]刘汉龙,高玉峰,朱伟.地震液化区分布范围对地面大位移的影响[J].河海大学学学报,2001,29(5):1-6.LIU Han-long,GAO Yu-feng,ZHU Wei.Influence of liquefied area on large ground displacement[J].Journal of Hohai University,2001,29(5):1-6.
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[10]TOWHATA I,PARK J P,ORENSE R P.Use of spectrum intensity for immediate detection of subsoil liquefaction[J].Soils and Foundations,1996,36(2):29-44.
[11]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导引[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[12]KRAMER S L.Geotechnical earthquake engineering[M].New Jersey:Prentice Hall,1996.
[13]孟上九.不规则动荷载下土的残余变形及建筑物不均匀震陷研究[博士学位论文D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2002.
[14]陈龙伟,袁晓铭,孙锐.适于水平场地孔压发展的增量计算模型[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2010,18(增刊):189-199.CHEN Long-wei,YUAN Xiao-ming,SUN Rui.An incremental pore-water pressure build-up model for horizontal soil strata[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2010,18(Supp.):189-199.
[15]石兆吉,王兰民.土壤动力特性、液化势及危害性评价[M].北京:地震出版社,1999.
[2]刘恢先.唐山大地震震害[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.
[3]张建民.水平地基液化后大变形对桩基础的影响[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(5):75-78.ZHANG Jian-min.Effect of large horizontal post-liquefaction deformation of label ground on pile foundation[J].Journal of Building Structures,2001,22(5):75-78.
[4]王刚,张建民.地震液化问题研究进展[J].力学进展,2007,37(4):575-589.WANG Gang,ZHANG Jian-min.Recent advances in seismic liquefaction research[J].Advances in Mechanics,2007,37(4):575-589.
[5]张建民,王刚.砂土液化后大变形的机理[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(7):835-840.ZHANG Jian-min,WANG Gang.Mechanism of large post-earthquake deformation in saturated sand[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(7):835-840.
[6]袁晓铭,曹振中,孙锐,等.汶川8.0级地震液化特征初步研究[J].岩石力学和工程学报,2009,28(6):1288-1296.YUAN Xiao-ming,CAO Zhen-zhong,SUN Rui,et al.Preliminary research on liquefaction characteristics of Wenchuan8.0earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(6):1288-1296.
[7]CHEN Long-wei,YUAN Xiao-ming,CAO Zhen-zhong,et al.Liquefaction macrophenomena in the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,8(2):219-229.
[8]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[9]孙锐,袁晓铭,李雨润,等.循环荷载下液化对土层水平往返变形的影响[J].西北地震学报,2009,31(1):8-14.SUN Rui,YUAN Xiao-ming,LI Yu-run,et al.Effect of liquefaction on cyclic deformation of soil layers[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2009,31(1):8-14.
[10]TOWHATA I,PARK J P,ORENSE R P.Use of spectrum intensity for immediate detection of subsoil liquefaction[J].Soils and Foundations,1996,36(2):29-44.
[11]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导引[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[12]KRAMER S L.Geotechnical earthquake engineering[M].New Jersey:Prentice Hall,1996.
[13]孟上九.不规则动荷载下土的残余变形及建筑物不均匀震陷研究[博士学位论文D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2002.
[14]陈龙伟,袁晓铭,孙锐.适于水平场地孔压发展的增量计算模型[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2010,18(增刊):189-199.CHEN Long-wei,YUAN Xiao-ming,SUN Rui.An incremental pore-water pressure build-up model for horizontal soil strata[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2010,18(Supp.):189-199.
[15]石兆吉,王兰民.土壤动力特性、液化势及危害性评价[M].北京:地震出版社,1999.
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