汶川地震对三峡坝区和北京地区形变场的影响
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摘要
用球体位错理论计算了三峡坝区和北京地区由汶川地震(Ms8.0)产生的同震位移、应变、重力和大地水准面变化。对比2004年苏门答腊地震,汶川地震在三峡坝区产生的位移约为前者的一半,应变为前者的2~3倍;在北京地区产生的形变总体比前者小1~2个量级。
The co-seismic displacements,strains,geoid and gravity changes caused by the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake in Three Gorges and Beijing areas were calculated respectively.Compared with that caused by the Surmatra earthquake in 2004,in Three Gorges area the co-seismic displacements are about a half but the strains are about 2-3 times.In Beijing area the deformations are smaller than those of the 2004 Sumatra earthquake by 1-2 orders,totally.Thus,the possibility of strong induced earthquake is low in Three Gorges area,and is zero in Beijing area.
The co-seismic displacements,strains,geoid and gravity changes caused by the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake in Three Gorges and Beijing areas were calculated respectively.Compared with that caused by the Surmatra earthquake in 2004,in Three Gorges area the co-seismic displacements are about a half but the strains are about 2-3 times.In Beijing area the deformations are smaller than those of the 2004 Sumatra earthquake by 1-2 orders,totally.Thus,the possibility of strong induced earthquake is low in Three Gorges area,and is zero in Beijing area.
引文
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11 Sun W,Okubo S and Vanicek P.Global displacementcaused by dislocations in a realistic earth model[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101,8 561-8 577.
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14 Tanaka Y,Okuno J and Okubo S.A new method for thecomputation of global viscoelastic post-seismic deformationin a realistic earth model(II)-horizontal displacement[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2007,170,1 031-1 052.
15付广裕,孙文科.2004年苏门答腊地震引起的远场形变[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,28(2):1-7.15 Fu Guangyu and Sun Wenke.Far-field deformation causedby 2004 Sumatra earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy andGeodynamics,2008,28(2):1-7.(in Chinese)
16 Tsai V C,et al.Multiple CMTsource analysis of the 2004Sumatra earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2005,32,L17304,doi:10.1092/2005GL023813.
17 http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqinthenews/2008/us2008ryan/
2 Fu G and Sun W.Surface co-seismic gravity changes causedby dislocations in a 3-D heterogeneous earth[J].Geo-phys.J.Int.,2008,172:479-503.
3 Okada Y.Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faultsin a half-space[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,1985,75(4):1 135-1 154.
4 Okubo S.Potential and gravity changes raised by point dislo-cations[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1991,105:573-586.
5 Okubo S.Gravity and potential changes due to shear andtensile faults in half-space[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1992,97(B5):7 137-7 144.
6 Okubo S.Reciprocity theorem to compute the static deforma-tion due to a point dislocation buried in a spherically sym-metric Earth[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1993,115:921-928.
7 Pollitz F F.Gravitational viscoelastic post-seismic relaxa-tion on a layered spherical Earth[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1997,102:17 921-17 941.
8 Pollitz F F.Post-seismic relaxation theory on a laterally het-erogeneous viscoelastic model[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2003,155:57-78.
9 Sun W and Okubo S.Surface potential and gravity changesdue to internal dislocations in a spherical earth-I.theoryfor a point dislocation[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1993,114:569-592.
10 Sun W and Okubo S.Surface potential and gravity changesdue to internal dislocations in a spherical earth-П.ap-plication to a finite fault[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1998,132:79-88.
11 Sun W,Okubo S and Vanicek P.Global displacementcaused by dislocations in a realistic earth model[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1996,101,8 561-8 577.
12 Sun W,Okubo S and Fu G.Green’s functions of co-seis-mic strain changes and investigation of effect of earth’sspherical curvature and radial heterogeneity[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2006,167:1 273-1 291.
13 Tanaka Y,Okuno J and Okubo S.A new method for thecomputation of global viscoelastic post-seismic deformationin a realistic earth model(I)-vertical displacement andgravity variation[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2006,164:273-289.
14 Tanaka Y,Okuno J and Okubo S.A new method for thecomputation of global viscoelastic post-seismic deformationin a realistic earth model(II)-horizontal displacement[J].Geophys.J.Int.,2007,170,1 031-1 052.
15付广裕,孙文科.2004年苏门答腊地震引起的远场形变[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,28(2):1-7.15 Fu Guangyu and Sun Wenke.Far-field deformation causedby 2004 Sumatra earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy andGeodynamics,2008,28(2):1-7.(in Chinese)
16 Tsai V C,et al.Multiple CMTsource analysis of the 2004Sumatra earthquake[J].Geophys.Res.Lett.,2005,32,L17304,doi:10.1092/2005GL023813.
17 http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqinthenews/2008/us2008ryan/
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