塔河碳酸盐岩溶洞油藏的地震响应及频率差异分析
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摘要
通过对溶洞复合反射系数的系统研究 ,得出其地震响应具有振幅强、速度低和调谐性的特点 ,并对强反射形成的条件及不同充填物溶洞的反射特征进行探讨 ,认为在常规频率 (2 0～ 30Hz)的地震资料中可以观察到溶洞产生的强反射波。根据溶洞高度及填充物性质与信号频率之间的关系 ,研究开发了一种以波动方程为基础的频率差异分析预测技术。在塔河油田的应用表明 ,该技术可以从主频为 2 0～ 30Hz的常规地震资料中提取埋深 5 0 0 0m以上、宽度 10 0m以上、高度 3m以上的充填流体的溶洞的振幅 频率和速度 频率异常 ,异常表现出分区、分层和纵横向连通的特征。据此可预测溶洞的存在及其空间分布 ,并估算其高度。
Systematic study of composite reflectance coefficient of solution cavity shows that the seismic response is characterized by strong amplitude, low velocity and harmonization. This paper discusses the conditions of occurrence of strong reflectance and the reflectance signatures of cavities with different filling materials, and believes that strong reflectance waves can be observed in seismic data with normal frequency (20～30?Hz). According to the relationship between height of cavity,property of filling material and signal frequency, a frequency difference prediction and analysis technology is developed on the basis of wave equation. Its application in Tahe oilfield shows that this technology can get amplitude-frequency and velocity-frequency anomalies in cavities filled with fluid at a burial depth of over 5?000?m, with over 100?m width and over 3?m height from normal seismic data with predominant frequency of 20～ 30?Hz. The anomalies appear in different zones and different layers with vertical and lateral comunications. They can be used as the basis for determining the existence of cavities, their distribution and estimating their heights.
Systematic study of composite reflectance coefficient of solution cavity shows that the seismic response is characterized by strong amplitude, low velocity and harmonization. This paper discusses the conditions of occurrence of strong reflectance and the reflectance signatures of cavities with different filling materials, and believes that strong reflectance waves can be observed in seismic data with normal frequency (20～30?Hz). According to the relationship between height of cavity,property of filling material and signal frequency, a frequency difference prediction and analysis technology is developed on the basis of wave equation. Its application in Tahe oilfield shows that this technology can get amplitude-frequency and velocity-frequency anomalies in cavities filled with fluid at a burial depth of over 5?000?m, with over 100?m width and over 3?m height from normal seismic data with predominant frequency of 20～ 30?Hz. The anomalies appear in different zones and different layers with vertical and lateral comunications. They can be used as the basis for determining the existence of cavities, their distribution and estimating their heights.
引文
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2 张抗.塔河油田性质和塔里木碳酸盐岩油气勘探方向[J].石油学报,2001,22(4):1～6
3 陈清华,刘池阳,王书香,等.碳酸盐岩缝洞系统研究现状与展望[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(2):196～202
4 唐文榜,刘来祥,樊佳芳,等.溶洞充填物判识的频率差异分析技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(1):41～44
5 王永刚,李振春,邵雨.利用地震资料预测储层裂缝发育带[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(4):79～82
6 周路,白玉雷,李洪辉.应用地震低速异常带特征研究轮南地区奥陶系古岩溶[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(1):29～31
7 何发岐,周家驹,云露.塔里木盆地塔河油田油气勘探新技术[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(3):318～323
8 倪逸,杨慧珠,任颖.LDVR方法在塔里木盆地油气勘探中的应用探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(2):272～277
9 唐建明.塔河油田石炭系储层油气预测方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):343～348
10 阎相宾.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(3):262～265
11 李宗杰,王勤聪.塔北超深层碳酸盐岩储层预测方法和技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(1):35～40
12 唐文榜.地震反射法中薄煤层分辨能力的研究[J].地球物理学报,1987,30(6):641～652
13 李洪辉,周东延,丛祝安.塔里木盆地地震反射异常体及其地质属性初探[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(2):50～52
14 吴欣松,王福焕.圈闭评价技术及其在塔里木盆地的应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1999,23(3):13～17
15 李翎,魏斌,贺铎华.塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层的测井解释[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(1):49～54
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