混凝土重力坝FRP片材表面加固抗震性能研究
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摘要
如何提高混凝土重力坝薄弱位置的抗震性能是国内外大坝抗震研究的热点问题。本文基于等价静力非线性方法,采用考虑混凝土细观非均匀特性的混凝土损伤模型,研究FRP片材表面加固大坝薄弱位置的抗震有效性。以2座不同形态的混凝土重力坝A、B为例,分别进行坝踵FRP片材表面加固研究和折坡处FRP片材表面加固研究,分析加固前后坝体的应力状态、裂缝扩展情况和破坏形态。数值模拟结果表明:坝踵处采用FRP片材加固可以很好地增强坝体的抗震性能,有效地抑制裂缝的产生和发展;折坡处采用FRP片材加固在一定程度上可以提高坝体的抗震性能,下游坝身加固与否对提高大坝的抗震性能影响不大。
Improving seismic resistance capacity of dam,especially its weak positions has become a hot spot of seismic research.Based on pushover method,a damage model of concrete considering its microscopic inhomogeneity was employed to analyze dam′s damage process during earthquake,also the effectiveness of externally bonded FRP-plate reinforcement was discussed.Taking two different concrete gravity dams for examples,researches on heel and head reinforcement were conducted respectively.Comparisons of stress distribution,crack propagation and failure forms before and after strengthening show that externally bonded FRP-plate reinforcement of heel could improve its seismic resistance,and restrain emergence and development of crack effectively;also that of head could promote its seismic resistance in certain extent,but whether dam body downstream is reinforced does little influence on the seismic resistance.
Improving seismic resistance capacity of dam,especially its weak positions has become a hot spot of seismic research.Based on pushover method,a damage model of concrete considering its microscopic inhomogeneity was employed to analyze dam′s damage process during earthquake,also the effectiveness of externally bonded FRP-plate reinforcement was discussed.Taking two different concrete gravity dams for examples,researches on heel and head reinforcement were conducted respectively.Comparisons of stress distribution,crack propagation and failure forms before and after strengthening show that externally bonded FRP-plate reinforcement of heel could improve its seismic resistance,and restrain emergence and development of crack effectively;also that of head could promote its seismic resistance in certain extent,but whether dam body downstream is reinforced does little influence on the seismic resistance.
引文
[1]沈怀至,潘坚文,金峰,等.混凝土坝坝体配筋抗震措施研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(1):39-46.Shen H Zh,Pan J W,Jin F,et al.Plastic-damageanalysis of concrete dams strengthened with reinforce-ment in monolith for seismic resistance[J].Journal ofHydraulic Engineering,2007,38(1):39-46.
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[4]滕锦光,陈建飞,史密斯S T.FRP加固混凝土结构[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.Teng J G,Chen J F,Smith S T.FRP StrengthenedRC Structures[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2005.
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[7]姚谏.FRP复合材料加固混凝土结构新技术研究进展[J].科技通报,2004,20(3):216-221.Yao J.Research advance in FRP-strengthened RCstructures[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology,2004,20(3):216-221.
[8]唐春安,朱万成.混凝土损伤与断裂——数值试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.Tang Ch A,Zhu W Ch.Concrete Damage and Frac-ture-Numerical Experiments[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2003.
[9]张娟霞,唐春安,朱万成,等.FRP加固混凝土构件中裂纹扩展规律的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2006,23(12):143-148.Zhang J X,Tang Ch A,Zhu W Ch,et al.Numericalsimulation of fracturing behaviors of FRP-strength-ened concrete members[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(12):143-148.
[10]钟红,林皋,李建波,等.高拱坝地震损伤破坏的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2008,39(7):848-853.Zhong H,Lin G,Li J B,et al.Numerical simulationof damage in high arch dam due to earthquake[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,39(7):848-853.
[11]Wu Z S,Yin J.Fracturing behaviors of FRP-strengthened concrete structures[J].EngineeringFracture Mechanics,2003,(70):1339-1355.
[12]秦泗凤.桥梁抗震性能评价的静力非线性分析方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008.Qin S F.Static nonlinear analysis methods for esti-mating seismic performance for bridge[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2008.
[13]SDJ 10-78,水工建筑物抗震设计规范(试行)[S].
[2]Lin G,Chi S C,Hu Z Q.Structural control of a higharch dam[C]∥Proceding of 12th World Conference onEarthquake Engineering,New Zealand:[s.n.],2000.
[3]Zhang C H,Xu Y J,Wang G L,et al.Nonlinearseismic response of arch dams with contraction jointopening and joint reinforcements[J].Earthquake En-gineering and Structural Dynamic,2000,29(10):1547-1566.
[4]滕锦光,陈建飞,史密斯S T.FRP加固混凝土结构[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.Teng J G,Chen J F,Smith S T.FRP StrengthenedRC Structures[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2005.
[5]Neale K W.FRPs for structural rehabilitation:a sur-vey of recent progress[J].Progress in Structural En-gineering and Materials,2000,(2):133-138.
[6]Bakis C E,Bank L C,F.ASCE,et al.Fiber-rein-forced polymer composites for construction-state-of-the-art review[J].Journal of Composites for Con-struction,2002,6(2):73-87.
[7]姚谏.FRP复合材料加固混凝土结构新技术研究进展[J].科技通报,2004,20(3):216-221.Yao J.Research advance in FRP-strengthened RCstructures[J].Bulletin of Science and Technology,2004,20(3):216-221.
[8]唐春安,朱万成.混凝土损伤与断裂——数值试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.Tang Ch A,Zhu W Ch.Concrete Damage and Frac-ture-Numerical Experiments[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2003.
[9]张娟霞,唐春安,朱万成,等.FRP加固混凝土构件中裂纹扩展规律的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2006,23(12):143-148.Zhang J X,Tang Ch A,Zhu W Ch,et al.Numericalsimulation of fracturing behaviors of FRP-strength-ened concrete members[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(12):143-148.
[10]钟红,林皋,李建波,等.高拱坝地震损伤破坏的数值模拟[J].水利学报,2008,39(7):848-853.Zhong H,Lin G,Li J B,et al.Numerical simulationof damage in high arch dam due to earthquake[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,39(7):848-853.
[11]Wu Z S,Yin J.Fracturing behaviors of FRP-strengthened concrete structures[J].EngineeringFracture Mechanics,2003,(70):1339-1355.
[12]秦泗凤.桥梁抗震性能评价的静力非线性分析方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2008.Qin S F.Static nonlinear analysis methods for esti-mating seismic performance for bridge[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2008.
[13]SDJ 10-78,水工建筑物抗震设计规范(试行)[S].
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