利用叠前地震数据预测火山岩储层裂缝
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摘要
通过对叠前弹性波阻抗反演及各向异性理论的研究,归纳出一种通过叠前地震数据来预测火山岩裂缝的方法思路:首先引入叠前弹性波阻抗反演,利用其分辨率高的优点来寻找火山岩储层,然后分析裂缝引起的地震波动力学属性随方位角的变化特征,通过各向异性来预测裂缝的方向和发育程度,综合判断火山岩储层裂缝的分布情况。该方法以"面向储层找裂缝"为原则,在分辨率和预测准确性上都有其理论优势,将该思路在试验区域进行尝试,取得了较好的效果。
In recent years,the volcanic reservoir has become a new focus in reservoir prediction.Generally,fractures constitute an important factor of the volcanic reservoir,and volcanic rocks are characterized by variation of spatial distribution and complex internal lithology.Therefore,the detection of fractures in volcanic rocks is considered to be an research challenge.Based on the theory of pre-stack elastic impendence inversion and azimuthal anisotropy,this paper presents an idea for predicting fractures in the volcanic reservoir with pre-stack seismic data.First,the pre-stack elastic impendence inversion,as a high-resolution inversion method,is introduced to predict the volcanic reservoir;then the change of kinetic property of seismic wave caused by fractures is analyzed,and the density and direction of fracture are predicted with the azimuthal anisotropy;finally,the distribution of volcanic reservoir as well as fractures is estimated comprehensively.The key to this idea is "detecting fractures with the thought of finding volcanic reservoir",and the special advantage of the method lies in its high resolution and outstanding prediction accuracy.As an example,this idea was used for reservoir prediction in a test area,with a satisfactory result obtained.
In recent years,the volcanic reservoir has become a new focus in reservoir prediction.Generally,fractures constitute an important factor of the volcanic reservoir,and volcanic rocks are characterized by variation of spatial distribution and complex internal lithology.Therefore,the detection of fractures in volcanic rocks is considered to be an research challenge.Based on the theory of pre-stack elastic impendence inversion and azimuthal anisotropy,this paper presents an idea for predicting fractures in the volcanic reservoir with pre-stack seismic data.First,the pre-stack elastic impendence inversion,as a high-resolution inversion method,is introduced to predict the volcanic reservoir;then the change of kinetic property of seismic wave caused by fractures is analyzed,and the density and direction of fracture are predicted with the azimuthal anisotropy;finally,the distribution of volcanic reservoir as well as fractures is estimated comprehensively.The key to this idea is "detecting fractures with the thought of finding volcanic reservoir",and the special advantage of the method lies in its high resolution and outstanding prediction accuracy.As an example,this idea was used for reservoir prediction in a test area,with a satisfactory result obtained.
引文
[1]Connolly P.Elastic impedance[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(4):438.
[2]Hudson J A.Ahigher order approximation of elastic wave in mate-rial containing cracks[J].Geophys,1981,64:133
[3]Mallick S,Craft K,Meister L,et al.Determination of the principledirection of azimuthal anisotropy from P-wave seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,(63),692.
[4]桂志先,贺振华,张小庆.基于Hudson理论的裂隙参数对纵波的影响[J]江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(1):45.
[5]舒萍,曲延明,王国军,等.松辽盆地深层火山岩储层裂缝地质特征与地球物理识别[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(4):726.
[2]Hudson J A.Ahigher order approximation of elastic wave in mate-rial containing cracks[J].Geophys,1981,64:133
[3]Mallick S,Craft K,Meister L,et al.Determination of the principledirection of azimuthal anisotropy from P-wave seismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,(63),692.
[4]桂志先,贺振华,张小庆.基于Hudson理论的裂隙参数对纵波的影响[J]江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(1):45.
[5]舒萍,曲延明,王国军,等.松辽盆地深层火山岩储层裂缝地质特征与地球物理识别[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(4):726.
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