贵州构皮滩地区裂隙系统及其对电站工程的影响研究
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摘要
大坝、隧道等大型工程中的裂隙构造,由于关系到岩体的强度等工程安全问题,因此历来倍受关注。贵州乌江构皮滩电站坝区主要发育碳酸盐岩及少量碎屑岩,在其岩系中构造裂隙主要有NNW向、NWW向、NEE向和NE向,其中约80%已被方解石脉先后分四期充填愈合,大大降低了水的渗透,提高了岩石的强度;有少量裂隙没有被充填,或是充填以后又裂开,其中顺层滑动裂隙具一定的贯通性,工程上值得注意。
Fractures in large-scale engineering works such as dams and tunnels have long gained attention because they concern safety problems of engineering works such as the strength of rock masses.There mainly occur carbonate rocks with minor clastic rocks at the dam site of the Goupitan Hydropower Station,Wujiang,Guizhou,and the NE,NW,N—S and E—W sets of structural fractures may be recognized in the rock sequences.However,80 percent of the fractures have been healed by three phases of calcite veins,thus greatly reducing water permeability and increasing the strength of rocks.Some fractures have not been filled or re-opened after filling,of which bedding-parallel slip fractures are throughgoing to a certain extent,to which attention should be paid in engineering works.
Fractures in large-scale engineering works such as dams and tunnels have long gained attention because they concern safety problems of engineering works such as the strength of rock masses.There mainly occur carbonate rocks with minor clastic rocks at the dam site of the Goupitan Hydropower Station,Wujiang,Guizhou,and the NE,NW,N—S and E—W sets of structural fractures may be recognized in the rock sequences.However,80 percent of the fractures have been healed by three phases of calcite veins,thus greatly reducing water permeability and increasing the strength of rocks.Some fractures have not been filled or re-opened after filling,of which bedding-parallel slip fractures are throughgoing to a certain extent,to which attention should be paid in engineering works.
引文
①水利部长江水利委员会,乌江构皮滩水电站可行性研究报告,2001.
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[1]谷德振.岩体工程地质力学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[2]索书田,侯光久,石林,等.三峡坝区非对称共轭低缓角度剪破裂系[J].地球科学,2000,25(3):283~289.
[3]Richard H.,R.H.Sibson.Structural Permeability of fluid-driven fault-fracture meshes[J].J.Struct.Geol.,1996,18(8):1031~1042.
[4]侯光久,王生维,张先进.晋城成庄矿煤层中节理研究及其意义[J].天然气工业,2005,25(1):41~43.
[5]刘立,孙晓明,董福湘,马锋,等.大港滩海区沙一段下部方解石脉的地球化学与包裹体特征———以港深67井为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(1):49~54.
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[7]李四光.地质力学概论[M].北京:科学出版社,1973.
[8]Ramsay,J.G.岩石变形的裂开—愈合作用[A].见:宋鸿林译.基础地质译丛[C].1985(1).
[9]Burruss R C,Diagenetic palaeote mepratures fromaqueous fluid inclusions:reequilibratimof inclusions in carbonate cements byburial heating[J].Mineralogical Mag,1987,51:477~481.
[10]侯光久,索书田,魏启荣,郑贵洲.湘西喜眉山逆冲—推覆构造的特征与变形环境[J].中国区域地质,1998,17(1):39~43.
[11]秦守荣,刘爱民.论贵州喜山期的构造运动[J].贵州地质,1998,15(2):105~114.
[12]陈文理,向能武.构皮滩水电站工程地质研究综述[J].贵州水力发电,2004,18(6):8~11.
[13]刘瑞.构造裂隙扩展条件的显微构造研究[M].地质力学与地壳运动.北京:地震出版社,1994.141~144.
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