特殊长周期地震动的参数特征研究
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摘要
近断层脉冲型地震动和远场软土层场地类谐和地震动是两类特殊的长周期地震动,当前的规范均很少对这两类地震作用进行具体的规定。研究了近断层脉冲型和远场类谐和地震动的幅值、幅值比(V/A,D/V)、傅里叶幅值谱和反应谱的差别,分析了相位角和作用循环周期数对简单脉冲的影响,并用于解释两类特殊地震动的工程特征。以集集地震动为数据基础,分析了两类长周期地震动的傅里叶谱和反应谱特征;将平均加速度和位移规准反应谱分别与规范设计谱进行了比较。建议设计谱在长周期段考虑近断层作用和软土场地面波效应的影响。
Near-fault pulse-type ground motion and soft soil far field harmonic-like ground motion are two kinds of typical long-period ground motions.Current codes all pay less attention to these two kinds of earthquake effects.This paper investigates the differences between the far field and near-fault ground motions based on motion amplitude,amplitude ratios(V/A,D/V),Fourier amplitude spectra and response spectra.By means of models of simplified pulses with different phases and circle numbers,analytical expressions are derived to fit the observations of the features for these two types of motions.Based on ground motion data from the Chi-Chi earthquake,Fourier amplitude spectra and response spectra of these two kinds of special ground motions are analyzed;averaged acceleration and displacement normalized response spectra for both kinds of motions are compared with code design spectra,respectively.It is suggested that the effects of near-fault and surface-wave on soft site need to be considered in long period spectral range.
Near-fault pulse-type ground motion and soft soil far field harmonic-like ground motion are two kinds of typical long-period ground motions.Current codes all pay less attention to these two kinds of earthquake effects.This paper investigates the differences between the far field and near-fault ground motions based on motion amplitude,amplitude ratios(V/A,D/V),Fourier amplitude spectra and response spectra.By means of models of simplified pulses with different phases and circle numbers,analytical expressions are derived to fit the observations of the features for these two types of motions.Based on ground motion data from the Chi-Chi earthquake,Fourier amplitude spectra and response spectra of these two kinds of special ground motions are analyzed;averaged acceleration and displacement normalized response spectra for both kinds of motions are compared with code design spectra,respectively.It is suggested that the effects of near-fault and surface-wave on soft site need to be considered in long period spectral range.
引文
[1]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].2版.北京:地震出版社,2006.
[2]GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[3]Somerville P G,Smith N F,Graves R W,et al.Modification of empirical strong ground motion attenuation relations to include the amplitude andduration effects of rupture directivity[J].Seis Res Let,1997,68(1):199-222.
[4]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,等.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):1-10.
[5]Alavi B,krawinkler H.Behavior of moment-resisting frame structures subjected to near-fault ground motions[J].Earthquake Engng Struct.Dyn,2004,33:687-706.
[6]Furumura T,Koketsu K,Wen K L,et al.Numerical simulation of strong ground motion during the Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[C]//Pro-ceedings of Internal Workshop on Annual Commemoration of Chi-Chi Earthquake.NCREE,Taipei,2000,1:222-232.
[7]Huang C T,Chen S S.Near-field characteristics and engineering implifications of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Earthquake Engng EngngSeismol,2000,2:23-41.
[8]祁皑,范宏伟,陈永祥.简谐荷载作用下伴生自由振动的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(6):156-161.
[9]Xie L,Xu L,Rodriguez-Marek A.representation of near-fault pulse-type ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibra-tion,2005,4(2):191-199.
[10]徐龙军,谢礼立,郝敏.简谐波地震动反应谱研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(5):7-13.
[11]Newmark N M,Hall W J.Earthquake spectra and design[R].Engineering Research Institute,Berkeley,CA,1982.
[2]GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[3]Somerville P G,Smith N F,Graves R W,et al.Modification of empirical strong ground motion attenuation relations to include the amplitude andduration effects of rupture directivity[J].Seis Res Let,1997,68(1):199-222.
[4]刘启方,袁一凡,金星,等.近断层地震动的基本特征[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):1-10.
[5]Alavi B,krawinkler H.Behavior of moment-resisting frame structures subjected to near-fault ground motions[J].Earthquake Engng Struct.Dyn,2004,33:687-706.
[6]Furumura T,Koketsu K,Wen K L,et al.Numerical simulation of strong ground motion during the Chi-Chi,Taiwan,earthquake[C]//Pro-ceedings of Internal Workshop on Annual Commemoration of Chi-Chi Earthquake.NCREE,Taipei,2000,1:222-232.
[7]Huang C T,Chen S S.Near-field characteristics and engineering implifications of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Earthquake Engng EngngSeismol,2000,2:23-41.
[8]祁皑,范宏伟,陈永祥.简谐荷载作用下伴生自由振动的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(6):156-161.
[9]Xie L,Xu L,Rodriguez-Marek A.representation of near-fault pulse-type ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibra-tion,2005,4(2):191-199.
[10]徐龙军,谢礼立,郝敏.简谐波地震动反应谱研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(5):7-13.
[11]Newmark N M,Hall W J.Earthquake spectra and design[R].Engineering Research Institute,Berkeley,CA,1982.
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