海拉尔盆地贝尔断陷布达特群变质岩储层特征及勘探方法
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摘要
海拉尔盆地贝尔断陷面积3010 km2,由下到上主要发育4套含油组合。其中,布达特群变质岩具有储层厚度大、产能高(多口井日产30 t以上)的特点。其主要由一套碎裂安山凝灰岩、蚀变火山岩、轻微蚀变碎裂不等粒砂岩、坍塌角砾岩、含粉砂碎裂凝灰质泥岩等组成。地层倾角较大,溶洞发育,裂隙纵横交错,部分被硅质、碳酸盐所交代。储集空间主要为次生裂缝和各种溶蚀孔隙,其次为基质孔隙。纵向上可分为风化破碎发育带,裂缝、溶孔、溶洞发育带和致密带。这种特殊储层需要针对性的勘探方法和技术。通过勘探实践认为:叠前时间偏移处理与精细三维地震解释是识别变质岩顶面形态变化的基础,开展以裂缝预测为主要目的的反演处理与解释,是井位部署的依据之一,取好岩心和成像测井资料是识别变质岩储层裂缝和溶孔、溶洞的关键,合理的压裂工艺是获得高产油流的主要手段。
Beier Rift of Halaer Basin has an area of 3010 km2, including 4 sets of oil-bearing combination from lower to upper part.Among them,metamorphic rock of Budate Group has characteristics of large thickness of reservoirs and high productivity(several wells have daily production more than 30 t).This area consists of cataclastic andesitic tuff,altered volcanic rock,slightly altered and cataclastic anisomerous sandstone,slump breccia,and silt bearing cataclastic tuffaceous shale.Formation dip is large,caverns develop much,fractures crisscross each other,part with metasomatism of kiesel and carbonate.Reservoir space is mainly secondary fractures and all types of corroded pores,and secondarily matrix pores.This area is vertically divided into detrition development zone,fractures,corroded pores and caverns development zone and tight zone.This kind of special reservoir needs concrete exploration techniques.Practice shows that pre-stack time migration processing and 3D seismic interpretation are basis for identifying top form variation of metamorphic rock.Performing inversion processing and interpretation aiming at fracture prediction is one of important evidence for well!arrangement.Obtaining correct core data and imaging logging data is key point of identifying fractures,corroded pores and caverns in metamorphic rock reservoirs.Reasonable fracturing technique is mainly method for getting high oil production.
Beier Rift of Halaer Basin has an area of 3010 km2, including 4 sets of oil-bearing combination from lower to upper part.Among them,metamorphic rock of Budate Group has characteristics of large thickness of reservoirs and high productivity(several wells have daily production more than 30 t).This area consists of cataclastic andesitic tuff,altered volcanic rock,slightly altered and cataclastic anisomerous sandstone,slump breccia,and silt bearing cataclastic tuffaceous shale.Formation dip is large,caverns develop much,fractures crisscross each other,part with metasomatism of kiesel and carbonate.Reservoir space is mainly secondary fractures and all types of corroded pores,and secondarily matrix pores.This area is vertically divided into detrition development zone,fractures,corroded pores and caverns development zone and tight zone.This kind of special reservoir needs concrete exploration techniques.Practice shows that pre-stack time migration processing and 3D seismic interpretation are basis for identifying top form variation of metamorphic rock.Performing inversion processing and interpretation aiming at fracture prediction is one of important evidence for well!arrangement.Obtaining correct core data and imaging logging data is key point of identifying fractures,corroded pores and caverns in metamorphic rock reservoirs.Reasonable fracturing technique is mainly method for getting high oil production.
引文
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[7]闫伟林,葛百成,鲁红,等.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷布达特群储层次生孔隙度确定方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(1):100-102.YAN Wei-lin,GE Bai-cheng,LU Hong,et al.Determination methodfor secondary porosity of reservoirs in Budate Group of Beier Sag inHalaer Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development inDaqing,2005,24(1):100-102.
[8]李春柏,张心涛,刘立,等.布达特群热流体活动及其对火山碎屑岩的改造作用———以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(2):221-226.LI Chuan-bai,ZHANG Xin-tao,LIU Li,et al.Thermal fluid move-ment in Budate Group and its reconstruction effect on volcanic clasticrock-Case study:Beier Sag in Hailaer Basin[J].Journal of Jilin U-niversity(Geoscience),2006,36(2):221-226.
[9]张吉光.乌尔逊断陷沉积成岩体系与油气分布[J].古地理学报,2002,4(3):74-81.ZHANG Ji-guang.Sedimentary diagenetic system and hydrocarborl dis-tribution in Wuerxum rift[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2002,4(3):74-81.
[10]张新涛,刘立,任延广,等.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷布达特群水力破裂的岩石学特征及其成因探讨[J].世界地质,2004,23(4):343-347.ZHANG Xin-tao,LIU Li,REN Yan-guang,et al.Petrological char-acteristics and genesis of hydraulic fracturing of Budate Group in BeierSag of Hailaer Basin[J].World Geology,2004,23(4):343-347.
[11]谢朝阳,韩松,洪怡春,等.海拉尔盆地使用的低伤害压裂液及其应用[J].油田化学,2000,17(1):38-40.XIE Zhao-yang,HAN Song,HONG Yi-chun,et al.Low damagefracturing fluid and its application in Hailaer Basin[J].OilfieldChemistry,2000,17(1):38-40.
[12]戴平生,侯景龙,王磊,等.无遮挡储层压裂施工设计在海拉尔盆地的应用[J].油气井测试,2004,13(1):31-34.DAI Ping-sheng,HOU Jing-long,WANG Lei,et al.Application ofunboarded reservoir fracturing operation design in Hailaer Basin[J].Oil and Gas Well Testing,2004,13(1):31-34
[2]张吉光.海拉尔盆地不整合面的形成及其油气地质意义[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(5):8-10.ZHANG Ji-guang.Unconformity formation and its petroleum geologicsignificance of Halaer Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield De-velopment in Daqing,2002,21(5):8-10.
[3]黄太明.牛心坨地区太古界变质岩储层特征研究[J].特种油气藏,2003,10(5):22-25.HUANG Tai-ming.Study on Archean metamorphic rock reservoir char-acteristics of Niuxintuo area[J].Special Reservoirs,2003,10(5):22-25.
[4]郝琦,刘震,查明,等.辽河茨榆坨潜山太古界裂缝型储层特征及其控制因素[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(3):384-390.HAO Qi,LIU Zhen,ZHA Ming,et al.Characteristic and controllingfactors of Archean fractured reservoirs in Ciyutuo burial hill in Liaohe[J].Journal of Jilin University(Geoscience),2006,36(3):384-390.
[5]吴智勇,郭建华,吴东胜.大民屯凹陷静安堡西侧低潜山变质岩储层裂缝发育特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):322-325.WUZhi-yong,GUO Jian-hua,WU Dong-sheng.Fracture developmentcharacteristics of metamorphic rock reservoirs in western low burial hillin Jing'anbao of Damintun Sag[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2001,22(4):322-325.
[6]赵澄林,刘孟慧,胡爱梅,等.特殊油气储层[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:48-71.ZHAO Cheng-lin,LIUMeng-hui,HU Ai-mei,et al.Special Hydro-carbon Reservoirs[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997:48-71.
[7]闫伟林,葛百成,鲁红,等.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷布达特群储层次生孔隙度确定方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(1):100-102.YAN Wei-lin,GE Bai-cheng,LU Hong,et al.Determination methodfor secondary porosity of reservoirs in Budate Group of Beier Sag inHalaer Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development inDaqing,2005,24(1):100-102.
[8]李春柏,张心涛,刘立,等.布达特群热流体活动及其对火山碎屑岩的改造作用———以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(2):221-226.LI Chuan-bai,ZHANG Xin-tao,LIU Li,et al.Thermal fluid move-ment in Budate Group and its reconstruction effect on volcanic clasticrock-Case study:Beier Sag in Hailaer Basin[J].Journal of Jilin U-niversity(Geoscience),2006,36(2):221-226.
[9]张吉光.乌尔逊断陷沉积成岩体系与油气分布[J].古地理学报,2002,4(3):74-81.ZHANG Ji-guang.Sedimentary diagenetic system and hydrocarborl dis-tribution in Wuerxum rift[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2002,4(3):74-81.
[10]张新涛,刘立,任延广,等.海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷布达特群水力破裂的岩石学特征及其成因探讨[J].世界地质,2004,23(4):343-347.ZHANG Xin-tao,LIU Li,REN Yan-guang,et al.Petrological char-acteristics and genesis of hydraulic fracturing of Budate Group in BeierSag of Hailaer Basin[J].World Geology,2004,23(4):343-347.
[11]谢朝阳,韩松,洪怡春,等.海拉尔盆地使用的低伤害压裂液及其应用[J].油田化学,2000,17(1):38-40.XIE Zhao-yang,HAN Song,HONG Yi-chun,et al.Low damagefracturing fluid and its application in Hailaer Basin[J].OilfieldChemistry,2000,17(1):38-40.
[12]戴平生,侯景龙,王磊,等.无遮挡储层压裂施工设计在海拉尔盆地的应用[J].油气井测试,2004,13(1):31-34.DAI Ping-sheng,HOU Jing-long,WANG Lei,et al.Application ofunboarded reservoir fracturing operation design in Hailaer Basin[J].Oil and Gas Well Testing,2004,13(1):31-34
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