地震速度分析技术新进展
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摘要
地震波传播速度是地震数据处理中最基础、最重要的参数之一。在地表及地下地质构造复杂地区,计算效率、提高速度分析精度和消除浅层速度异常影响等是偏移速度分析方法研究的关键。介绍了叠前爆炸反射面模拟偏移速度分析方法、相似谱判断标准非线性反演的全波动方程速度模型建立、基于射线理论关系速度模型的时深转转以及消除浅层速度异常体影响等几种新方法技术的方法原理及应用效果,并分析了各自的特点。
Seismic-wave propagation velocity is one of the most important and basic parameters in seismic data processing.In areas of complex surface and subsurface,improving computational efficiency and velocity analysis precision,as well as diminishing the influences of shallow velocity anomaly are the core of development of migration velocity analysis methods.This paper introduces the theory and applications of several newly developed velocity analysis methods: prestack generalization of exploding reflectors modeling,full wave-equation velocity model building based on non-linear inversion under semblance criterion,time-to-depth conversion based on raypath theory,and elimination of the effect of shallow velocity anomaly.
Seismic-wave propagation velocity is one of the most important and basic parameters in seismic data processing.In areas of complex surface and subsurface,improving computational efficiency and velocity analysis precision,as well as diminishing the influences of shallow velocity anomaly are the core of development of migration velocity analysis methods.This paper introduces the theory and applications of several newly developed velocity analysis methods: prestack generalization of exploding reflectors modeling,full wave-equation velocity model building based on non-linear inversion under semblance criterion,time-to-depth conversion based on raypath theory,and elimination of the effect of shallow velocity anomaly.
引文
1辛可锋,王华忠,马在田.一种高精度的偏移速度分析方法———广义屏偏移加Born反演[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(3):20~26
2潘宏勋,方伍宝.地震速度分析方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):305~311
3 Symes W W,Carazzone J J.Velocity inversion by dif-ferential semblance opti mization[J].Geophysics,1991,56(5):654~663
4 Pratt R G.Seismic waveforminversioninthe frequencydomain,Part 1:Theory and verification in a physicalscale model[J].Geophysics,1999,64(3):888~901
5 Sava P,Biondi B.Wave-equation migration velocity a-nalysis I:Theory[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2004,52(6):593~623
6 Biondi B.Prestack exploding-reflectors modeling formigration velocity analysis[J].Expanded Abstracts of76thAnnual International SEG Meeting,2006,3 056~3 059
7 Biondi B,Symes W W.Angle-domain common i magegathers for migration velocity analysis by wavefieldcontinuation i maging[J].Geophysics,2004,69(4):1 283~1 298
8 Douglas W,Graul J.Correcting an RMS velocity func-tion directly from measurements of residual normalmoveout[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnual Inter-national SEG Meeting,2006,3 100~3 104
9 Soubaras R,Gratacos B.Velocity model building bysemblance maxi mization of modulated-shot gathers[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnual International SEGMeeting,2006,3 046~3 049
10 Soubaras R.Modulated-shot migration[J].ExpandedAbstracts of 76thAnnual International SEG Meeting,2006,2 430~2 434
11 Hampson D,Russell B.First break interpretation u-sing generalized linear inversion[J].Expanded Ab-stracts of 54thAnnual International SEG Meeting,1984,532~534
12 Cox M.Static corrections for seismic reflection surveys[M].Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1999.531
13 Blias E.I maging in the presence of shallow velocity a-nomalies:Non-first-break technology[J].ExpandedAbstracts of 76thAnnual International SEG Meeting,2006,3 071~3 074
14 Tanis MC,Aski m OJ,Lancaster S,et al.Anintegrat-ed workflowfor i maging below shallow gas:A Trin-idad case study[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnualInternational SEG Meeting,2006,3 051~3 054
15 Dix C H.Seismic velocities fromsurface measurements[J].Geophysics,1955,20(1):68~86
16 Hubral P.Ti me migration—Some ray theoretical as-pects[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1977,25(4):738~745
17 Cameron M,Fomel S,Sethian J.Seismic velocity esti-mation and ti me to depth conversion of ti me-migratedi mages[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnual Inter-national SEG Meeting,2006,3 066~3 069
2潘宏勋,方伍宝.地震速度分析方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):305~311
3 Symes W W,Carazzone J J.Velocity inversion by dif-ferential semblance opti mization[J].Geophysics,1991,56(5):654~663
4 Pratt R G.Seismic waveforminversioninthe frequencydomain,Part 1:Theory and verification in a physicalscale model[J].Geophysics,1999,64(3):888~901
5 Sava P,Biondi B.Wave-equation migration velocity a-nalysis I:Theory[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2004,52(6):593~623
6 Biondi B.Prestack exploding-reflectors modeling formigration velocity analysis[J].Expanded Abstracts of76thAnnual International SEG Meeting,2006,3 056~3 059
7 Biondi B,Symes W W.Angle-domain common i magegathers for migration velocity analysis by wavefieldcontinuation i maging[J].Geophysics,2004,69(4):1 283~1 298
8 Douglas W,Graul J.Correcting an RMS velocity func-tion directly from measurements of residual normalmoveout[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnual Inter-national SEG Meeting,2006,3 100~3 104
9 Soubaras R,Gratacos B.Velocity model building bysemblance maxi mization of modulated-shot gathers[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnual International SEGMeeting,2006,3 046~3 049
10 Soubaras R.Modulated-shot migration[J].ExpandedAbstracts of 76thAnnual International SEG Meeting,2006,2 430~2 434
11 Hampson D,Russell B.First break interpretation u-sing generalized linear inversion[J].Expanded Ab-stracts of 54thAnnual International SEG Meeting,1984,532~534
12 Cox M.Static corrections for seismic reflection surveys[M].Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1999.531
13 Blias E.I maging in the presence of shallow velocity a-nomalies:Non-first-break technology[J].ExpandedAbstracts of 76thAnnual International SEG Meeting,2006,3 071~3 074
14 Tanis MC,Aski m OJ,Lancaster S,et al.Anintegrat-ed workflowfor i maging below shallow gas:A Trin-idad case study[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnualInternational SEG Meeting,2006,3 051~3 054
15 Dix C H.Seismic velocities fromsurface measurements[J].Geophysics,1955,20(1):68~86
16 Hubral P.Ti me migration—Some ray theoretical as-pects[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1977,25(4):738~745
17 Cameron M,Fomel S,Sethian J.Seismic velocity esti-mation and ti me to depth conversion of ti me-migratedi mages[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76thAnnual Inter-national SEG Meeting,2006,3 066~3 069
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