黄土构造节理研究及其应用
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摘要
作者发现大量不同力学性质的黄土构造节理后，识别了它们的区域性、系统性特征；认定其两组扭裂面代表新构造应力场最大剪切应力方向，利用黄土构造节理系及由其控制的土层沟槽网络恢复了相应地区Ｑ３－４构造应力场；提出构造节理是黄土区地下水运移的主要通道和赋存的场所；发现构造节理是黄土区地裂缝、滑坡、崩塌和水土流失等地质灾害的构造基础之一，证实构造节理是黄土地层的软弱面，风化和继之而来的应力侵蚀就由此开始，进而逐步塑造黄土碟、穴、井、桥、柱、墙、沟等潜蚀地貌和部分侵蚀地貌。研究黄土构造节理对恢复新构造应力场、帮助预测地裂乃至地震活动、控制水土流失和滑塌灾害、进行工程乃至区域稳定性评价、重新认识黄土潜蚀地貌发育规律、指导干旱半干旱黄土区找水，既有理论意义又有实际意义。
Study on different mechanical properties of structural joints in loess and their regional,systematical features made us to suggest that two sets of their torsion-fracture planes are representative of orientations of maximum shear stress of neotectonic stress field.The loess structural joints systems and controlled by them gully and ravine network on soil layer can be used in reconstruction of relevant Q_(2-3)tectonic stress field.It indicates that the structural joints are the main channels and locus for the groundwater migration in loess region and the structural basis for geologic hazards,such as ground fissuring,landslide,collapse,and water loss in the loess region.The structural joints are the weak surfaces in loess strata,and at them the weathering process and stress erosion start.and hence the erosional landforms,such as ground pan,cave.hole,ridge,pillar,wall.gully,can be gradually formed.Study on structural joints in loess has its practical significance in reconstruction of neotectonic stress field,in prediction of ground fissure and seismic activity, in control on water loss and landslide hazard, in engineering evaluation of regional stability,in understanding regularities of erosional landforms,as well as in searching ground water in arid and semiarid loess regions.
Study on different mechanical properties of structural joints in loess and their regional,systematical features made us to suggest that two sets of their torsion-fracture planes are representative of orientations of maximum shear stress of neotectonic stress field.The loess structural joints systems and controlled by them gully and ravine network on soil layer can be used in reconstruction of relevant Q_(2-3)tectonic stress field.It indicates that the structural joints are the main channels and locus for the groundwater migration in loess region and the structural basis for geologic hazards,such as ground fissuring,landslide,collapse,and water loss in the loess region.The structural joints are the weak surfaces in loess strata,and at them the weathering process and stress erosion start.and hence the erosional landforms,such as ground pan,cave.hole,ridge,pillar,wall.gully,can be gradually formed.Study on structural joints in loess has its practical significance in reconstruction of neotectonic stress field,in prediction of ground fissure and seismic activity, in control on water loss and landslide hazard, in engineering evaluation of regional stability,in understanding regularities of erosional landforms,as well as in searching ground water in arid and semiarid loess regions.
引文
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