三角洲前缘滑塌浊积体形成过程模拟
|
摘要
三角洲前缘滑塌浊积体是断陷盆地内一类重要的岩性油气藏。通过室内水槽实验模拟了不同条件下三角洲前缘滑塌浊积体的形成过程。实验结果表明,触发机制是三角洲前缘发生滑塌和形成浊积体的前提,它包括地震、波浪等外界触发机制,也包括前缘砂体自身重力所产生的压实沉陷等。其中地震作用可以破坏三角洲前缘的稳定性,形成液化滑塌浊积体和断阶滑塌浊积体。波浪作用可以侵蚀浪基面附近的三角洲前缘砂体,并在回流作用下携带至最大浪基面之下再沉积,沉积过程中形成小型浊积体。无外界触发机制作用下主河道入水口处的砂体在重力作用下向下部泥岩压实沉陷,也可形成滑塌浊积体。浊积体迁移的动力主要是滑塌砂体自身的重力,其中的断阶滑塌浊积体还受到后续叠置体的碰撞力,因此其可以移动更远的距离。
The fluxoturbidite in front of delta is an importantkind of lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs in fault basins.According to interior flume experiment simulations,the formation of fluxoturbidite in front of delta is studied under differentconditions.The laboratory findings show that triggermechanisms are the preconditionto form turbidite,which include externalmechanisms such as seismicity and wave action and internalmechanism such as compaction and depression of delta-front sands under gravity.Seismicity can damage the stabilityof delta front and form liquefiedfluxoturbidite and faultedfluxoturbidite.The sediments of delta front aroundwave base plane are eroded by wave action and took along to redepositbelow wave base plane,during which turbidite is formed.Without externalmechanisms the sands in inlet of main stem can compact and descent to underneath mudstone and form fluxoturbidite.The driving force of fluxoturbidite to migrate mainly is the gravity of slumping sands.Moreover,the collision-power from hinderoverlapped sand body is also the motilityof faultedfluxoturbidite to move more distant besides its own gravity.
The fluxoturbidite in front of delta is an importantkind of lithologic hydrocarbon reservoirs in fault basins.According to interior flume experiment simulations,the formation of fluxoturbidite in front of delta is studied under differentconditions.The laboratory findings show that triggermechanisms are the preconditionto form turbidite,which include externalmechanisms such as seismicity and wave action and internalmechanism such as compaction and depression of delta-front sands under gravity.Seismicity can damage the stabilityof delta front and form liquefiedfluxoturbidite and faultedfluxoturbidite.The sediments of delta front aroundwave base plane are eroded by wave action and took along to redepositbelow wave base plane,during which turbidite is formed.Without externalmechanisms the sands in inlet of main stem can compact and descent to underneath mudstone and form fluxoturbidite.The driving force of fluxoturbidite to migrate mainly is the gravity of slumping sands.Moreover,the collision-power from hinderoverlapped sand body is also the motilityof faultedfluxoturbidite to move more distant besides its own gravity.
引文
1赵密福,信荃麟,刘泽容.惠民凹陷临南洼陷滑塌浊积岩的分布规律及其控制因素.石油实验地质,2001,23(3):267~271[Zhao M i-fu,X in Quan lin,L iu Zerong.D istribution ru les of fluxoturb id ite in theL innan sag of the Hu im in depression and their control factors.Petrole-um Geology&Experim ent,2001,23(3):267~271]
2严进荣,陈东,郭勤涛,等.洼陷中浊积岩沉积特征及油气富集规律研究.沉积与特提斯地质,2002,22(3):19~24[Yan Jinrong,Chen Dong,Guo Q intao,et a.l Sed im entary characteristics of the turb i-d ites and oil and gas accumu lation in the secondary depressions in theeastern Ch ina.Sed im entary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2002,22(3):19~24]
3饶孟余,钟建华,王夕宾,等.东营凹陷东部沙三段滑塌浊积砂体沉积特征.煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(3):15~17[Rao M engyu,Zhong Jianhua,W ang X ib in,et a.l Sed im entary characteristics ofcreep ing turb id ite sandbody of the m ember 3 of Shahejie formation inthe eastern Dongying depression.Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(3):15~17]
4饶孟余,钟建华,王海侨,等.山东东营牛庄洼陷沙三中亚段浊积砂体储层特征及影响因素.现代地质,2004,18(2):256~262[RaoM engyu,Zhong Jianhua,W ang Haiq iao,et a.l Reservoir characteris-tics and influence factors of the turb id ite sandbody Shasan interm ed iatem ember in the N iuzhuang sag,Dongying depression,Shandong prov-ince.Geoscience,2004,18(2):256~262]
5高永进,邱桂强,陈冬霞,等.牛庄洼陷岩性油藏含油气性及主控因素.石油与天然气地质,2004,25(3):284~287[Gao Yongjin,Q iu Gu iq iang,Chen Dongxia,et a.l O il/gas shows in lithologic reser-voirs in N iuzhuang sag and their main controlling factors.O il&GasGeology,2004,25(3):284~287]
6陈嘉树,杨立明.东辛地区沙河街组三段中部砂体沉积特征及控制因素.石油勘探与开发,1997,24(5):38~41[Chen Jiashu,YangL im ing.Sand body sed im entary characteristics and control factors in them idd le th ird m ember of Shahejie formation in Dongxin region.Petrole-um Exploration and D evelopm ent,1977,24(5):38~41]
7王金铎,韩文功,于建国,等.东营凹陷沙三段浊积岩沉积体系及其油气勘探意义.石油学报,2003,24(6):24~29[W ang Jinduo,Han W engong,Yu Jianguo,et al.Turb id ity system in the th ird sectionof Shahejie formation of Dongying sag and its implications on petroleumprospecting.Acta Petrolei S in ica,2003,24(6):24~29]
8鄢继华,陈世悦,宋国奇,等.三角洲前缘滑塌浊积岩形成过程初探.沉积学报,2004,22(4):573~578[Yan Jihua,Chen Sh iyue,Song Guoq i,et a.l Prelim inary study on the formation of fluxoturb id itein front of delta.Acta Sed im entologica S in ica,2004,22(4):573~578]
9赖志云,周维.舌状三角洲和鸟足状三角洲形成及演变的沉积模拟实验.沉积学报,1994,12(2):37~44[Lai Zh iyun,Zhou W ei.Experim ental formation and developm ent of lobate and b irdfoot deltas.Acta Sed im entologica S in ica,1994,12(2):37~44]
10刘忠保,赖志云,汪崎生.湖泊三角洲砂体形成及演化的水槽实验初步研究.石油实验地质,1995,17(1):34~41[L iu Zhongbao,Lai Zh iyun,W ang Q isheng.Flum e-experim ental study on the forma-tion and evolution of lake delta sandbody.Experim ental Petroleum Ge-ology,1995,17(1):34~41]图版Ⅰ说明1.水槽模拟实验装置图;2.水槽实验模拟的三角洲剖面图;3.地震作用前的三角洲前缘;4.地震作用后的三角洲前缘;5.地震作用形成的二级断阶滑塌浊积体;6.无外界触发机制作用下三角洲前缘主河道入水口处压实沉陷形成的断阶;7.后期压实沉陷对前期压实沉陷的影响;8.无外界触发机制下三角洲前缘形成的多期压实沉陷;9.波浪作用后的三角洲前缘剖面图;10.波浪作用形成的三角洲前缘液化带及指状砂体;11.波浪作用形成的小型浊积体。
2严进荣,陈东,郭勤涛,等.洼陷中浊积岩沉积特征及油气富集规律研究.沉积与特提斯地质,2002,22(3):19~24[Yan Jinrong,Chen Dong,Guo Q intao,et a.l Sed im entary characteristics of the turb i-d ites and oil and gas accumu lation in the secondary depressions in theeastern Ch ina.Sed im entary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2002,22(3):19~24]
3饶孟余,钟建华,王夕宾,等.东营凹陷东部沙三段滑塌浊积砂体沉积特征.煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(3):15~17[Rao M engyu,Zhong Jianhua,W ang X ib in,et a.l Sed im entary characteristics ofcreep ing turb id ite sandbody of the m ember 3 of Shahejie formation inthe eastern Dongying depression.Coal Geology&Exploration,2004,32(3):15~17]
4饶孟余,钟建华,王海侨,等.山东东营牛庄洼陷沙三中亚段浊积砂体储层特征及影响因素.现代地质,2004,18(2):256~262[RaoM engyu,Zhong Jianhua,W ang Haiq iao,et a.l Reservoir characteris-tics and influence factors of the turb id ite sandbody Shasan interm ed iatem ember in the N iuzhuang sag,Dongying depression,Shandong prov-ince.Geoscience,2004,18(2):256~262]
5高永进,邱桂强,陈冬霞,等.牛庄洼陷岩性油藏含油气性及主控因素.石油与天然气地质,2004,25(3):284~287[Gao Yongjin,Q iu Gu iq iang,Chen Dongxia,et a.l O il/gas shows in lithologic reser-voirs in N iuzhuang sag and their main controlling factors.O il&GasGeology,2004,25(3):284~287]
6陈嘉树,杨立明.东辛地区沙河街组三段中部砂体沉积特征及控制因素.石油勘探与开发,1997,24(5):38~41[Chen Jiashu,YangL im ing.Sand body sed im entary characteristics and control factors in them idd le th ird m ember of Shahejie formation in Dongxin region.Petrole-um Exploration and D evelopm ent,1977,24(5):38~41]
7王金铎,韩文功,于建国,等.东营凹陷沙三段浊积岩沉积体系及其油气勘探意义.石油学报,2003,24(6):24~29[W ang Jinduo,Han W engong,Yu Jianguo,et al.Turb id ity system in the th ird sectionof Shahejie formation of Dongying sag and its implications on petroleumprospecting.Acta Petrolei S in ica,2003,24(6):24~29]
8鄢继华,陈世悦,宋国奇,等.三角洲前缘滑塌浊积岩形成过程初探.沉积学报,2004,22(4):573~578[Yan Jihua,Chen Sh iyue,Song Guoq i,et a.l Prelim inary study on the formation of fluxoturb id itein front of delta.Acta Sed im entologica S in ica,2004,22(4):573~578]
9赖志云,周维.舌状三角洲和鸟足状三角洲形成及演变的沉积模拟实验.沉积学报,1994,12(2):37~44[Lai Zh iyun,Zhou W ei.Experim ental formation and developm ent of lobate and b irdfoot deltas.Acta Sed im entologica S in ica,1994,12(2):37~44]
10刘忠保,赖志云,汪崎生.湖泊三角洲砂体形成及演化的水槽实验初步研究.石油实验地质,1995,17(1):34~41[L iu Zhongbao,Lai Zh iyun,W ang Q isheng.Flum e-experim ental study on the forma-tion and evolution of lake delta sandbody.Experim ental Petroleum Ge-ology,1995,17(1):34~41]图版Ⅰ说明1.水槽模拟实验装置图;2.水槽实验模拟的三角洲剖面图;3.地震作用前的三角洲前缘;4.地震作用后的三角洲前缘;5.地震作用形成的二级断阶滑塌浊积体;6.无外界触发机制作用下三角洲前缘主河道入水口处压实沉陷形成的断阶;7.后期压实沉陷对前期压实沉陷的影响;8.无外界触发机制下三角洲前缘形成的多期压实沉陷;9.波浪作用后的三角洲前缘剖面图;10.波浪作用形成的三角洲前缘液化带及指状砂体;11.波浪作用形成的小型浊积体。
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心