走进各向异性孔隙弹性时代
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摘要
不管岩石中是否存在宏观尺度上的裂隙,几乎在所有的地壳岩石上都看到来自应力排齐微裂隙引起的横波分裂。这种分裂似乎是另一种在未损伤岩体内应力排齐的且充有液体的晶界裂隙和晶界孔隙引起的。这些裂隙存在着自组织临界态,对条件的微小变化极敏感。近几年Crampin和Zatsepin提出了有关应力排齐液体饱和微裂隙的各向异性孔隙弹性(APE)模型,用此APE模型成功地拟合了从实验室的1MHz观测值到野外的5Hz～4000Hz观测值。这表示APE模型为岩石对应力、孔隙液体压力、温度和空隙间液体粘度等变化条件的响应提供了一个较好的第一级近似。微裂隙内部几何形态的变化与地震横波表现形式的变化有密切的联系,所以认识各向异性孔隙弹性岩石形变和应力液体饱和的微裂隙岩石的自组织临界态形变具有重要的意义,尤其在油气开发方面。本文讨论了各向异性孔隙弹性的一些基本概念、意义和某些可能的应用。
引文
1 Grampin,S. 1997a,Going APE: Ⅰ-Modeling the inherent anisotropy of intack rock 67th Ann. Int.,SEG Meeting:952-955
2 Crampin,S. 1997b,Going APE: Ⅱ-The physical manifestation of self-organized criticality: 67th Ann. Int.,SEG Meeting:956-959
3 Grampin,S. 1997c,Going APE: Ⅲ-Implications and applications: 67th Ann. Int.,SEG Meeting:921-923
4 Grampin,S. and Zatsepin, S. V. 1995, Production seismology: the use of shear waves to monitor and model production in a proreactive and interactive reservoir: 65th Ann. Int. SEG Meeting: 199-202
5 Zatsepin, S. V. and Crampin, S. 1995, The metastable poro-reactive and interactive rockmass:anisotropic poro-clasticity:65th Ann. Int., SEG Meeting: 918-921
2 Crampin,S. 1997b,Going APE: Ⅱ-The physical manifestation of self-organized criticality: 67th Ann. Int.,SEG Meeting:956-959
3 Grampin,S. 1997c,Going APE: Ⅲ-Implications and applications: 67th Ann. Int.,SEG Meeting:921-923
4 Grampin,S. and Zatsepin, S. V. 1995, Production seismology: the use of shear waves to monitor and model production in a proreactive and interactive reservoir: 65th Ann. Int. SEG Meeting: 199-202
5 Zatsepin, S. V. and Crampin, S. 1995, The metastable poro-reactive and interactive rockmass:anisotropic poro-clasticity:65th Ann. Int., SEG Meeting: 918-921
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