油气储层图像(形)融合方法及应用研究
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摘要
图像融合是一种信息综合处理技术,通过对多个图像信息的提取与综合,获得同一目标的更准确、更为全面和更为可靠的图像描述,以利于目标的检测、识别或跟踪。油气储层图像(形)融合方法是一种空间域的加权图像融合的方法,它既可适用于无噪声图像的融合,也可适用于含噪声图像的融合;加权系数可采用简单方法确定,也可采用PCA变换确定,在图像融合过程中加权是自动进行的。油气储层图像融合充分利用和继承了多个表征储层特征和品质的图像中包含的冗余信息和互补信息,强化了图像中的信息,增强了图像的可靠性,因此融合后的储层图像具有良好的鲁棒性。文章基于储层裂缝富集区是油气的储集空间,成功地对某地区嘉凌江组嘉二1 储层的储层裂缝分布图和储层地震综合预测图进行了融合处理,应用该图形在嘉二1 储层的含天然气背景区中更准确和更可靠地圈定出天然气富集目标区,并为钻探所证实,这极大地提高了勘探成功率。
The image fusion is a comprehensive information processing technique. A more accurate, more overall and more reliable image description of the same target can be achiveved by the extraction and comprehension of multiple-image messages, which beneficial to the detection, identification or track of the target. The oil/gas reservoir image fusion method is a weighted image fasion technique of spatial domain, which can be used for both noise-free and noise images. The weighting coefficient may be determined by the simple method or principal component analysis (PCA) transform, and the weight is automatically executive in the process of image fusion. The redundant messages and complementary messages included by the images characterizing reservoir property and quality can be fully utilized and inherited by oil/gas reservoir image fusion, thus strengthening the messages in the image and enhancing the reliability of the image, so that the fused image has good robustness. The reservoir fracture distribution map and comprehensive seismic reservoir prediction map of T_1 j _2~1 (the first submember of the second member of Jialingjiang Formation, Lower Triassic) reservoir were successfully fused together in light of an idea that the fracture concentrative place is consistent with the oli/gas enrichment area. The natural gas enrichment target area was circled more accurately and more reliably in T_1 j _2~1 reservoir by applying the fused image, which was proved by drilling, thus raising greatly exploration success ratio.
The image fusion is a comprehensive information processing technique. A more accurate, more overall and more reliable image description of the same target can be achiveved by the extraction and comprehension of multiple-image messages, which beneficial to the detection, identification or track of the target. The oil/gas reservoir image fusion method is a weighted image fasion technique of spatial domain, which can be used for both noise-free and noise images. The weighting coefficient may be determined by the simple method or principal component analysis (PCA) transform, and the weight is automatically executive in the process of image fusion. The redundant messages and complementary messages included by the images characterizing reservoir property and quality can be fully utilized and inherited by oil/gas reservoir image fusion, thus strengthening the messages in the image and enhancing the reliability of the image, so that the fused image has good robustness. The reservoir fracture distribution map and comprehensive seismic reservoir prediction map of T_1 j _2~1 (the first submember of the second member of Jialingjiang Formation, Lower Triassic) reservoir were successfully fused together in light of an idea that the fracture concentrative place is consistent with the oli/gas enrichment area. The natural gas enrichment target area was circled more accurately and more reliably in T_1 j _2~1 reservoir by applying the fused image, which was proved by drilling, thus raising greatly exploration success ratio.
引文
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2 CastlemanK R著,朱志刚等译.数字图像处理.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
3 赵天昀.像素级图像融合技术研究.成都理工大学硕士论文,2004
4 汤志伟等.图像融合的一种新算法.电子与信息学报,2001;27(1):88~91
5 江东等.多源图像信息融合的理论与技术.甘肃科学学科报,2002;14(1):41~45
6 周金萍.MATLAB 6.5图形图像处理与应用实例.北京:科学出版社,2003
7 SimoneG et al.Image fusion techniques for remote sens ing application.Elsevier scienceLtd,InformationFusion,2002;3:3—15
8 李琼等.同铁构造嘉陵江组储层裂缝非线性预测与分析研究.矿物岩石,2004;24(2):78~81
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