“5·12”汶川地震对线路工程抗震技术提出的新课题
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摘要
"5·12"汶川地震对地震学、地震工程学都提出了新的挑战,对线路工程而言,核心科学问题是发生在山区的地震波传播的三维特性与地形巨大高差所导致的斜坡重力效应的耦合,对线路工程的破坏作用和工程在地震作用下的破坏机理。首先通过对汶川地震灾害现象的分析,归纳出线路工程抗震技术面临的3个新的课题:即基于艰险山区地震波传播特性的公路铁路选线设计技术,地震诱发线路工程山地灾害机理及防治技术,以系统工程理论为指导的生命线工程抗震对策;同时对这3个课题的研究现状和研究思路提出了建议;然后从填补现行规范空白以及对现有规范技术框架进行延展和更新两个层面,论述了汶川地震对线路工程抗震设计规范发展的推动作用。
"5·12" Wenchuan earthquake offered new challenges to seismology and earthquake engineering.For line engineering,the primary problems are damage mechanisms caused by the coupling interaction of three-dimensional characteristics of seismic wave propagation and gravity effect of slope in mountainous terrain.First,based on the analysis of the subgrade earthquake damage caused by Wenchuan earthquake,three new subjects on earthquake resistant techniques of line engineering are summarized,including highway and railway route selection techniques based on the propagational characteristic of seismic wave in mountainous area,the mechanisms and prevention techniques of mountain hazards caused by earthquake,and earthquake resistant countermeasures of lifeline engineering under the guidance of system engineering theory.Then,the research status and technical schemes on three new subjects are proposed.Last,from two phases,including the supplement of the blank of the current earthquake resistant design standards and the renew and development of the earthquake resistant technological framework,the promotion effect of Wenchuan earthquake on the development of earthquake resistant techniques of line engineering is presented.
"5·12" Wenchuan earthquake offered new challenges to seismology and earthquake engineering.For line engineering,the primary problems are damage mechanisms caused by the coupling interaction of three-dimensional characteristics of seismic wave propagation and gravity effect of slope in mountainous terrain.First,based on the analysis of the subgrade earthquake damage caused by Wenchuan earthquake,three new subjects on earthquake resistant techniques of line engineering are summarized,including highway and railway route selection techniques based on the propagational characteristic of seismic wave in mountainous area,the mechanisms and prevention techniques of mountain hazards caused by earthquake,and earthquake resistant countermeasures of lifeline engineering under the guidance of system engineering theory.Then,the research status and technical schemes on three new subjects are proposed.Last,from two phases,including the supplement of the blank of the current earthquake resistant design standards and the renew and development of the earthquake resistant technological framework,the promotion effect of Wenchuan earthquake on the development of earthquake resistant techniques of line engineering is presented.
引文
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[12]The extraction of mountain hazard induced by“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake and analysis of its distributing charac-teristic[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,,2008,12(6):956-963.[苏凤环,刘洪江,韩用顺.次生山地灾害遥感快速提取在“5.12”汶川地震中的应用[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):956-963.]
[2]Randall W Jibson.Regression models for estimating coseis-mic landslide displacement[J].Science Direct,EngineeringGeology,2007,91:209-218.
[3]Xu Guangxing,Yao Lingkan,Gao Zhaoning.Large-scaleshaking table model tests on dynamic characteristics and dy-namic responses of slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2008,28(3):624-632.[徐光兴,姚令侃.边坡动力特性与动力响应的大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):624-632.]
[4]Xu Guangxing,Yao Lingkan.Study on the dynamic respon-ses of slope under earthquake and the influence of groundmotion parameters on the responses[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):918-923.[徐光兴,姚令侃.边坡地震动力响应规律及地震动参数影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):919-923.]
[5]Yang Ming,Yao Lingkan,Wang Jian.Centrifuge model testof earthquake countermeasures for deposit-on-slope[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2008,43(3):335-340.[杨明,姚令侃,王建,等.斜坡堆积体抗震加固措施离心模型试验[J].西南交通大学学报,2008,43(3):335-340.]
[6]Yang Qinghua,Yao Lingkan,Qi Ying.Analysis of self-organ-ized criticality of centrifugal model tests on granular mixturesand earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engi-neering,2007,29(11):1630-1635.[杨庆华,姚令侃,齐颖.散粒体离心模型自组织临界性及地震效应分析,岩土工程学报,2007,29(11):1630-1635.]
[7]Yang Qinghua,Yao Lingkan,Ren Ziming,et al.Centrifugalmodel test on dynamical characteristic of landslips of looseslope under seismic Loading[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2008,27(2):368-374.[杨庆华,姚令侃,任自铭,等.地震作用下松散体斜坡崩塌动力学特性离心模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(2):368-374.]
[8]铁道第一勘察设计院.GB 50111-2006铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.(Republic ofChina ministry of railways.GB 50111-2006 Code for seis-mic design of railway[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2006.
[9]交通部公路规划设计院.JTJ004-89公路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1999.(Highway Plan-ning and Design Institute of Ministry of CommunicationsJTJ004-89.Code for seismic design of highway[S].Bei-jing:China Communications Press,1999.
[10]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院.JTGD30-2004公路路基设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.(CCCCSecond Highway Consultants Co.Ltd.JTGD30-2004Specifications for Design of Highway Subgrades[S].Bei-jing:China Communications Press,2004.
[11]Wu Wei,Yao Lingkan,Chen Qiang.Study on influence ofshape and reinforced measures on seismic response[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University:Natural Sciences,2008(05):689-694.[吴伟,姚令侃,陈强.坡形和加筋措施对地震响应影响的振动台模型实验研究[J].重庆交通大学学报:自然科学版,2008(5):689-694.]
[12]The extraction of mountain hazard induced by“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake and analysis of its distributing charac-teristic[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,,2008,12(6):956-963.[苏凤环,刘洪江,韩用顺.次生山地灾害遥感快速提取在“5.12”汶川地震中的应用[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):956-963.]
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