矿山地震与瓦斯突出的相关性及其在震源物理研究中的意义
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摘要
介绍了矿山地震与瓦斯突出等煤矿灾害及成因,并通过若干煤矿瓦斯突出和矿山地震的同震现象,论述了这些灾害在动力过程中的内在关系.这些震例表明,在高瓦斯煤矿,矿山地震与瓦斯突出存在密切的相关.认为较大矿震伴随瓦斯的低值延时响应可能是瓦斯突出的预警信号.从矿震定位、震源机制、矿震成因、瓦斯突出条件等分析了矿震与瓦斯突出相关的机理.进一步介绍了瓦斯流体对矿震的触发作用,尤其超临界流体的特殊性质在矿震发生中的重要作用.依据矿震与构造地震在机制方面的相似性,讨论了上述结果在震源物理研究中的意义.
This paper presents an overview of mining seismicity, gas outburst and their origin. The internal relation of mining seismicity and gas outburst in the dynamic process is studied on the basis of the fact that these disasters sometimes occur simultaneously. The examples show a close relationship between mining seismicity and gas outburst in high gassy coal mines. It is proposed that strong mine shocks plus the response of low value and delay time are early warning signals. The mechanism of the relationship between mining seismicity and gas outburst is analyzed by using the location of mining shocks, focus mechanism, cause of mining shocks and conditions of gas outburst. The trigger action of gas fluid on mining shocks, especially the effect of the anomalous property of supercritical fluid on the preparation and occurrence of mining shocks is discussed. According to the similarity between mining-induced earthquakes and tectonic earthquakes in terms of mechanism, the significance of the above results in the study of physics of earthquake source is also discussed.
This paper presents an overview of mining seismicity, gas outburst and their origin. The internal relation of mining seismicity and gas outburst in the dynamic process is studied on the basis of the fact that these disasters sometimes occur simultaneously. The examples show a close relationship between mining seismicity and gas outburst in high gassy coal mines. It is proposed that strong mine shocks plus the response of low value and delay time are early warning signals. The mechanism of the relationship between mining seismicity and gas outburst is analyzed by using the location of mining shocks, focus mechanism, cause of mining shocks and conditions of gas outburst. The trigger action of gas fluid on mining shocks, especially the effect of the anomalous property of supercritical fluid on the preparation and occurrence of mining shocks is discussed. According to the similarity between mining-induced earthquakes and tectonic earthquakes in terms of mechanism, the significance of the above results in the study of physics of earthquake source is also discussed.
引文
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程五一,张序明,吴福昌.2005.煤与瓦斯突出区域预测理论及技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社:204.
何学秋,王恩元,林海燕.1996.孔隙气体对煤体变形及蚀损作用机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,25(1):6-11.
姜福兴,杨淑华,成云海,等.2006.煤矿冲击地压的微地震监测研究[J].地球物理学报,49(5):1511-1516.
蒋承林,俞启香.1998.煤与瓦斯突出的球壳失稳机理及防治技术[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社:1-114.
景耀光.2001.煤与瓦斯突出时固态烃转化为气态烃的假说验证[J].矿业安全与环保,28(增刊):143
李世愚,和雪松,张少泉,等.2004.矿山地震仪器的使用、观测情况及前景[J].地球物理学进展,19(4):853-859.
李世愚,和雪松,许忠淮,等.2005.矿山地震与瓦斯溢出相关性的研究及其在煤矿安全中的意义[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,(S3):26-29.
李世愚,和雪松,张天中,等.2006a.地震学在减轻矿山地质灾害中的应用进展[J].科学研究月刊,(10):57-60.
李世愚,和雪松,潘科,等.2006b.矿山地震、瓦斯突出及其相关性d[J].煤炭学报,31:11-19.
李世愚,和雪松,潘科,等.2007.矿山地震、瓦斯突出、煤岩体破裂—煤矿安全中的科学问题[J].物理,36(2):136-145.
孙峰.2001.特厚煤层冲击地压区防治煤与瓦斯突出的探讨[J].煤矿安全,3(2):30-31.
唐有祺.1979.统计力学及其在物理化学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社:592.
吴淑才,覃子建.1994.浅析贵州矿山地震活动[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),12(1):49-58.
谢鸿森.1997.地球深部物质科学导论[M].北京:科学出版社:1-297.
俞善炳,谈庆明,丁雁生,等.1998.含气多孔介质卸压层裂的间隔特征:突出的前兆[J].力学学报,30(2):145-150.
张子敏,林又玲,吕绍林.1998.中国煤层瓦斯分布特征[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社:1-132.
张建博,王红岩,赵庆波.2000.中国煤层气地质[J].北京:地质出版社:1-96.
张萍,蒋秀琴.2001.岫岩—海城MS5.4地震序列的震源机制解及应力场特征[J].地震地磁观测与研究,22(2):76-82.
张天中,武巴特尔,和雪松,等.2005.抚顺老虎台矿震的定位结果及分析[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,(S3):69-72.
郑哲敏.2004.从数量级和量纲分析看煤和瓦斯突出的机理[M].北京:科学出版社:380-392.
布霍依诺G著.1981.李玉生译.1985.矿山压力与冲击地压[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社:1-123.
Gibowicz S J,Kijko A,1994.An Introduction to Mining Seismicity[M].New York:Academic Press,1-399.
Horner R B,Hasegawa HS.1978.The seismotectonics of southern Saskatchewarn[J].Can J Earth Sci,15:1341-1355.
Jaeger J C,Cook G W.1979.Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics[M].Third edition.London:Chapman and Hall:1-585.
Kanamori H,Anderson D L.1975.Theoretical basis of some empirical relationin seismology[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,65(5):1073-1095.
Kuksenko V,Tomilin N,Damaskinskaya E,et al.1996.Atwo-stage model of fracture of rocks[J].Pure Appl Geo-phys,146(2):253-263.
Yasuhilo A,Takeshi F.1993.Characteristics of supercritical fluids[J].The Reviewof High Pressure Science and Tech-nology.2(4):262-264.
Zhurkov S N.1965.Kinetic concept of the strength of solids[J].Int J Fracture Mech,1:311-323.
程五一,张序明,吴福昌.2005.煤与瓦斯突出区域预测理论及技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社:204.
何学秋,王恩元,林海燕.1996.孔隙气体对煤体变形及蚀损作用机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,25(1):6-11.
姜福兴,杨淑华,成云海,等.2006.煤矿冲击地压的微地震监测研究[J].地球物理学报,49(5):1511-1516.
蒋承林,俞启香.1998.煤与瓦斯突出的球壳失稳机理及防治技术[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社:1-114.
景耀光.2001.煤与瓦斯突出时固态烃转化为气态烃的假说验证[J].矿业安全与环保,28(增刊):143
李世愚,和雪松,张少泉,等.2004.矿山地震仪器的使用、观测情况及前景[J].地球物理学进展,19(4):853-859.
李世愚,和雪松,许忠淮,等.2005.矿山地震与瓦斯溢出相关性的研究及其在煤矿安全中的意义[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,(S3):26-29.
李世愚,和雪松,张天中,等.2006a.地震学在减轻矿山地质灾害中的应用进展[J].科学研究月刊,(10):57-60.
李世愚,和雪松,潘科,等.2006b.矿山地震、瓦斯突出及其相关性d[J].煤炭学报,31:11-19.
李世愚,和雪松,潘科,等.2007.矿山地震、瓦斯突出、煤岩体破裂—煤矿安全中的科学问题[J].物理,36(2):136-145.
孙峰.2001.特厚煤层冲击地压区防治煤与瓦斯突出的探讨[J].煤矿安全,3(2):30-31.
唐有祺.1979.统计力学及其在物理化学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社:592.
吴淑才,覃子建.1994.浅析贵州矿山地震活动[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),12(1):49-58.
谢鸿森.1997.地球深部物质科学导论[M].北京:科学出版社:1-297.
俞善炳,谈庆明,丁雁生,等.1998.含气多孔介质卸压层裂的间隔特征:突出的前兆[J].力学学报,30(2):145-150.
张子敏,林又玲,吕绍林.1998.中国煤层瓦斯分布特征[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社:1-132.
张建博,王红岩,赵庆波.2000.中国煤层气地质[J].北京:地质出版社:1-96.
张萍,蒋秀琴.2001.岫岩—海城MS5.4地震序列的震源机制解及应力场特征[J].地震地磁观测与研究,22(2):76-82.
张天中,武巴特尔,和雪松,等.2005.抚顺老虎台矿震的定位结果及分析[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,(S3):69-72.
郑哲敏.2004.从数量级和量纲分析看煤和瓦斯突出的机理[M].北京:科学出版社:380-392.
布霍依诺G著.1981.李玉生译.1985.矿山压力与冲击地压[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社:1-123.
Gibowicz S J,Kijko A,1994.An Introduction to Mining Seismicity[M].New York:Academic Press,1-399.
Horner R B,Hasegawa HS.1978.The seismotectonics of southern Saskatchewarn[J].Can J Earth Sci,15:1341-1355.
Jaeger J C,Cook G W.1979.Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics[M].Third edition.London:Chapman and Hall:1-585.
Kanamori H,Anderson D L.1975.Theoretical basis of some empirical relationin seismology[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,65(5):1073-1095.
Kuksenko V,Tomilin N,Damaskinskaya E,et al.1996.Atwo-stage model of fracture of rocks[J].Pure Appl Geo-phys,146(2):253-263.
Yasuhilo A,Takeshi F.1993.Characteristics of supercritical fluids[J].The Reviewof High Pressure Science and Tech-nology.2(4):262-264.
Zhurkov S N.1965.Kinetic concept of the strength of solids[J].Int J Fracture Mech,1:311-323.
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