塔里木盆地阿克库勒凸起油气输导体系类型与演化
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摘要
阿克库勒凸起受多期构造叠加影响,具有长期生烃、多期供烃的烃源特征,油气输导体系复杂。在分析输导路径、输导能力及作用的基础上,将输导系统分成断裂型、不整合型、输导层型及复合型4类。利用地震和钻井资料恢复古构造格局,分析输导体系的演化及配置关系,认识油气运移的动态过程,指出区域性深大断裂是油气垂向运移的主要通道,而输导层和不整合面(中-下奥陶统顶面、奥陶系顶面和志留系顶面)的叠置是油气侧向运移的关键因素,并且油气成藏关键时刻输导体顶面的几何形态,尤其是古构造脊线的展布特征,决定了油气优势运移的方向和路径。由断层—不整合面—岩溶网络组成的"层—面—网"复式输导系统相互匹配,沿构造脊线呈立体网状阶梯式运移是研究区油气输导体系最鲜明的特点。
The Akekule Rise is a sub-order tectonic unit in the northern Tarim Basin.Controlled by several tectonic movements during the long geohistory,the oil-gas accumulation there was characterized with long-term hydrocarbon-generation,multiple-epoch providing and complicated pathway systems.Based on an analysis of transportation pathway,capability and effect,the pathway systems could be divided into four types: the fault-type,the unconformity-type,the carrier bed-type and the combination-type.By reconstructing the paleo-tectonic framework on the base of seismic data and well information,analyzing evolution and their coordinate of the pathway systems,and recognizing the dynamic processes of oil-gas migration,our work pointed out that the regional deep faults were main paths for vertical transportation of oil and gas.Furthermore,our study found that the superposition of carrier bed and unconformities,such as the top surface of Lower-Middle Ordovician(T47),the top surface of Upper Ordovician(T07) and the top surface of Silurian(T06),was a key factor for horizontal migration of oil and gas.The geometrical shapes of the pathway system, especially the distribution of the paleo-structural ridge during the key epochs of oil-gas gathering in geohistory,might decide the predominant migrational direction and path of oil and gas.In the Akekula Rise,the most distinct character of oil-gas transportation was: a compound pathway system consisted of fault,unconformity plane and karst network,and the hydrocarbon migration along structural ridge in a form of three-dimensional netted ladder.
The Akekule Rise is a sub-order tectonic unit in the northern Tarim Basin.Controlled by several tectonic movements during the long geohistory,the oil-gas accumulation there was characterized with long-term hydrocarbon-generation,multiple-epoch providing and complicated pathway systems.Based on an analysis of transportation pathway,capability and effect,the pathway systems could be divided into four types: the fault-type,the unconformity-type,the carrier bed-type and the combination-type.By reconstructing the paleo-tectonic framework on the base of seismic data and well information,analyzing evolution and their coordinate of the pathway systems,and recognizing the dynamic processes of oil-gas migration,our work pointed out that the regional deep faults were main paths for vertical transportation of oil and gas.Furthermore,our study found that the superposition of carrier bed and unconformities,such as the top surface of Lower-Middle Ordovician(T47),the top surface of Upper Ordovician(T07) and the top surface of Silurian(T06),was a key factor for horizontal migration of oil and gas.The geometrical shapes of the pathway system, especially the distribution of the paleo-structural ridge during the key epochs of oil-gas gathering in geohistory,might decide the predominant migrational direction and path of oil and gas.In the Akekula Rise,the most distinct character of oil-gas transportation was: a compound pathway system consisted of fault,unconformity plane and karst network,and the hydrocarbon migration along structural ridge in a form of three-dimensional netted ladder.
引文
陈强路,黄继文.2004.塔河油田油气输导体系与运聚模式.新疆石油地质,25(2):143—146.Cheng Qianglu and Huang Jiwen.2004.Hydrocarbon conduct system and migration-accumulation model in Tahe Oilfield.Xin-jiang Petroleum Geology,25(2):143—146.
付广,薛永超,付晓飞.2001.油气运移输导系统及其对成藏的控制.新疆石油地质,22(1):24—26.Fu Guang,Xue Yongchao and Fu Xiaofei.2001.On oil-gas migration system and their control over the formation of reservoir.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,22(1):24—26.
付晓飞,王朋岩,吕延防,付广,杨勉,孟庆芬.2007.松辽盆地西部斜坡构造特征及对油气成藏的控制.地质科学,42(2):209—222.Fu Xiaofei,Wang Pengyan,LüYanfang,Fu Guang,Yang Mian and Meng Qingfen.2007.Tectonic features and control of oil-gas accumulation in the West Slope of Songliao Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(2):209—222.
龚再升,杨甲明.1999.油气成藏动力学及油气运移模型.中国海上油气(地质),13(4):235—239.Gong Zaisheng and Yang Jiaming.1999.Migration models and pool-forming dynamics.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geolo-gy),13(4):235—239.
何治亮,徐宏节,段铁军.2005.塔里木多旋回盆地复合构造样式初步分析.地质科学,40(2):153—166.He Zhiliang,Xu Hongjie and Duan Tiejun.2005.A preliminary analysis on compound structural styles in the Tarim polycyclicbasin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(2):153—166.
黄志龙,柳广弟,郝石生.1998.脉冲式混相涌流——天然气成藏的一种特殊运移方式.天然气工业,18(2):7—9.Huang Zhilong,Liu Guangdi and Hao Shisheng.1998.Pulse miscible phase flow—A special migration pattern of forming gasreservoir.Natural Gas Industry,18(2):7—9.
林忠民.2002.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系大型油气藏形成条件.地质论评,48(4):372—376.Lin Zhongmin.2002.Formation condition of large-scale oil-gas pool in Ordovician carbonate rock in the Tahe Oilfield,TarimBasin.Geol.Rev.,48(4):372—376.
刘静江,刘慧荣,谭琳,张春莲.2004.塔里木盆地轮南奥陶系古潜山油气成藏与分布.地质科学,39(4):532—542.Liu Jingjiang,Liu Huirong,Tan Lin and Zhang Chunlian.2004.Reservoir characteristics and distributions of the Ordovicianburied hill reservoir in Lunnan,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,39(4):532—542.
吕延防,孙永河,付晓飞,付广,杨勉,祝彦贺.2005.逆断层中天然气运移特征的物理模拟.地质科学,40(4):464—475.LüYanfang,Sun Yonghe,Fu Xiaofei,Fu Guang,Yang Mian and Zhu Yanhe.2005.Physical experiment of gas migration alongreverse fault.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(4):464—475.
孙龙德,李曰俊.2004.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起:一个复式油气聚集区.地质科学,39(2):296—304.Sun Longde and Li Yuejun.2004.The Lunnan Lower Uplift:A multiple oil-gas accumulation play in the Tarim Basin,NWChina.Chinese Jour.Geol.,39(2):296—304.
孙龙德,周新源,王国林.2005.塔里木盆地石油地质研究新进展和油气勘探主攻方向.地质科学,40(2):167—178.Sun Longde,Zhou Xinyuan and Wang Guolin.2005.Contribution of petroleum geology and main directions of oil-gas explora-tion in the Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(2):167—178.
孙龙德,李曰俊,江同文,杨海军.2007.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起:一个典型的复式油气聚集区.地质科学,42(3):602—620.Sun Longde,Li Yuejun,Jiang Tongwen and Yang Haijun.2007.The Central Tarim Lower Uplift:A composite hydrocarbonaccumulation play in Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):602—620.
王斌,祝春荣,丰勇.2006.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起油气输导体系及运移脊线.海洋石油,26(1):1—6.Wang Bin,Zhu Chunrong and Feng Yong.2006.Structure ridge and hydrocarbon migration pathway system of Panyu LowUp-lift in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.Offshore Oil,26(1):1—6.
向才富,夏斌,解习农,冯志强.2004.松辽盆地西部斜坡带油气运移主输导通道.石油与天然气地质,25(2):204—208.Xiang Caifu,Xia Bin,Xie Xi’nong and Feng Zhiqiang.2004.Major hydrocarbon migration pathway system in western slopezone of Songliao basin.Oil&Gas Geology,25(2):204—208.
尹微,樊太亮,曾清波.2006.塔里木盆地巴楚地区输导体系类型及油气成藏.石油实验地质,28(4):340—344.Yin Wei,Fan Tailiang and Zeng Qingbo.2006.Pathway system types and hydrocarbon accumulation in Bachu area,the TarimBasin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,28(4):340—344.
张照录,杨红.2000.含油气盆地的输导体系研究.石油与天然气地质,21(2):133—135.Zhang Zhaolu and Yang Hong.2000.Study on passage system of petroliferous basin.Oil&Gas Geology,21(2):133—135.
赵文智,何登发,翟辉,雷振宇,池英柳.2001.复合含油气系统中油气运移流向研究的意义.石油学报,22(4):7—12.Zhao Wenzhi,He Dengfa,Zhai Hui,Lei Zhenyu and Chi Yingliu.2001.Study on the pathways of hydrocarbon migration of thecomposite petroleum system.Acta Petrolei Sinica,22(4):7—12.
周玉琦,黎玉战,侯鸿斌.2001.塔里木盆地塔河油田的勘探实践与认识.石油实验地质,23(4):363—367.Zhou Yuqi,Li Yuzhan and Hou Hongbin.2001.In-depth study and exploration practice of Tahe oilfield of the Tarim Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,23(4):363—367.
付广,薛永超,付晓飞.2001.油气运移输导系统及其对成藏的控制.新疆石油地质,22(1):24—26.Fu Guang,Xue Yongchao and Fu Xiaofei.2001.On oil-gas migration system and their control over the formation of reservoir.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,22(1):24—26.
付晓飞,王朋岩,吕延防,付广,杨勉,孟庆芬.2007.松辽盆地西部斜坡构造特征及对油气成藏的控制.地质科学,42(2):209—222.Fu Xiaofei,Wang Pengyan,LüYanfang,Fu Guang,Yang Mian and Meng Qingfen.2007.Tectonic features and control of oil-gas accumulation in the West Slope of Songliao Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(2):209—222.
龚再升,杨甲明.1999.油气成藏动力学及油气运移模型.中国海上油气(地质),13(4):235—239.Gong Zaisheng and Yang Jiaming.1999.Migration models and pool-forming dynamics.China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geolo-gy),13(4):235—239.
何治亮,徐宏节,段铁军.2005.塔里木多旋回盆地复合构造样式初步分析.地质科学,40(2):153—166.He Zhiliang,Xu Hongjie and Duan Tiejun.2005.A preliminary analysis on compound structural styles in the Tarim polycyclicbasin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(2):153—166.
黄志龙,柳广弟,郝石生.1998.脉冲式混相涌流——天然气成藏的一种特殊运移方式.天然气工业,18(2):7—9.Huang Zhilong,Liu Guangdi and Hao Shisheng.1998.Pulse miscible phase flow—A special migration pattern of forming gasreservoir.Natural Gas Industry,18(2):7—9.
林忠民.2002.塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系大型油气藏形成条件.地质论评,48(4):372—376.Lin Zhongmin.2002.Formation condition of large-scale oil-gas pool in Ordovician carbonate rock in the Tahe Oilfield,TarimBasin.Geol.Rev.,48(4):372—376.
刘静江,刘慧荣,谭琳,张春莲.2004.塔里木盆地轮南奥陶系古潜山油气成藏与分布.地质科学,39(4):532—542.Liu Jingjiang,Liu Huirong,Tan Lin and Zhang Chunlian.2004.Reservoir characteristics and distributions of the Ordovicianburied hill reservoir in Lunnan,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,39(4):532—542.
吕延防,孙永河,付晓飞,付广,杨勉,祝彦贺.2005.逆断层中天然气运移特征的物理模拟.地质科学,40(4):464—475.LüYanfang,Sun Yonghe,Fu Xiaofei,Fu Guang,Yang Mian and Zhu Yanhe.2005.Physical experiment of gas migration alongreverse fault.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(4):464—475.
孙龙德,李曰俊.2004.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起:一个复式油气聚集区.地质科学,39(2):296—304.Sun Longde and Li Yuejun.2004.The Lunnan Lower Uplift:A multiple oil-gas accumulation play in the Tarim Basin,NWChina.Chinese Jour.Geol.,39(2):296—304.
孙龙德,周新源,王国林.2005.塔里木盆地石油地质研究新进展和油气勘探主攻方向.地质科学,40(2):167—178.Sun Longde,Zhou Xinyuan and Wang Guolin.2005.Contribution of petroleum geology and main directions of oil-gas explora-tion in the Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(2):167—178.
孙龙德,李曰俊,江同文,杨海军.2007.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起:一个典型的复式油气聚集区.地质科学,42(3):602—620.Sun Longde,Li Yuejun,Jiang Tongwen and Yang Haijun.2007.The Central Tarim Lower Uplift:A composite hydrocarbonaccumulation play in Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):602—620.
王斌,祝春荣,丰勇.2006.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起油气输导体系及运移脊线.海洋石油,26(1):1—6.Wang Bin,Zhu Chunrong and Feng Yong.2006.Structure ridge and hydrocarbon migration pathway system of Panyu LowUp-lift in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.Offshore Oil,26(1):1—6.
向才富,夏斌,解习农,冯志强.2004.松辽盆地西部斜坡带油气运移主输导通道.石油与天然气地质,25(2):204—208.Xiang Caifu,Xia Bin,Xie Xi’nong and Feng Zhiqiang.2004.Major hydrocarbon migration pathway system in western slopezone of Songliao basin.Oil&Gas Geology,25(2):204—208.
尹微,樊太亮,曾清波.2006.塔里木盆地巴楚地区输导体系类型及油气成藏.石油实验地质,28(4):340—344.Yin Wei,Fan Tailiang and Zeng Qingbo.2006.Pathway system types and hydrocarbon accumulation in Bachu area,the TarimBasin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,28(4):340—344.
张照录,杨红.2000.含油气盆地的输导体系研究.石油与天然气地质,21(2):133—135.Zhang Zhaolu and Yang Hong.2000.Study on passage system of petroliferous basin.Oil&Gas Geology,21(2):133—135.
赵文智,何登发,翟辉,雷振宇,池英柳.2001.复合含油气系统中油气运移流向研究的意义.石油学报,22(4):7—12.Zhao Wenzhi,He Dengfa,Zhai Hui,Lei Zhenyu and Chi Yingliu.2001.Study on the pathways of hydrocarbon migration of thecomposite petroleum system.Acta Petrolei Sinica,22(4):7—12.
周玉琦,黎玉战,侯鸿斌.2001.塔里木盆地塔河油田的勘探实践与认识.石油实验地质,23(4):363—367.Zhou Yuqi,Li Yuzhan and Hou Hongbin.2001.In-depth study and exploration practice of Tahe oilfield of the Tarim Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,23(4):363—367.
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