地震作用对车辆-道路系统耦合振动的影响
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摘要
车辆采用13自由度三维全车模型,路面采用Kelvin地基上Euler梁单位进行离散,通过路面与轮胎接触点的平衡,建立起可以考虑车辆侧向滑动的车路耦合振动模型.将路面初始不平顺视为系统的竖向自激激励源,地震作为外部激励,建立起竖向和横向地震荷载共同作用下车路耦合方程,采用New-mark积分法对耦合方程组进行求解.数值分析结果表明,分析模型下,车路耦合系统的动力响应取决于地震荷载,而地震荷载作用会使车辆的行驶安全性和乘坐舒适性明显下降;横向地震荷载对车辆和路面的横向振动有显著影响,对车辆的竖向振动可忽略;竖向地震荷载对车辆和路面的竖向振动影响较大,对车体的横向振动有一定程度的影响,以至于在评判车辆运行安全性时必须考虑其影响.
The vehicle is simplified as a three dimension vibrating model with thirteen-freedoms.The road is supposed as an Euler Beam on the Kelvin base and divided with beam elements.Based on the force equilibrium between the road and the tire,the vibrating model of a vehicle-road coupling system considering the transverse displacement of the vehicle is presented.Taking the road irregularities as system's self-excitation source and a seismic action as an external excitation,the dynamic functions of the vehicle-road coupled system are derived under vertical and transverse earthquake.The functions are solved with the New-mark method.The results show that: the dynamic response of the vehicle-road coupling system depends on the seismic intensity under the model of this paper,seismic intensity will make the vehicle's safety and riding comfort to decline significantly,the transverse seismic intensity has a significant impact on the transverse dynamic response of a vehicle and the influence on the vertical vibration of a vehicle can be ignorant,and the vertical seismic intensity has a major impact on the vertical vibration of a vehicle and road.However,the influence of the vertical seismic intensity on the transverse acceleration of a vehicle is so important that the impact of vertical seismic intensity on judging the safety of a vehicle must be considered.
The vehicle is simplified as a three dimension vibrating model with thirteen-freedoms.The road is supposed as an Euler Beam on the Kelvin base and divided with beam elements.Based on the force equilibrium between the road and the tire,the vibrating model of a vehicle-road coupling system considering the transverse displacement of the vehicle is presented.Taking the road irregularities as system's self-excitation source and a seismic action as an external excitation,the dynamic functions of the vehicle-road coupled system are derived under vertical and transverse earthquake.The functions are solved with the New-mark method.The results show that: the dynamic response of the vehicle-road coupling system depends on the seismic intensity under the model of this paper,seismic intensity will make the vehicle's safety and riding comfort to decline significantly,the transverse seismic intensity has a significant impact on the transverse dynamic response of a vehicle and the influence on the vertical vibration of a vehicle can be ignorant,and the vertical seismic intensity has a major impact on the vertical vibration of a vehicle and road.However,the influence of the vertical seismic intensity on the transverse acceleration of a vehicle is so important that the impact of vertical seismic intensity on judging the safety of a vehicle must be considered.
引文
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[2]LIU CHIN,B FRANK MCCUllOUGH,HONG S OEY.Response of rigid pavements due to vehicle-road inter-action[J].Journal of transportation engineering,2000,126(3):237-242.
[3]李韶华.重载汽车-路面-路基耦合系统动力学研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2008.
[4]尉红彬,李韶华.重载汽车与路面的动力相互作用研究[J].石家庄铁道学院学报,2009,22(4):36-40.
[5]李韶华,杨绍普.重型汽车与路面的耦合作用研究[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(6):155-160.
[6]张丙强,李亮.车辆-路面耦合振动系统模型与仿真分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(2):35-38.
[7]张丙强,李亮.人-车-路耦合系统振动分析及舒适度评价[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(1):1-5.
[8]张丙强.竖向环境振动对人车路系统耦合振动的影响分析[J].动力学与控制学报,2012,10(2):186-191.
[9]郭孔辉,刘青,国峰.轮胎包容特性分析及其在汽车振动系统建模中的应用[J].汽车工程,1999,21(2):66-73.
[10]张立军,张天侠.车辆四轮相关时域随机输入通用模型的研究[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(12):29-33.
[11]韩万水,马麟,刘健新.风环境下汽车-路面系统侧向空间耦合振动关系研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(10):74-82.
[12]马麟,韩万水,刘健新,等.几种典型车辆在斜拉桥桥面行驶的临界风速研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(10):30-35.
[13]方志,殷新锋,彭献,等.非匀速车辆与随机路面路面的耦合振动分析[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(1):30-36.
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