东亚边缘海域地貌格局与岛弧地震活动时空差异的关系探讨
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摘要
东亚岛弧海沟系在平面形态上表现明显的不连续性,各段两端向大陆弯曲,中部向海凸出,这种形式与海底岭脊密切相关;地震活动沿岛弧呈狭窄的带状分布.但其活动性在岛弧的延伸方向上及岛弧间存在明显的差异,表现在岛弧两端或岛弧与海岭的交接地段活动性较强,而中段活动性较弱。菲律宾海板块西侧(靠大陆)活动性较其东侧(靠太平洋)强,马里亚纳弧的NNE和NE方向段地震活动弱于其它的方向段。岛弧地震和大陆地震发生的时间关系,也反映地震活动的应力来源于大陆向海洋的运动。
The island -arc is not always in a row. Both ends of each island arc bend toward the continent, and the middle part is convex to the sea. The author considers that there are close relationships between the plane form of island-arcs and submarine ridges. The seismic activity shows a distribution in narrow belt-shape along island arcs, but the activity frequency differs greatly along island-arc stretch or between island-arcs. It is shown that the activity frequency at both ends of island-arcs or the cross point of island-arc and sea ridge is more intensive than that in the middle. And that along island-arcs in the west (near the continent) of the Philippine Plate is more intenssive than that in the east (near the Pacific Ocean), that along the island-arc in NNE and NE direction is less intensive than that in the other direction of Marianasarc. The author considers that these facts may not support the view that the Pacific plate moves and extrudes to the continent on its own initiative, but shows that the stress of seismic activity comes from the movement of continent (or island arc) to the sea.
The island -arc is not always in a row. Both ends of each island arc bend toward the continent, and the middle part is convex to the sea. The author considers that there are close relationships between the plane form of island-arcs and submarine ridges. The seismic activity shows a distribution in narrow belt-shape along island arcs, but the activity frequency differs greatly along island-arc stretch or between island-arcs. It is shown that the activity frequency at both ends of island-arcs or the cross point of island-arc and sea ridge is more intensive than that in the middle. And that along island-arcs in the west (near the continent) of the Philippine Plate is more intenssive than that in the east (near the Pacific Ocean), that along the island-arc in NNE and NE direction is less intensive than that in the other direction of Marianasarc. The author considers that these facts may not support the view that the Pacific plate moves and extrudes to the continent on its own initiative, but shows that the stress of seismic activity comes from the movement of continent (or island arc) to the sea.
引文
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[2] 、米纳德H W著,郝颐寿等译.太平洋海洋地质.北京:科学出版社,1978:79～95
[3] 、刘昭蜀等.西北太平洋海沟-岛弧断褶系与边缘海断块区的形成和演化。中国及邻区海陆大地构造.(张文佑等编著).北京:科学出版社,1986:401～402
[4] 、Aubouin J.Some aspects of the tectomcs of subduction zones.Tectonphysics,1989,160()
[5] 、Uyeda S and Kanamori H.Back-Arc Opening and the Mode of Subduction.Journal of Geophysical.1979,83(b3)
[6] 、Uyeda S.Subduction Zone:Their Diversity,Mechanism and Human Impacts.Geojurnal.1984:381～406
[7] 、Sengor A M C著,丁晓等译.板块构造学与造山运动.上海:复旦大学出版社,1992:36～100
[8] 、高明修.东亚北东向断块与现代地裂运动.北京:地震出版社,1995
[9] 、鄢家全,汪素云,贾素娟.震源机制分析,见中国海区及邻域地质地球物理特征(刘光鼎主编)。北京:科学出版社,1992:194～202
[10] 、国家地质局地质研究所.亚欧地震构造图及说明书.北京:地震出版社,1981
[11] 、Mogi K.Active periods in the world‘s chief seismic belts.Tectonophysics,1974,22
[12] 、M B著,朱佛宏译.近1． 2亿年来太平洋板块的绝对运动.海洋地质译丛,1985(3)
[13] 、金性春.板块构造学基础.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1983
[14] 、金性春.俯冲作用及其与构造旋回的关系.海洋通报,1990,9(2) :77～83
[15] 、Miyashiro A.Hot Regions and the Origin of Marginal Basins in the Western Pacific,Tectonophysics,1986,122():195～216
[16] 、Tamaki K and Honza E著,李春庚译.全球构造与边缘盆地的形成:西太平洋的作用.国外地质,1992,(5)
[17] 、Taylor B and Hayes D E.Origin and History of the South China Sea Basin,The tectomc And Geologic Evolution Of Southeast Asia Seas And Islands:Part2(Geophysical monograhpy).American Geophysican Union,1983:23～56
[18] 、中科院南海海洋研究所.南海地质构造与陆缘扩张.北京:科学出版社,1988
[19] 、Ueyda S,李春庚译.日本岛弧和俯冲过程.国外地质,1992,(5)
[20] 、金性春,周祖翼,汪品先.大洋钻探与中国地球科学.上海:同济大学出版社, 1995
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