汶川强震区都江堰市双养子沟泥石流调查
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摘要
2010年都江堰地区"8.13"强降雨导致该市龙池镇双养子沟爆发泥石流灾害。此次泥石流发生在汶川地震的高烈度区,是地震与降雨共同作用下的结果,研究其形成及成灾过程对认识强震区泥石流的发育意义重大。通过对此次泥石流灾害的现场调查,分析双养子沟泥石流流域特征,特别是在地震和暴雨共同作用下的泥石流沟道特征,讨论泥石流的起动方式。结果表明:双养子沟内崩塌滑坡体十分发育,沟床含有丰富的固体松散物质,沟内还分布有多处跌水坎及天然堆石坝;双养子沟道右岸滑坡体H1是在强降雨情况下失稳滑入沟床,堵塞沟道,然后在洪水作用下溃决形成泥石流的;泥石流沟在20 a一遇或大于20 a一遇强降雨条件下很有可能再次爆发泥石流。
In 2010,the intense rainstorm on 13 August induced debris flow hazard in Dujiangyan City,Sichuan Province,the affecting area of Wenchuan earthquake.This debris flow is the result of both rainfall and earthquake.Therefore,it is significant to make clear of the development characteristics of debris flows by studying its formation and movement process in high seismic intensity area.For discussing the starting way of debris,this paper analyzed the watershed,especially the gully channel characteristics of Shuangyangzi gully based on field survey after the Wenchuan earthquake.Earthquake induced acitive development of disasters as collapse,landslide and provided abundant incompact solid matters,in addition,there are several drop water dams and rockfill dams in the gully.After the H1 landslide on the right bank of Shuangyangzi gully slided and blocked gully channel in case of heavy rainfall under the inducement of the flood,debris flow outburst.It can be concluded that the debris flow could outburst again in the next heavy rainfall.
In 2010,the intense rainstorm on 13 August induced debris flow hazard in Dujiangyan City,Sichuan Province,the affecting area of Wenchuan earthquake.This debris flow is the result of both rainfall and earthquake.Therefore,it is significant to make clear of the development characteristics of debris flows by studying its formation and movement process in high seismic intensity area.For discussing the starting way of debris,this paper analyzed the watershed,especially the gully channel characteristics of Shuangyangzi gully based on field survey after the Wenchuan earthquake.Earthquake induced acitive development of disasters as collapse,landslide and provided abundant incompact solid matters,in addition,there are several drop water dams and rockfill dams in the gully.After the H1 landslide on the right bank of Shuangyangzi gully slided and blocked gully channel in case of heavy rainfall under the inducement of the flood,debris flow outburst.It can be concluded that the debris flow could outburst again in the next heavy rainfall.
引文
[1]唐川.汶川地震区暴雨滑坡泥石流活动趋势预测[J].山地学报,2010,28(13):341-349
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[3]谢洪,钟敦伦,矫震,等.2008年汶川地震重灾区的泥石流[J].山地学报,2009,27(4):501-509
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[6]张健楠,马煜,张惠惠,等.四川省都江堰市大干沟地震泥石流[J].山地学报,2010,28(5):624-627
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[9]叶秉如.水利计算[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1985
[2]崔鹏,庄建琦,陈兴长,等.汶川地震区震后泥石流活动特征与防治对策[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2010,42(5):10-19
[3]谢洪,钟敦伦,矫震,等.2008年汶川地震重灾区的泥石流[J].山地学报,2009,27(4):501-509
[4]四川省都江堰市龙池镇“8.13”暴雨地质灾害排查报告[R].成都:四川省地质工程勘察院,2010
[5]唐川,梁京涛.汶川震区北川9.24暴雨泥石流特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,18(6):751-758
[6]张健楠,马煜,张惠惠,等.四川省都江堰市大干沟地震泥石流[J].山地学报,2010,28(5):624-627
[7]余斌.根据泥石流沉积物计算泥石流容重的方法研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(5):789-796
[8]余斌.粘性泥石流的平均运动速度研究[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(5):524-532.
[9]叶秉如.水利计算[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1985
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