中朝与扬子板块的鉴别特征
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摘要
本文强调了要从地质演化历史过程中,综合运用地质、地球化学、地球物理的资料来对比及鉴别不同板块的特征。综合运用结晶基底的形成时间,某些元素的含量、某些元素的比值,铅同位素比值的变化,地幔包体中稀土元素配分曲线的特征,中元古界是变质的还是沉积的,晋宁事件的存在与否,震旦纪冰碛层的特征,早寒武纪含磷岩系与黑色页岩系的存在与否,400Ma前后的沉积间断,晚古生代煤系地层的发育特征,板块运移距离的大小,岩石圈的厚度,平均P波速度与剪切波速度的差异、壳内低阻层的存在与否等特征就可鉴别中朝与扬子板块。认识这些特征,将有助于弄清东亚地区其他小地块(如朝鲜半岛南部地块,Hida地块,柴达木地块和塔里木地块等)的归属问题。
The paper emphasizes that different plates can be distinguished by synthesizing geological, geochemical and geophysical characteristics. The Sino-Korean and Yangtze plates are characterized by such features as the formation time of the crystallization basement, content of some elements and the content ratio of some elements in the crust and mantle, variation of lead isotopic ratios, the chondrite-normalized REE pattern in mantle inclusions , the nature of the Middle Proterozoic system: metamorphic or sedimentary, the existence of the Jinning event (about 850 Ma), P-bearing and black shale series of the Early Cambrian, depositional breaks about 400 Ma, the development of coal measures strata in the Late Paleozoic, moving distance of plates in the Paleozoic, thickness of the lithosphere, differences of average velocities of P waves and shear waves, the existence of low-resistivity layer in the inner crust.
The paper emphasizes that different plates can be distinguished by synthesizing geological, geochemical and geophysical characteristics. The Sino-Korean and Yangtze plates are characterized by such features as the formation time of the crystallization basement, content of some elements and the content ratio of some elements in the crust and mantle, variation of lead isotopic ratios, the chondrite-normalized REE pattern in mantle inclusions , the nature of the Middle Proterozoic system: metamorphic or sedimentary, the existence of the Jinning event (about 850 Ma), P-bearing and black shale series of the Early Cambrian, depositional breaks about 400 Ma, the development of coal measures strata in the Late Paleozoic, moving distance of plates in the Paleozoic, thickness of the lithosphere, differences of average velocities of P waves and shear waves, the existence of low-resistivity layer in the inner crust.
引文
李立.1996． 中国大陆地壳上地幔电性特征.地球物理学报,39(增刊):130～140．
路凤香,郑建平,李伍平等.2000． 中国东部显生宙地幔演化的主要样式:“蘑菇云”模型.地学前缘,7(1) :97～107．
马丽芳.1985． 中国震旦纪冰碛物堆积图(1:18 000 000) .见:王鸿祯等主编.中国古地理图集.北京:地图出版社,14．
彭聪,高锐.1999． 中国大陆及邻近海域岩石圈根部不均匀性结构横向变化.见:裴荣富等主编.深部构造作用与成矿.北京:地质出版社,19～27．
任纪舜.1993． 东冈瓦纳与亚洲大陆的演化关系.见:IGCP第321项中国工作组编.亚洲的增生.北京:地震出版社,3～4．
王日伦,陆松年,高振家等.1980． 中国震旦纪冰碛层的特征划分与地层对比.天津地质矿产研究所所刊,(1) :1～17．
吴瑞棠,关保德.1988． 论罗图组的冰成特征及重力流改造.地质学报,62(1) :78～89．
杨志坚.1989． 胶东地块构造演化及其东延去向问题.海洋地质与第四纪地质,9(2) :1～11．
张本仁,韩吟文,许继锋等.1998． 北秦岭新元古代前属于扬子板块的地球化学证据.高校地质学报,4(4) :369～382．
张理刚.1995． 东亚岩石圈块体地质--上地幔、基底和花岗岩同位素地球化学及其动力学.北京:科学出版社.
张寿广.1993． 从秦岭地区变质地质特征看华北与扬子地块的离散和拼合过程.见:IGCP第321项中国工作组编.亚洲的增生.北京:地震出版社,99～102．
朱鸿,万天丰.1991． 中国东部晚元古代-三叠纪古板块的运动学研究.地球科学,16(5) :523～532．
朱介寿.1986． 我国大陆地壳上地幔分块结构特征.成都地质学院学报,13(1) :75～94．
朱日祥,杨振宇,吴汉宁,马醒华,黄宝春,孟自芳,方大钧.1998． 中国主要地块显生宙古地磁视极移曲线与地块运动.中国科学(D辑),28(增刊):1～16．
Guan Baode, Wu Ruitang, Hamlcey M J, et al. 1986． Glacial sedi-ments and erosional pavements near the Cambrian--Precambrian boundary in western Henan province, China. J. Geol. Soc. London, 143: 311～323．
Kim Jeong Hwan, Lee Yong Il, Li Maosong, Bai Zhiqiang. 1999． Comparison of Ordovician--Carboniferous boundary between Korea and NE China. Gondwana Research, 2(4) : 577～578．
Li Li. 1996． The geoelectrical characteristics of crust and upper mantle in the continental region of China. Acta Geophysica Sinica, 39 (supp.): 130～140 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Li S L, Mooney W D. 1998． Crustal structure of China from deep seismic sounding profiles. Tectonophysics, 288, 105～113．
Lu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Li Wuping. 2000． The main evolution pattern of Phanerozoic mantle in the eastern China: The "Mushroom Cloud" model. Earth Science Frontiers, 7(1) : 97～107(in Chinesewith English abstfact).
Ma Lifang. 1985． Sketch map showing the Sinian glacial deposits of China (1: 18, 000, 000) . in: Wang Hongzhen, et al. eds. Atlas ofthc Paleogeography of China. Beijing: Cartography Publlshlng House, 14 (in Chinese).
Peng Cong, Gao Rui. 1999． The lateral change of un--uniformitic structure of the lithospheric root in Chinese continent and its nearby sea region. in: Pei Rongfu, et al. eds. Deep Structure and Mineralization. Geological Publishing House, 19～27 (in Chinese).
Ren Jishun. 1993． The evolution relationship between eastern Gondwana and Asian continents. in: China Working Group of IGCP Project 321． ed. Asian Accretion. Beijing: Seismological Press,3～4 (in Chinese).
Unrug R. 1997． Rodinia to Gondwana: The geodynamic map to Gondwana Super-continent assembly. GSA Today, 7 (1) : 1～6．
Wan Tianfeng. 1999． On the boundary between Gondwanaland and Eurasian Continent seen in China, Gondwana Research, 2 (4) :611～613．
Wang Yuelun, Lu Songnian, Gao Zhenjia, et al. 1980． The characteristics division and stratigraphic correlation of glaciaI sediments of Sinian stage in China, J. Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources in Tianjin (CGA), 1: 1～17 (in Chinese).
Wu Ruitang, Guan Baode. 1988． On the glaciogene characteristics of the Luoquan formation and its reworking by gravity flows. Acta Geologica Sinica, 62 (1) : 78～89 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Zhijian. 1989． Tectonic evolution of Jiaodong block and its east trend. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 9 (2) : 1～11 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yin A, Nie S. 1993． An indentation model for the north and south China collision and the development of the Tan-Lu and Honam fault systems, eastern Asia. Tectonics, 12: 801～813．
Zhang Benren, Han Yinwen, Xu Jifeng, et al. 1998． Geochendcal evidence for North Qiling being a partof Yangtze plate prior to the Neo-Proterozoic, Journal of China University of Geosciences, 4(4) : 369～382 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Ligang. 1995． Isotopic geochemistry and its geodynamics for lithosphere block geology--upper mamle, basement and granites in east Asia. Science Press, BeiJing (in Chinese with Engllsh abstract).
Zhang Shouguang. 1993． To recognize the dispersion and amalgamation of the North China and Yangtze blocks, depending on the metamorphism of Qinling area. in: China Working Group of IGCP Project 321 ed. Asian Accretion. Being: Seismological Press, 99～102 (in Chinese).
Zhu Hong, Wan Tianfeng. 1991． On kinematics of Late Proterozoic--Triassic paleoplates in eastern China. Earth Science, 16 (5) :523～532 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu Jieshou. 1986． The characteristics of subplate division of crust and upper mantle in the continent of China. Juarnal of Chengdu College of Geology, 13(1) : 75～94 (in Chinese).
Zhu Rixiang, Yang Zhengyu, Wu Hanning, et al. 1998． Magnetic APWP and block moving of China main blocks in Phenerozoic.Science in China (Series D), 28 (Suppl. ), 1～16．
路凤香,郑建平,李伍平等.2000． 中国东部显生宙地幔演化的主要样式:“蘑菇云”模型.地学前缘,7(1) :97～107．
马丽芳.1985． 中国震旦纪冰碛物堆积图(1:18 000 000) .见:王鸿祯等主编.中国古地理图集.北京:地图出版社,14．
彭聪,高锐.1999． 中国大陆及邻近海域岩石圈根部不均匀性结构横向变化.见:裴荣富等主编.深部构造作用与成矿.北京:地质出版社,19～27．
任纪舜.1993． 东冈瓦纳与亚洲大陆的演化关系.见:IGCP第321项中国工作组编.亚洲的增生.北京:地震出版社,3～4．
王日伦,陆松年,高振家等.1980． 中国震旦纪冰碛层的特征划分与地层对比.天津地质矿产研究所所刊,(1) :1～17．
吴瑞棠,关保德.1988． 论罗图组的冰成特征及重力流改造.地质学报,62(1) :78～89．
杨志坚.1989． 胶东地块构造演化及其东延去向问题.海洋地质与第四纪地质,9(2) :1～11．
张本仁,韩吟文,许继锋等.1998． 北秦岭新元古代前属于扬子板块的地球化学证据.高校地质学报,4(4) :369～382．
张理刚.1995． 东亚岩石圈块体地质--上地幔、基底和花岗岩同位素地球化学及其动力学.北京:科学出版社.
张寿广.1993． 从秦岭地区变质地质特征看华北与扬子地块的离散和拼合过程.见:IGCP第321项中国工作组编.亚洲的增生.北京:地震出版社,99～102．
朱鸿,万天丰.1991． 中国东部晚元古代-三叠纪古板块的运动学研究.地球科学,16(5) :523～532．
朱介寿.1986． 我国大陆地壳上地幔分块结构特征.成都地质学院学报,13(1) :75～94．
朱日祥,杨振宇,吴汉宁,马醒华,黄宝春,孟自芳,方大钧.1998． 中国主要地块显生宙古地磁视极移曲线与地块运动.中国科学(D辑),28(增刊):1～16．
Guan Baode, Wu Ruitang, Hamlcey M J, et al. 1986． Glacial sedi-ments and erosional pavements near the Cambrian--Precambrian boundary in western Henan province, China. J. Geol. Soc. London, 143: 311～323．
Kim Jeong Hwan, Lee Yong Il, Li Maosong, Bai Zhiqiang. 1999． Comparison of Ordovician--Carboniferous boundary between Korea and NE China. Gondwana Research, 2(4) : 577～578．
Li Li. 1996． The geoelectrical characteristics of crust and upper mantle in the continental region of China. Acta Geophysica Sinica, 39 (supp.): 130～140 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Li S L, Mooney W D. 1998． Crustal structure of China from deep seismic sounding profiles. Tectonophysics, 288, 105～113．
Lu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Li Wuping. 2000． The main evolution pattern of Phanerozoic mantle in the eastern China: The "Mushroom Cloud" model. Earth Science Frontiers, 7(1) : 97～107(in Chinesewith English abstfact).
Ma Lifang. 1985． Sketch map showing the Sinian glacial deposits of China (1: 18, 000, 000) . in: Wang Hongzhen, et al. eds. Atlas ofthc Paleogeography of China. Beijing: Cartography Publlshlng House, 14 (in Chinese).
Peng Cong, Gao Rui. 1999． The lateral change of un--uniformitic structure of the lithospheric root in Chinese continent and its nearby sea region. in: Pei Rongfu, et al. eds. Deep Structure and Mineralization. Geological Publishing House, 19～27 (in Chinese).
Ren Jishun. 1993． The evolution relationship between eastern Gondwana and Asian continents. in: China Working Group of IGCP Project 321． ed. Asian Accretion. Beijing: Seismological Press,3～4 (in Chinese).
Unrug R. 1997． Rodinia to Gondwana: The geodynamic map to Gondwana Super-continent assembly. GSA Today, 7 (1) : 1～6．
Wan Tianfeng. 1999． On the boundary between Gondwanaland and Eurasian Continent seen in China, Gondwana Research, 2 (4) :611～613．
Wang Yuelun, Lu Songnian, Gao Zhenjia, et al. 1980． The characteristics division and stratigraphic correlation of glaciaI sediments of Sinian stage in China, J. Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources in Tianjin (CGA), 1: 1～17 (in Chinese).
Wu Ruitang, Guan Baode. 1988． On the glaciogene characteristics of the Luoquan formation and its reworking by gravity flows. Acta Geologica Sinica, 62 (1) : 78～89 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Zhijian. 1989． Tectonic evolution of Jiaodong block and its east trend. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 9 (2) : 1～11 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yin A, Nie S. 1993． An indentation model for the north and south China collision and the development of the Tan-Lu and Honam fault systems, eastern Asia. Tectonics, 12: 801～813．
Zhang Benren, Han Yinwen, Xu Jifeng, et al. 1998． Geochendcal evidence for North Qiling being a partof Yangtze plate prior to the Neo-Proterozoic, Journal of China University of Geosciences, 4(4) : 369～382 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Ligang. 1995． Isotopic geochemistry and its geodynamics for lithosphere block geology--upper mamle, basement and granites in east Asia. Science Press, BeiJing (in Chinese with Engllsh abstract).
Zhang Shouguang. 1993． To recognize the dispersion and amalgamation of the North China and Yangtze blocks, depending on the metamorphism of Qinling area. in: China Working Group of IGCP Project 321 ed. Asian Accretion. Being: Seismological Press, 99～102 (in Chinese).
Zhu Hong, Wan Tianfeng. 1991． On kinematics of Late Proterozoic--Triassic paleoplates in eastern China. Earth Science, 16 (5) :523～532 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu Jieshou. 1986． The characteristics of subplate division of crust and upper mantle in the continent of China. Juarnal of Chengdu College of Geology, 13(1) : 75～94 (in Chinese).
Zhu Rixiang, Yang Zhengyu, Wu Hanning, et al. 1998． Magnetic APWP and block moving of China main blocks in Phenerozoic.Science in China (Series D), 28 (Suppl. ), 1～16．
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