基于检波器三维矢量组合的抽油机噪声压制方法研究
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摘要
抽油机噪声是老油区二次地震资料采集中遇到的主要干扰之一,其对地震资料的信噪比有较大的影响。目前在野外采集过程中通过检波器组合压制抽油机噪声是最好的解决方法。通过方形阵列记录抽油机噪声,并分析抽油机噪声的波场特征,认为抽油机噪声主要沿地面传播,随传播距离的增大而快速衰减,频率成分也较单一。基于抽油机噪声的特点,在已知检波器二维线性组合频率方向特性的基础上,研究了检波器三维矢量组合的频率方向特性。以方形阵列采集的数据为基础,对比了不同三维矢量组合方式压制抽油机噪声的效果。优选出了合适的检波器组合方式并应用于胜利油田CH地区实际地震资料采集,采集的资料信噪比有明显提高。
The noise from pumping unit is one type of the primary noise in the second seismic acquisition of old oilfields,which seriously affected the S/N ratio of seismic data.Now the best method to attenuate pumping noise is the 3-D vector combination of geophones in field acquisition.By recording pumping noise through box array and analyzing its wavefield characteristics,it is regarded that pumping noise propagates mainly along surface,which has simple frequency components and attenuates rapidly as the propagation distance increasing. Based on the noise features and the frequency directional characteristics of 2-D linear combination of geophones,we analyzed the frequency directional characteristics of 3-D vector combination of geophones.Taking the data acquired by box array,the suppressing effect of different 3-D vector combinations was compared,and the favorable geophone combination was optimized.The optimal geophone combination was applied to the seismic acquisition in CH area of Shengli Oilfield,and the S/N of acquired data was obviously improved.
The noise from pumping unit is one type of the primary noise in the second seismic acquisition of old oilfields,which seriously affected the S/N ratio of seismic data.Now the best method to attenuate pumping noise is the 3-D vector combination of geophones in field acquisition.By recording pumping noise through box array and analyzing its wavefield characteristics,it is regarded that pumping noise propagates mainly along surface,which has simple frequency components and attenuates rapidly as the propagation distance increasing. Based on the noise features and the frequency directional characteristics of 2-D linear combination of geophones,we analyzed the frequency directional characteristics of 3-D vector combination of geophones.Taking the data acquired by box array,the suppressing effect of different 3-D vector combinations was compared,and the favorable geophone combination was optimized.The optimal geophone combination was applied to the seismic acquisition in CH area of Shengli Oilfield,and the S/N of acquired data was obviously improved.
引文
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[2]李庆忠,陈祖钧.组合效应对反射波的压制和改造[J].石油地球物理勘探,1984,19(1):1-20
[3]石战结,田钢,董世学,等.沙漠地区地震检波器耦合的高频信号匹配滤波技术[J].石油物探,2005,44 (3):261-263
[4]蒋连斌,何樵登.一种计算检波器线性组合响应曲线??的实用方法[J].石油物探,1998,37(1):84-88
[5]李庆忠,魏继东.论检波器横向拉开组合的重要性[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):375-382
[6]曹务祥,安树杰,蓝益军,等.排列长度对组合效应的影响分析[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):315-318
[7]杨贵祥,贺振华,朱铉.中国南方海相地层下组合地震采集方法研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(2): 157-168
[8]陆基孟.地震勘探原理(上册)[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1993:130-161
[9]董敏昱.地震勘探[M].山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2000:28-48
[10]董世学,张春雨.地震检波器的性能与精确地震勘探[J].石油物探,2000,39(2):124-130
[11]梁运基,李桂林.陆上高分辨率地震勘探检波器性能及参数选择分析[J].石油物探,2005,44(6): 640-644
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