卫星热红外观测与发震断层不同段落交替活动特征分析
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摘要
利用NOAA卫星资料研究了2001年昆仑山口西8.1级地震前后热红外异常图像的演化特征。结果表明:增温异常条带在东昆仑断裂带不同段落上具有迁移特征。地震前两天首先在库塞湖东西200km范围内出现6℃左右的增温异常条带,在空间位置上与Harvard大学所给出的震中位置和野外考察所给出的宏观震中位置一致。地震前数小时,增温异常迁移到发震断层西段———太阳湖与布卡达板峰段附近,增温幅度约为3℃,与CDSN和USGSD所给出的地震起始破裂位置一致。这种增温异常条带迁移可能与发震断层交替活动有关。震后1天的卫星热红外图像清晰地勾画出发震断层长约450km的线性形迹,代表了整个发震断层的破裂长度,与野外考察所得到的地表破裂带空间位置一致。
On the basis of NOAA satellite thermal infrared data,the dynamic evolution patterns of the Kunlunshan Mountain pass earthquake in 2001 are researched.The results shows:The thermally increasing anomaly belts were migrated in different segments of the east Kunlunshan fault.There are about 6 ℃ thermal anomaly within belt centers around Hoh Sai Hu from west to east in 200 km length, and the spatial distribution consistent with the location of epicenter given by Harvard University and by the auothers’ investigation.Several hours before the event,the anomaly belt moves to the segment between Taiyang Hu and Bukadaban Peak with 3 ℃ thermal anomaly,which consistent with the locations given by CDSN and USGS.The migration of anomaly belt were possibly related to alternate activity of seismogenic fault 1 day.After earthquake the anomaly belt image shows clearly the feature of seismogenic fault with 450 km in length,which consistent with surface rupture given by the auothers’ investigation. engt
On the basis of NOAA satellite thermal infrared data,the dynamic evolution patterns of the Kunlunshan Mountain pass earthquake in 2001 are researched.The results shows:The thermally increasing anomaly belts were migrated in different segments of the east Kunlunshan fault.There are about 6 ℃ thermal anomaly within belt centers around Hoh Sai Hu from west to east in 200 km length, and the spatial distribution consistent with the location of epicenter given by Harvard University and by the auothers’ investigation.Several hours before the event,the anomaly belt moves to the segment between Taiyang Hu and Bukadaban Peak with 3 ℃ thermal anomaly,which consistent with the locations given by CDSN and USGS.The migration of anomaly belt were possibly related to alternate activity of seismogenic fault 1 day.After earthquake the anomaly belt image shows clearly the feature of seismogenic fault with 450 km in length,which consistent with surface rupture given by the auothers’ investigation. engt
引文
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2徐秀登,强祖基,赁常恭.突发性地面增温与临震前兆:以澜沧、耿马7.6,7.2级地震为例[J].地震地质,1990,12(3):243～249.2XuXiudeng,QiangZujiandDianChanggong.Suddenly increasingtemperatureongroundsurfaceasoneofimmi nentearthquakeprecursorincaseof1988Lanchang Gengma(M7.6,7.2)earthquake[J].SeismologyandGe ology,1990,12(3):243-249.(inChinese)
3刘德富,罗灼礼,彭克银.前震前的OLR异常现象[J].地震,1997,17(2):126～132.3LiuDefu,LuoZuoliandPengKeyin.OLRanomalous phenomenabeforestrongearthquakes[J].Earthquake,1997,17(2):126-132.(inChinese)
4郭自强,周大庄,施行觉,等.岩石破裂中的电子发射[J].地球物理学报,1988,31(5):566～571.4GuoZiqiang,ZhouDazhuang,ShiXingjue,etal.Electron emisionduringrockfracture[J].ChineseJournalofGeo physics,1988,31(5):566-571.(inChinese)
5耿乃光,崔承禹,邓明德.岩石破裂实验中的遥感观测与遥感岩石力学的开端[J].地震学报,1992,14(增刊):645～652.5GengNaiguang,CuiChengyuandDengMingde.There motesensingobservationinexcperimentsofrockfailure andthebeginningofremotesensingrockmechanics[J].ActaSeismologicaSinica,1993,16(4):971-974.
6邓明德,耿乃光,崔承禹,等.岩石红外辐射温度随岩石应力变化的规律和特征以及声发射率的关系[J].西北地震学报,1995,17(4):79～87.6DengMingde,GengNaiguang,CuiChengyu,etal.The ruleandcharacteristicsofinfraredradiationtemperature alongwithstressofrocksandtheirrelationtoAErate[J].NorthwesternSeismologicalJournal,1995,17(4):79-87.(inChinese)
7NistanU.Electromagneticemissionaccompanyingfrac tureofquartz bearingrocks[J].GeophysRes.Lett.,1997,14(8):333-336.
8马瑾,单新建.利用遥感技术研究现今断层活动的探索—以玛尼地震前后断层相互作用为例[J].地震地质,2000,22(3):210～215.8MaJinandShanXinjian.Anattempttostudyactivityof faultusingremotesensingtechnology:AcaseoftheMani earthquake[J].SeismologyandGeology,2000,22(3):210-215.(inChinese)
9徐锡伟,陈文彬,于贵华,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山库塞湖地震(Ms8.1)地表破裂带的基本特征[J].地震地质,2002,24(1):1～13.9XuXiwei,ChenWenbin,YuGuihua,etal.Characteristic featuresofthesurfacerupturesoftheHohSaiHu(Kun lunshan)earthquake(Ms8.1),northernTibetPlateau,China[J].SeismologyandGeology,2002,24(1):1-13.(inChinese)
10赵瑞斌,李军,向志勇,等.昆仑山口西8.1级地震地表破裂带西段考察[J].内陆地震,2002,16(2):175～179.10ZhaoRuibin,LiJun,XiangZhiyong,etal.Expeditionon thewestsegmentofthesurfacerupturezoneofthe Ms8.1earthquakeinthewestofKunluinMountainPass[J].InlandEarthquake,2002,16(2):175-179.(inChi nese)
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