去噪强度、去噪效率与振幅保真
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摘要
张宝金 ,成谷 ,王云专 ,王晓华 .去噪强度、去噪效率与振幅保真 .石油地球物理勘探 ,2 0 0 2 ,37(1) :1～ 5本文从去噪强度和去噪效率的角度对信噪比与保真度问题进行了探讨。去噪强度即应用滤波因子在对应的数据窗内去除噪声的总能量 ,而去噪效率则是对应于去噪强度的信噪比的变化率。去噪强度越大 ,去噪效率越低 ,保真性越差。在相同去噪强度的情况下 ,获得较高去噪效率的方法就是保真性好的方法。准确估计信号、有效衰减强噪声是降低去噪强度、提高去噪效率的核心。叠后估计信号比较准确 ,叠前去噪优势较强 ,叠前、叠后联合去噪更能达到提高地震资料信噪比和保真度的目的 ;对不同能量的噪声 ,选择不同的去噪强度并使之达到最佳 ,可以达到保真的目的
The problem of signal-to-noise ratio and amplitude fidelity is discussed from the view of intensity and efficiency of noise attenuation in this paper.The intensity of noise attenuation is the total noise-eliminated energy in the corresponding data window when filter factor is used and the efficiency of noise attenuation is the changing rate of signal-to-noise ratio corresponding the intensity after noise attenuation.The larger intensity of noise attenuation is,the poorer efficiency is,and the worse amlitude fidelity becomes.Under the circumstances of having the same intensity,the method achieving better efficiency of noise attenuation is the method of better amplitude fidelity.Correct estimation of signal and effective elimination of strong noise are the kernel of reducing intensity and improving efficiency of noise attenuation.Hybrid pre-and-post stack noise attenuation could attain the goal of improving the signal-to-noise ratio and amplitude fidelity of seismic data,for the signal estimated from post-stack data is more accurate and there are more advantages to elimination noise in pre-stack.Choosing different noise attenuation intensity according to different noise energy and making it to the best could achieve the aim of fidelity.
The problem of signal-to-noise ratio and amplitude fidelity is discussed from the view of intensity and efficiency of noise attenuation in this paper.The intensity of noise attenuation is the total noise-eliminated energy in the corresponding data window when filter factor is used and the efficiency of noise attenuation is the changing rate of signal-to-noise ratio corresponding the intensity after noise attenuation.The larger intensity of noise attenuation is,the poorer efficiency is,and the worse amlitude fidelity becomes.Under the circumstances of having the same intensity,the method achieving better efficiency of noise attenuation is the method of better amplitude fidelity.Correct estimation of signal and effective elimination of strong noise are the kernel of reducing intensity and improving efficiency of noise attenuation.Hybrid pre-and-post stack noise attenuation could attain the goal of improving the signal-to-noise ratio and amplitude fidelity of seismic data,for the signal estimated from post-stack data is more accurate and there are more advantages to elimination noise in pre-stack.Choosing different noise attenuation intensity according to different noise energy and making it to the best could achieve the aim of fidelity.
引文
[1] 李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路——高分辨率勘探系统工程分析.石油工业出版社,1994
[2] 李庆忠.关于低信噪比地震资料的基本概念和质量改进方向.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(4):343～364
[3] 李庆忠.从信噪比谱分析看滤波及反褶积的效果——频率域信噪比与分辨率的研究.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(6):575～601
[4] 国九英.叠前ω- x域算子外推法去噪.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(4):487～494
[5] MeekR A andL invilleA F.Elim inate the coherentnoise in seism ic data usingT-K and f- x filter.Presented at the63thSEG Mtg,1994
[6] 傅才芳,罗国安.应用KL滤波提高地震记录的信噪比.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(5):486～493
[7] 王勇,杨治楷.矢量法保真去噪.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(2):218～225
[8] 俞寿朋,蔡希铃.用地震信号多项式拟合提高叠加剖面信噪比.石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2):131～139
[9] 张宝金.地震资料的振幅保真噪声衰减方法研究.大庆石油学院硕士学位论文,2000
[10] 程乾生编著.信号数字处理的数学基础.石油工业出版社,1979
[11] 齐莉.用均衡干扰能量法压制线性干扰.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):711～716
[2] 李庆忠.关于低信噪比地震资料的基本概念和质量改进方向.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(4):343～364
[3] 李庆忠.从信噪比谱分析看滤波及反褶积的效果——频率域信噪比与分辨率的研究.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(6):575～601
[4] 国九英.叠前ω- x域算子外推法去噪.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(4):487～494
[5] MeekR A andL invilleA F.Elim inate the coherentnoise in seism ic data usingT-K and f- x filter.Presented at the63thSEG Mtg,1994
[6] 傅才芳,罗国安.应用KL滤波提高地震记录的信噪比.石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(5):486～493
[7] 王勇,杨治楷.矢量法保真去噪.石油地球物理勘探,1993,28(2):218～225
[8] 俞寿朋,蔡希铃.用地震信号多项式拟合提高叠加剖面信噪比.石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2):131～139
[9] 张宝金.地震资料的振幅保真噪声衰减方法研究.大庆石油学院硕士学位论文,2000
[10] 程乾生编著.信号数字处理的数学基础.石油工业出版社,1979
[11] 齐莉.用均衡干扰能量法压制线性干扰.石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):711～716
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