应用振幅的调谐作用探测地层厚度小于1/4波长地质目标
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摘要
凌云研究小组 .应用振幅的调谐作用探测地层厚度小于 1/ 4波长地质目标 .石油地球物理勘探 ,2 0 0 3,38(3) :2 6 8～ 2 74 由于大地吸收作用和干扰波的影响 ,在一个地区地震采集能获得的成像主频往往有一个极限—— 1/ 4波长的分辨率限制。但是 ,地震勘探的 1/ 4波长极限却难以满足地质家对探测薄互层地质目标的要求 ,特别是开发地震中的要求。本文通过对存在储层尖灭 (埋深为 5 10 0 m、厚度为 0～ 35 m)条件下的实际三维地震数据进行处理和解释 ,研究了厚度小于 1/ 4波长的储层尖灭线的识别问题。通过采用保持振幅和提高分辨率处理 ,并在声波测井、VSP数据的标定和精细构造解释的基础上 ,进行沿层振幅提取、沿层波形识别、正演模型和相关信息的综合分析。分析结果表明 ,根据振幅的调谐作用可以识别厚度小于 1/ 4波长的薄砂层透镜体、岩性尖灭等地质体。这套处理和解释方法特别适合我国陆相沉积环境下的岩性油气藏勘探。
The dominant imaging frequency acquired by seismic acquisition in an area has its limitation because of attenuation by earth absorption and influence of interference.This limitation is called as resolution limitation of 1/4 wavelength.Normally,the limitation is often difficult to meet the demand of geologists for surveying thin and interbedded geologic targets (especially in development seismic exploration).Through processing and interpretation of real 3 D seismic data in a reservoir (pinch out) condition of depth of 5000 m and thickness of 0~35m, the paper studied pinch out boundary which thickness is less than 1/4 wavelength.Through adopting the processing flow of relative reserving amplitude and improving resolution and on the basis of calibration by seismic logging and VSP data and interpretation of subtle structures,the paper makes recognition of seismic amplitude and waveforms along the beds and synthetic analyses of forward modeling and development information .The analyzed results showed that we can identify such geologic bodies as thin lenticular sand and lithologic pinch out etc.by amplitude tuning role.The set of processing and interpretation approaches are particular suitable for lithologic oil gas reservoir's exploration in Chinese continental sedimentary environment.
The dominant imaging frequency acquired by seismic acquisition in an area has its limitation because of attenuation by earth absorption and influence of interference.This limitation is called as resolution limitation of 1/4 wavelength.Normally,the limitation is often difficult to meet the demand of geologists for surveying thin and interbedded geologic targets (especially in development seismic exploration).Through processing and interpretation of real 3 D seismic data in a reservoir (pinch out) condition of depth of 5000 m and thickness of 0~35m, the paper studied pinch out boundary which thickness is less than 1/4 wavelength.Through adopting the processing flow of relative reserving amplitude and improving resolution and on the basis of calibration by seismic logging and VSP data and interpretation of subtle structures,the paper makes recognition of seismic amplitude and waveforms along the beds and synthetic analyses of forward modeling and development information .The analyzed results showed that we can identify such geologic bodies as thin lenticular sand and lithologic pinch out etc.by amplitude tuning role.The set of processing and interpretation approaches are particular suitable for lithologic oil gas reservoir's exploration in Chinese continental sedimentary environment.
引文
[1] 凌云研究小组.三维地震数据的分析和监测方法研究.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(5):433～440
[2] 高军,凌云,张汝杰.时频域球面发散与吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(6):865～866
[3] 凌云研究小组.纵波VTI介质理论与应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(6):567～575
[4] 俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[5] 李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[6] R E谢里夫.勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999
[2] 高军,凌云,张汝杰.时频域球面发散与吸收补偿.石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(6):865～866
[3] 凌云研究小组.纵波VTI介质理论与应用研究.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(6):567～575
[4] 俞寿朋.高分辨率地震勘探.北京:石油工业出版社,1993
[5] 李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路.北京:石油工业出版社,1994
[6] R E谢里夫.勘探地震学.北京:石油工业出版社,1999
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