塔里木盆地阿图什-八盘水磨反冲构造系统研究
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摘要
通过大量野外地质调查和深部物探 (地震剖面、MT和重力 )综合构造解释 ,在位于东起八盘水磨 ,西至乌鲁克恰特以西的南天山前陆冲断带中 ,确定了阿图什 -八盘水磨反冲构造系统及其三角带构造 ;该反冲系统由小阿图什 -八盘水磨和乌尔 -喀拉套山反冲构造系统及小阿图什 -乌鲁克恰特被变形的反冲构造系统组成 ;即在以往认为南天山向塔里木盆地大规模逆冲推覆的地区 ,塔里木盆地盖层第四纪以来沿多组滑脱面向天山新生代造山带反冲推覆。塔里木盆地反冲构造系统发育的区域基底埋深往往大于 10km ,对应麦盖提基底构造下凹区 ,而相邻柯坪塔格薄皮推覆构造系统发育的区域基底埋深一般小于 10km ,对应巴楚基底构造上隆区 ;逆冲和反冲构造转换带基底埋深约10km ,平衡剖面恢复表明弧形逆冲和反冲构造顶部分别为逆冲和反冲位移量最大位置。
Through field geological investigation and integrated interpretation of geophysical exploration data (seismic reflection profiles, MT and gravity data), we have defined the back-thrusting systems of Atushi-Bapanshuimo and their triangle zones in southwest Tarim basin, which are located along the foreland belts of southern Tienshan from the east of Bapanshuimo to the west of Ulukqiate. The back-thrusting systems consist of sub-Tarim basin back-thrusting systems of Xiao Atushi-Bapanshuimo, Uer-Kalataoshan and deformed Tarim Basin back-thrusting systems of Xiao Atushi- Ulukqiate. It is suggested that the back-thrusting systems formed along the multi-thrusting faults in Quaternary in the foreland belts of southern Tienshan where the southwest Tieshan orogenic belts thrust to the Tarim basin. The Tarim basin back-thrusting systems formed in the area where the thickness of sedimentary covers is greater than 10km, which corresponds to the depression of the basement (Maigaiti slope) and the adjacent Kalpintage thin-skinned thrusting systems formed in the area where the thickness of sedimentary covers is less than 10km, which corresponds to the uplift of the basement (Bachu basement uplift). The depth of basement in the transitional zones between the thrusting system of Kalpintage foreland belts and back-thrusting system of Tarim basin is about 10km. The balanced cross-sections show that the top of the convex of tectonic arc in thrusting and back thrusting systems has the largest displacement.
Through field geological investigation and integrated interpretation of geophysical exploration data (seismic reflection profiles, MT and gravity data), we have defined the back-thrusting systems of Atushi-Bapanshuimo and their triangle zones in southwest Tarim basin, which are located along the foreland belts of southern Tienshan from the east of Bapanshuimo to the west of Ulukqiate. The back-thrusting systems consist of sub-Tarim basin back-thrusting systems of Xiao Atushi-Bapanshuimo, Uer-Kalataoshan and deformed Tarim Basin back-thrusting systems of Xiao Atushi- Ulukqiate. It is suggested that the back-thrusting systems formed along the multi-thrusting faults in Quaternary in the foreland belts of southern Tienshan where the southwest Tieshan orogenic belts thrust to the Tarim basin. The Tarim basin back-thrusting systems formed in the area where the thickness of sedimentary covers is greater than 10km, which corresponds to the depression of the basement (Maigaiti slope) and the adjacent Kalpintage thin-skinned thrusting systems formed in the area where the thickness of sedimentary covers is less than 10km, which corresponds to the uplift of the basement (Bachu basement uplift). The depth of basement in the transitional zones between the thrusting system of Kalpintage foreland belts and back-thrusting system of Tarim basin is about 10km. The balanced cross-sections show that the top of the convex of tectonic arc in thrusting and back thrusting systems has the largest displacement.
引文
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LaubscherHP .1985.Large-scalethin -skinnedthrustinginthesouthernAlps:Kinematicmodels .GeologicalSo cietyofAmericanBulletin ,96,710～ 718.
LuHuafu ,HowellDG ,JiaD ,etal.,1994 .Kalpintranspressiontectonics,NorthwesternTarimBasin ,WesternChina :InternationalGeologyReview ,36,975～ 981.
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MashakS .1988.Kinematicsoforoclineandarcformationinthethin -skinnedorogens .Tectonics,7( 1) :73～ 86.
McClayKR .1992 .Glossaryofthrusttectonicsterms .ThrustTectonics,EditedbyK .R .McClay ,1992 ,ChapmanandHall.
QuGuosheng ,ZhangJinjiang .1994 .ObliquethrustsystemsintheAltayorogen ,China .JournalofSoutheastAsianEarthSciences,9( 3) :2 77～ 2 87.
QuGuosheng ,CanerotJ .1997.ComparativestudiesofCenozoicandMesozoictectonicsandevolutionbetweenwestKunlun -Pamir (China)andPyrenees (France) .In :XiaoXuchangandLiuHefu (Eds) .Proc .30 thInt lGeol.Congr.,6:133～ 140 .
成守德 ,王元龙 .1998.新疆大地构造演化基本特征 .新疆地质 ,16( 2 ) :97～ 10 7.
何登发 ,李德生 .1996.塔里木盆地构造演化与油气聚集 .北京 :地质出版社 .
何国琦 ,李茂松 ,刘德权 ,等 .1994 .中国新疆古生代地壳演化及成矿 .新疆人民出版社、香港文化教育出版社 .
贾承造 ,魏国齐 ,姚慧君 ,等 .1996.盆地构造演化与区域构造地质 .塔里木盆地油气勘探丛书 .北京 :石油工业出版社 .
刘启元 ,陈九辉 ,李顺成 ,等 .2 0 0 0 .新疆伽师强震群区三维地壳上地幔S波速度结构及其地震成因的探讨 .地球物理学报 ,4 3( 3) :356～ 365.
刘万祥 .1985.和田断裂带的特征及找油前景 .石油与天然气地质 .6( 3) :32 6～ 334 .
姜春发 ,杨经绥 ,冯秉贵 ,等 .1992 .昆仑开合构造 .北京 :地质出版社 .
潘裕生 .1990 .西昆仑山构造特征与演化 .地质科学 ,( 3) :2 2 4～ 2 31.
曲国胜 ,CanerotJ ,姜春发 ,等 .1996.造山带弧形构造 .地质科学 ,31( 4 ) :2 95～ 30 7.
曲国胜 ,陈杰 ,陈新发 ,等 .1998a .伽师中强震震群成因及其未来地震趋势初探 .见 :中国地震局地质研究所编 .地震危险性预测研究 ( 1999年度 ) .北京 :地震出版社 .
曲国胜 ,陈杰 ,陈新安 ,等 .1998b .西昆仑 -帕米尔造山带及其北缘前陆盆地板内变形构造 .地质论评 ,4 4 ( 4 ) :4 19～ 4 2 9.
宋立勋 .1989.塔里木盆地西南坳陷的形成、演化与找油方向 .新疆石油地质 ,10 ( 1) :2 8～ 34 .
邵学钟 ,徐树宝 ,周东延 ,等 .1997.塔里木盆地地壳结构研究 .石油勘探与开发 .( 2 ) :1～ 5.
新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局 .1965a .中华人民共和国苏巴什幅地质矿产图及说明书 ( 1∶2 0 0 0 0 0 ) .
新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局 . 1965b .中华人民共和国赞比勒及玉代格里克幅地质矿产图及说明书 ( 1∶2 0 0 0 0 0 ) .
新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局 .1967.中华人民共和国博孜艾格尔山口幅及伽师幅地质矿产图及说明书 ( 1∶2 0 0 0 0 0 )
新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局 .1985.新疆维吾尔自治区地质图 ( 1∶2 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) .北京 :地质出版社 .
新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局 .1993.新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志 .北京 :地质出版社 .
新疆维吾尔自治区区域地层表编写组 .1981.西北地区区域地层表新疆维吾尔自治区分册 .北京 :地质出版社 .
BabyP ,CollettaB ,ZubietaD .1995.Etudegeometriqueetweperimentaled’unbassintransporte :exempledusyn clinoriumdel’AltoBeni (Andescentrales) .Bull.Soc .Geol.France ,166( 6) :797～ 811.
BeckME .1983.Onthemechanismoftectonictransportinzonesofobliquesubduction .Tectonophysics ,93( 1-2 ) ,1～ 11.
BerberianM .1995.Master”blind”thrustfaultshiddenundertheZagrosfolds :activebasementtectonicsandsurfacemorphotectonics .Tectonophysics,2 4 1,193～ 2 2 4 .
JadoonIAK ,LawrenceRD ,LillieRJ .1992 .Balancedandretrodeformedgeologicalcross -sectionfromthefrontalSulaimanLobe ,Pakistan :DuplexdevelopmentinthickstrataalongthewesternmarginoftheIndianPlate.ThrustTectonics,EditedbyK .R .McClay ,1992 ,ChapmanandHall.
JadoonIAKFrischW .1997.Hinterland -vergenttectonicwedgebelowtheRiwatthrust,Himalayanforeland ,Pakistan :Implicationsforhydrocarbonexploration .AAPGBulletin ,81( 3) :4 38～ 4 4 8.
JaswalTM ,LillieRJ,LawrenceRD .1997.StructureandEvolutionoftheNorthernPotwardeformedzone,Pak istan .AAPGBulletin ,81( 2 ) :30 8～ 32 8.
JiaDong ,LuHuafu ,CaiDongsheng ,etal.,1998,StructuralfeaturesofnorthernTarimbasin :Implicationsforre gionaltectonicsandpetroleumtraps .AAPGBulletin ,82 ( 1) ,147～ 159.
LaubscherHP .1985.Large-scalethin -skinnedthrustinginthesouthernAlps:Kinematicmodels .GeologicalSo cietyofAmericanBulletin ,96,710～ 718.
LuHuafu ,HowellDG ,JiaD ,etal.,1994 .Kalpintranspressiontectonics,NorthwesternTarimBasin ,WesternChina :InternationalGeologyReview ,36,975～ 981.
MadedduB ,BethouxN ,Stephan ,J-F .1996.Champdecontraintepost -plioceneetdeformationsrecentesdanslesAlpessud -occidentales .Bull.Soc.Geol.France,167( 6) :797～ 810 .
MashakS .1988.Kinematicsoforoclineandarcformationinthethin -skinnedorogens .Tectonics,7( 1) :73～ 86.
McClayKR .1992 .Glossaryofthrusttectonicsterms .ThrustTectonics,EditedbyK .R .McClay ,1992 ,ChapmanandHall.
QuGuosheng ,ZhangJinjiang .1994 .ObliquethrustsystemsintheAltayorogen ,China .JournalofSoutheastAsianEarthSciences,9( 3) :2 77～ 2 87.
QuGuosheng ,CanerotJ .1997.ComparativestudiesofCenozoicandMesozoictectonicsandevolutionbetweenwestKunlun -Pamir (China)andPyrenees (France) .In :XiaoXuchangandLiuHefu (Eds) .Proc .30 thInt lGeol.Congr.,6:133～ 140 .
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