黄河口海底斜坡不稳定性调查研究
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摘要
黄河的高含沙量和河口快速沉积 ,形成了独具特色的水下三角洲。利用精密的深度记录仪 ,高分辨率的地震剖面仪和旁侧扫描声纳 ,结合海底钻探、取样、测试及室内土工分析 ,得到了与黄河口海底不稳定性有关的水下底坡的形貌特征 ,沉积物类型、空间分布及基本物理力学性质。水下底坡失稳破坏主要型式为塌陷洼地和粉砂流冲沟。在暴风浪作用下 ,水下底坡原破坏区发生复活 ,复活时间与风暴潮的开始与结束相对应。这种重新开始和重复的移动明显地限制在滑坡体的内部 ,既没有扩大 ,也没有向斜坡上后退。目前亟待于开展波浪作用下土体动力响应过程现场和室内实验研究 ,以揭示底坡破坏的成因机制 ,从而建立水下底坡失稳破坏和工程地质环境质量的定量预测评价方法 ,指导近海工程活动中地质灾害的减轻与防治。
The abundance of silt and rapidly deposit of it at stream\|outlet of Yellow River make its subaqueous delta with special features.The topographic features,sediment types,space distribution and elementally physico\|mechanical properties of the underwater slope and sediments have been achieved by utilizing precise depth recorder,high resolution seismic profile,side scanning sonar,combining with seafloor drilling,sampling,measuring and the laboratory testament.The major outlook styles of the seafloor slopes failure are the collapsed depressions and the gully of the silt flows.The original destroyed areas of the seafloor slope can revive again under the storm wave.The reviving time is accordant with the beginning and the termination of the storm wave.The repeating beginning and movement is obviously to be limited in the landslide bodies which can neither extend nor retreat along the slope.The testament research in situ and laboratory about dynamic responding process of soil under wave should be hold to discover the mechanics of slope failure,establish the quantitative prediction and evaluation of stability and engineering geological environmental quality,in order to control the geological hazards in off shore engineering activity.
The abundance of silt and rapidly deposit of it at stream\|outlet of Yellow River make its subaqueous delta with special features.The topographic features,sediment types,space distribution and elementally physico\|mechanical properties of the underwater slope and sediments have been achieved by utilizing precise depth recorder,high resolution seismic profile,side scanning sonar,combining with seafloor drilling,sampling,measuring and the laboratory testament.The major outlook styles of the seafloor slopes failure are the collapsed depressions and the gully of the silt flows.The original destroyed areas of the seafloor slope can revive again under the storm wave.The reviving time is accordant with the beginning and the termination of the storm wave.The repeating beginning and movement is obviously to be limited in the landslide bodies which can neither extend nor retreat along the slope.The testament research in situ and laboratory about dynamic responding process of soil under wave should be hold to discover the mechanics of slope failure,establish the quantitative prediction and evaluation of stability and engineering geological environmental quality,in order to control the geological hazards in off shore engineering activity.
引文
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[9] 张琦 ,杨作升 .黄河口水下底坡不稳定的水动力机制探讨 .海洋学报 ,1992 ,Vol.14 ,No.3 ,PP:13 3 -14 1
[2 ] KEL L ER G.H.,Mass physical roperties of huanghedelta and southern sea near- surface deposits[J].Geo-marine L etters,etal.1989,9:5 5 - 65 .
[3 ] 王琦等 .黄河水下三角洲动力沉积特征 [J].中国科学 B辑 ,1991,No.6,PP:5 5 9- 665 .
[ 4 ] 杨作升 ,G.H.kellor,等 .现行黄河口水下三角洲海底形貌及不稳定性 [J].青岛海洋大学学报 ,1990 ,Vol.2 0 ,No.1.
[5 ] Prior D.B.,J.N Suhayda,etal.Storm wave reactiva-tion of a subm arine landslide [J],Geo- marine L el-ters,1990 ,10 :3 2 - 4 1.
[6] Prior D.B.,Yang Z- S,etal.Active slope failure,sediment collapse and silt flows on the modern sub-aqueous Huanghe( Yellow River) Delta[J].Geo- Ma-rine L etters,1986,6:85 - 95 .
[7] 林振宏 ,杨作升 .现代黄河水下三角洲底坡的不稳定性 [J].海洋地质与第四纪地质 ,1995 ,Vol.15 ,No.3 ,PP:11- 2 2 .
[8] Rahman M.S.Wave- induced instability of seabed:Mecha- nism and conditions[J].Marine Geotechnolo-gy,1991,Vol.10 ,PP:2 77- 3 0 0 .
[9] 张琦 ,杨作升 .黄河口水下底坡不稳定的水动力机制探讨 .海洋学报 ,1992 ,Vol.14 ,No.3 ,PP:13 3 -14 1
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