弯曲射线走时计算方法在Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移中的应用
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摘要
随着地震勘探的不断深入以及叠前偏移技术的快速发展,叠前时间偏移技术得到了广泛的应用并且在多个区块取得了良好的应用效果。而Kirchhoff积分法是目前在实际地震资料处理中应用最为广泛的一种叠前时间偏移方法。走时计算是Kirchhoff积分法叠前时间偏移中最重要的环节,然而传统的走时计算方法无法解决地下构造复杂的情况,因此,文中引入了基于层速度模型的弯曲射线走时计算方法,通过地下构造复杂的盐丘模型以及一块实际资料的处理结果对比,表明了基于弯曲射线走时计算方法的Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移方法和传统的Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移方法相比,不仅具有计算效率高、适应能力强的优点,而且在地下构造复杂的情况下使成像效果得到了较为明显的改善。
With the progress of seismic exploration and the development of computer technology,prestack time migration has been widely used,and obtains good effect in many exploration areas.Traveltime computation is the most important step in Kirchhoff integral method prestack time migration,which is used most extensively in prestack time migration methods to process seismic data.But the conventional traveltime computation method cannot resolve the complexity of the under ground structures.Here the authors introduce the curved-ray traveltime computation method based on the interval velocity model,and compare the Kirchhoff curved-ray prestack time migration with the conventional Kirchhoff prestack time migration by processing the salt-dome model and real seismic data using the two methods.Compare with the conventional Kirchhoff prestack time migration,Kirchhoff curved-ray prestack time migration has the advantages not only the high computational efficiency and strong adaptability,but also the good imaging in complex under ground structures.
With the progress of seismic exploration and the development of computer technology,prestack time migration has been widely used,and obtains good effect in many exploration areas.Traveltime computation is the most important step in Kirchhoff integral method prestack time migration,which is used most extensively in prestack time migration methods to process seismic data.But the conventional traveltime computation method cannot resolve the complexity of the under ground structures.Here the authors introduce the curved-ray traveltime computation method based on the interval velocity model,and compare the Kirchhoff curved-ray prestack time migration with the conventional Kirchhoff prestack time migration by processing the salt-dome model and real seismic data using the two methods.Compare with the conventional Kirchhoff prestack time migration,Kirchhoff curved-ray prestack time migration has the advantages not only the high computational efficiency and strong adaptability,but also the good imaging in complex under ground structures.
引文
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[2]Su Qin,He Zhenhua,Tian Yancan,et al.Research and applicationof pre-stack depth migration method in piedmont complex structureimaging[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(4):571-575.[苏勤,贺振华,田彦灿,等.山前带复杂构造成像中叠前深度偏移方法研究及应用[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(4):571-575.]
[3]Zhang Jianwei,Lu Lieqin,Qiang Fangqing,et al.Contiguous two-di-mensional pre-stack depth migration processing and image modelingtechniques[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(3):203-206.[张建伟,鲁烈琴,强芳青,等.二维叠前深度偏移连片处理及成像建模技术[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(3):203-206.]
[4]Yan Shixin.Mountain Geophysical Exploration Techniques[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2000.[闫世信.山地地球物理勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.]
[5]He Ying,Wang Huazhong,Ma Zaitian,et al.Wave equation pres-tack depth imaging in complex terrain conditions[J].PetroleumGeophysical Exploration,2002,25(3):13-19.[何英,王华忠,马在田,等.复杂地形条件下波动方程叠前深度成像[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,25(3):13-19.]
[6]Liu Xiwu,Liu Hong.Wave equation methods of seismic migrationimaging status and progress[J].Progress in Geophysics,2002,17(4):582-591.[刘喜武,刘洪.波动方程地震偏移成像方法的现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2002,17(4):582-591.]
[7]Sun J.On the aperture effect in 3D Kirchhoff-type migration[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1999,47(6):1045-1076.
[8]Bleistein N.On the imaging of reflectors in the earth[J].Geophys-ics,1987,52:931-942.
[9]Gray S H.Seismic migration problems and solutions[J].Geophys-ics,2001,66(5):1622-1640.
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