四川江油太平镇安置点北川、平武地震灾民1周后心理症状分析
摘要
目的评估汶川地震后第2周转移安置点灾民的心理健康状况。方法利用应激反应问卷(SRQ)、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状清单平民版(PCL-C)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HRSD)及自编调查问卷评估223名随机抽样地震灾民的心理状况。结果①SRQ结果显示,54.3%(121/223)的灾民存在明显的心理问题(SRQ?8),感觉不愉快最常见,依次是感觉不安、紧张或担忧、易受惊吓、易疲劳、易哭、睡眠差、缺乏乐趣、食欲差等。②HRSD评定结果显示,29.02%(65/223)有明确的抑郁症状,重度抑郁4.04%(9/223)。12.9%的被调查者有自杀观念。③PTSD筛查问卷PCL-C结果显示,14.1%(29/223)总分≥5 0分(筛查阳性)。④不同年龄组SRQ、PCL-C、HRSD总分的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中56~65岁灾民SRQ、PCL-C、HRSD均分最高,36~55岁次之。回归分析显示SRQ总分与绝望感、最糟糕天数、烦扰程度存在回归关系(回归模型方差分析F=91.312,P<0.001)。结论灾民在地震发生后1周存在明显心理问题,需要及时有效心理干预。心理干预应注重中老年人、有绝望感、最糟糕天数多和烦扰程度重的人群。
引文
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[3]Blanchard EB,Jones-alexander J,Buckley TC,et al.Psychometricproperties of the PTSD checklist(PCL)[J].Behav Res Ther,1996,34(8):669-673.
[4]Kilic C,Ulusoy M.Psychological effects of the November 1999earthquake in Turkey:an epidemiological study[J].Acta PsychiatrScand,2003,108(3):232-238.
[5]Vehid H E,Alyanak B,Eksi A.Suicide ideation after the 1999earthquake in Marmara,Turkey[J].Tohoku J Exp Med,2006,208(1):19-24.
[6]Kuo HW,Wu SJ,Ma TC,et al.Posttraumatic symptoms were worstamong quake victims with injuries following the Chi-chi quake inTaiwan[J].J Psychosom Res,2007,62(4):495-500.
[7]赵丞智,汪向东,高岚.张北尚义地震后创伤后应激障碍随访研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2000,14(6):361-363.
[8]侯彩兰,李凌江,张燕.矿难后2个月和10个月创伤后应激障碍的发生率及相关因素[J].中南大学学报(医学版),2008,33(4):279-283.
[9]Rhoads J,Mitchell FA,Rick S.Posttraumatic Stress Disorder AfterHurricane Katrina[J].J Nurse Pract,2006,2(1):18-26.
[10]Yilmaz V,Cangur S,Clik HE.Sex difference and earthquake expe-rience effects on earthquake victims[J].Pers Individ Dif,2005,39(2):341-348.
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