兰州盆地活断层的高分辨率浅层地震勘探技术
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摘要
针对城市活断层浅层地震探测的一些技术问题,在兰州盆地的金城关断层和刘家堡断层沿线开展活断层浅层(50 m以内)地震勘探技术研究。主要采用纵波和横波多次覆盖共CMP点地震反射方法,获得了目标场地地震图像资料,尤其横波地震剖面更加清晰地反映出超浅层构造空间特征。以红艺村测线(HYC)和师范学校西测线(SFXX)为例,分析总结了数据采集、资料处理、剖面解释三方面浅层活断层地震探测的技术要点。结果可以为兰州市及类似复杂构造地区活断层地震调查提供技术参考。
Focused on some technique problems in the shallow seismic prospecting for active faults in urban area,research work on the high-resolution shallow seismic prospecting technique is taken across the Jinchengguan fault and the Liujiapu fault in Lanzhou basin.Both P-and SH-wave CMP reflection methods are used to find out the characteristics of active fault in the very shallow strata(≤50 m).Those seismic profiles of the target area reveal the characteristics of tectonic deformation evidently,especially the SH-reflection profiles.In the paper,the key technical points such as data acquisition,data processing and profile interpretation are summarized by using HYC and SFXX survey lines as the examples.The result will be beneficial to further geophysical investigation for active faults in Lanzhou and other area.
Focused on some technique problems in the shallow seismic prospecting for active faults in urban area,research work on the high-resolution shallow seismic prospecting technique is taken across the Jinchengguan fault and the Liujiapu fault in Lanzhou basin.Both P-and SH-wave CMP reflection methods are used to find out the characteristics of active fault in the very shallow strata(≤50 m).Those seismic profiles of the target area reveal the characteristics of tectonic deformation evidently,especially the SH-reflection profiles.In the paper,the key technical points such as data acquisition,data processing and profile interpretation are summarized by using HYC and SFXX survey lines as the examples.The result will be beneficial to further geophysical investigation for active faults in Lanzhou and other area.
引文
[1]国家地震局兰州地震研究所,甘肃省计划委员会.甘肃省地震危险区划研究[M].兰州:兰州大学出版社,1993.
[2]刘保金,孙振国,赵成斌,等.延庆一怀来地区的浅层高分辨率地震反射剖面[J].地震地质,1999,21(4):425-430.
[3]赵成斌,袁洪克,李德庆,等.松散覆盖层内隐伏断层探测研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(2):106-113.
[4]Woolery E W,Street R L,Wang Z,et al..Near-surface deforma-tion in the New Madrid seismic zone as imaged by high-resolutionSH-wave seismic methods[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1993,20(15):1615-1618.
[5]Woolery E W,Wang Z,Street R L,et al..AP-and SH-waveseismic investigation of the Kentucky Bend fault scarp in the NewMadrid seismic zone[J].Seismological Research Letters,1996,67(2):67-74.
[6]Woolery E W,Street R.Quaternary fault reactivation in the Fluor-spar Area Fault Complex of western Kentucky:evidence from shal-low SH-wave reflection profiles[J].Seismological Research Let-ters,2002,73(5):628-639.
[7]Woolery E W.Geophysical and geological evidence of neotectonicdeformation along the Hovey Lake fault,Lower Wabash ValleyFault System,Central United States[J].Bulletin of the Seismo-logical Society of America,2005,95(3):1193-1201.
[8]Harris J B.Shear-wave splitting in Quaternary sediments:Neotec-tonic implications in the central NewMadrid seismic zone[J].Ge-ophysics,1996,61(6):1871-1882.
[9]Williams R A,Stephenson W J,Frankel A D,et al..Correlationof 1-to 10-Hz earthquake resonances with surface measure-ments of S-wave reflections and refractions in the upper 50 m[J].Seismological Society of America Bulletin,2000,90(5):1323-1331.
[10]Street R,Woolery E,Chiu J M.Shear-wave velocities of thepost-Paleozoic sediments across the upper Mississippi embayment[J].Seismological Research Letters,2004,75:390-405.
[11]Bexfield C E,McBride J H,Pugin A J M,et al..Integration ofP-and SH-wave high-resolution seismic reflection and micro-gravity techniques to improve interpretation of shallow subsurfacestructure:New Madrid seismic zone[J].Tectonophysics,2006,420:5-21.
[12]Wang Z,Madin I P,Woolery E W.Shallow SH-Wave SeismicInvestigation of the Mt.Angel Fault[J].Tectonophysics,2003,368:105-117.
[13]袁道阳,刘小凤,郑文俊,等.兰州地区活动构造格架与变形特征[J].地质学报,2004,78(5):626-632.
[14]Knapp R W,Steeples D W.High-resolution common-depth-pointseismic reflection profiling:Field acquisition parameter design[J].Geophysics,1986,51(2):276-282.
[15]刘兴旺,袁道阳,葛伟鹏.兰州黄河阶地高精度GPS测量与构造变形研究[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(4):341-346.
[16]王爱国,马巍,张向红,等.隐伏断层电性特征及浅层电法探测[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(3):242-247.
①中国地震局地球物探中心.兰州市活断层探测与地震危险性评价-控制性浅层地震探测报告.2006.
②煤炭科学研究总院西安分院.兰州市活断层探测与地震危险性评价-控制性浅层地震探测报告.2006.
③甘肃省地震局.兰州市活断层探测与地震危险性评价-兰州市活断层浅层人工地震试验勘探报告.2006.
[2]刘保金,孙振国,赵成斌,等.延庆一怀来地区的浅层高分辨率地震反射剖面[J].地震地质,1999,21(4):425-430.
[3]赵成斌,袁洪克,李德庆,等.松散覆盖层内隐伏断层探测研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(2):106-113.
[4]Woolery E W,Street R L,Wang Z,et al..Near-surface deforma-tion in the New Madrid seismic zone as imaged by high-resolutionSH-wave seismic methods[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1993,20(15):1615-1618.
[5]Woolery E W,Wang Z,Street R L,et al..AP-and SH-waveseismic investigation of the Kentucky Bend fault scarp in the NewMadrid seismic zone[J].Seismological Research Letters,1996,67(2):67-74.
[6]Woolery E W,Street R.Quaternary fault reactivation in the Fluor-spar Area Fault Complex of western Kentucky:evidence from shal-low SH-wave reflection profiles[J].Seismological Research Let-ters,2002,73(5):628-639.
[7]Woolery E W.Geophysical and geological evidence of neotectonicdeformation along the Hovey Lake fault,Lower Wabash ValleyFault System,Central United States[J].Bulletin of the Seismo-logical Society of America,2005,95(3):1193-1201.
[8]Harris J B.Shear-wave splitting in Quaternary sediments:Neotec-tonic implications in the central NewMadrid seismic zone[J].Ge-ophysics,1996,61(6):1871-1882.
[9]Williams R A,Stephenson W J,Frankel A D,et al..Correlationof 1-to 10-Hz earthquake resonances with surface measure-ments of S-wave reflections and refractions in the upper 50 m[J].Seismological Society of America Bulletin,2000,90(5):1323-1331.
[10]Street R,Woolery E,Chiu J M.Shear-wave velocities of thepost-Paleozoic sediments across the upper Mississippi embayment[J].Seismological Research Letters,2004,75:390-405.
[11]Bexfield C E,McBride J H,Pugin A J M,et al..Integration ofP-and SH-wave high-resolution seismic reflection and micro-gravity techniques to improve interpretation of shallow subsurfacestructure:New Madrid seismic zone[J].Tectonophysics,2006,420:5-21.
[12]Wang Z,Madin I P,Woolery E W.Shallow SH-Wave SeismicInvestigation of the Mt.Angel Fault[J].Tectonophysics,2003,368:105-117.
[13]袁道阳,刘小凤,郑文俊,等.兰州地区活动构造格架与变形特征[J].地质学报,2004,78(5):626-632.
[14]Knapp R W,Steeples D W.High-resolution common-depth-pointseismic reflection profiling:Field acquisition parameter design[J].Geophysics,1986,51(2):276-282.
[15]刘兴旺,袁道阳,葛伟鹏.兰州黄河阶地高精度GPS测量与构造变形研究[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(4):341-346.
[16]王爱国,马巍,张向红,等.隐伏断层电性特征及浅层电法探测[J].西北地震学报,2006,28(3):242-247.
①中国地震局地球物探中心.兰州市活断层探测与地震危险性评价-控制性浅层地震探测报告.2006.
②煤炭科学研究总院西安分院.兰州市活断层探测与地震危险性评价-控制性浅层地震探测报告.2006.
③甘肃省地震局.兰州市活断层探测与地震危险性评价-兰州市活断层浅层人工地震试验勘探报告.2006.
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