华北地区断层形变异常强度与地震的关系
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摘要
对华北地区跨断层短水准观测资料进行整理,计算出断层活动速率,根据这一指标求解断层形变异常强度。基于其时空变化特征与本区中、强地震孕育发生的对比研究,发现在大同地震、张北地震和文安地震地震之前,都出现了强烈的异常。断层形变的强烈异常,一般出现在中、强地震之前1年左右时间,可以视为中尺度时间的地震前兆。中、强地震多数发生在异常强度加强的年代,或者其后。
The observed data from across-fault short-leveling surveys in the North China are processed and the activity velocities of faults are calculated.On this basis,the anomaly intensity of fault deformation is derived.Then by comparative study on the temporal-spatial variation of anomaly intensity and the development and occurrences of moderate and strong earthquakes in this area,it is found that intensive anomalies did appear before Datong,Zhangbei and Wen'an earthquakes.Generally,intensive anomaly of fault deformation appears in a period of about one year before moderate and strong earthquakes,which can be considered as a medium-term seismic precursor.Most of the moderate and strong earthquakes occur in or after the year with enhancing anomaly intensity.
The observed data from across-fault short-leveling surveys in the North China are processed and the activity velocities of faults are calculated.On this basis,the anomaly intensity of fault deformation is derived.Then by comparative study on the temporal-spatial variation of anomaly intensity and the development and occurrences of moderate and strong earthquakes in this area,it is found that intensive anomalies did appear before Datong,Zhangbei and Wen'an earthquakes.Generally,intensive anomaly of fault deformation appears in a period of about one year before moderate and strong earthquakes,which can be considered as a medium-term seismic precursor.Most of the moderate and strong earthquakes occur in or after the year with enhancing anomaly intensity.
引文
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[2]丁国瑜.中国岩石圈动力学概论[M].北京:地震出版社,1991:106-116.
[3]国家地震局地质研究所,云南地震局.滇西北地区活动断裂[M].北京:地震出版社,1990.
[4]薄万举,杨国华,郭良迁,等.地壳形变与地震预测研究[M].北京:地震出版社,2001.
[5]郭良迁,黄立人,马青,等.地壳垂直形变场与强震关系研究[J].灾害学,2007,22(1):6-12.
[6]国家地震局《一九七六年唐山地震》编辑组.一九七六年唐山地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1982.
[7]程万正,杨永林.川滇地块边界构造带形变速率变化与成组地震[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(4):21-25.
[8]薄万举,吴翼麟.信息流合成法及其应用研究[J].地壳形变与地震,1995,15(3):84-88.
[9]周硕愚.断层形变测量与地震预报[J].地壳形变与地震,1994,14(4):90-97.
[10]施顺英,张燕,吴云,等.基于跨断层形变异常预测云南地震的试验[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(5):82-87.
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