叠前深度偏移及应用研究
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摘要
在复杂构造区,叠前时间偏移往往得不到精确的地下构造形态,叠前深度偏移是一种解决复杂构造成像的有效手段。叠前深度偏移的关键是求取叠前深度偏移速度,由于叠前深度偏移速度和剖面深度之间存在着紧密耦合关系,不存在直接解,只能用逐步逼近法求解叠前深度偏移速度,整个求解过程包含3次偏移速度扫描和8种速度求取,这是一个逐步收敛的过程,速度的正确性由稳定性和有效性两个标准来衡量。用自行开发的BGSS地震资料处理系统对任丘潜山带的部分三维地震资料进行叠前深度偏移处理,得到高精度的成像结果,与钻井资料比较,最大深度相对误差为1.29%。
In complex geological structure area,high precise underground structures can't be gained only by prestack time migration.Prestack depth migration is an effective way in gaining accurate image of complex structure.To gain accurate prestack depth migration velocity is a key technology of prestack depth migration.Because there is close relation between velocity and depth,the velocity can't be calculated directly,and it is only calculated gradually.The process of calculating the velocity includes three times migration velocity scanning and eight types of velocity calculating,which is a gradually convergent process.Whether the velocity is correct is judged with stability and validity.Some existing seismic data of Renqiu buried hills are processed for prestack depth migration with self-developed BGSS System.Prestack depth migration image can display a clear internal structure of the buried hills.Compared with actual drilling information,the maximal relative depth error of prestack depth migration sections is 1.29%.
In complex geological structure area,high precise underground structures can't be gained only by prestack time migration.Prestack depth migration is an effective way in gaining accurate image of complex structure.To gain accurate prestack depth migration velocity is a key technology of prestack depth migration.Because there is close relation between velocity and depth,the velocity can't be calculated directly,and it is only calculated gradually.The process of calculating the velocity includes three times migration velocity scanning and eight types of velocity calculating,which is a gradually convergent process.Whether the velocity is correct is judged with stability and validity.Some existing seismic data of Renqiu buried hills are processed for prestack depth migration with self-developed BGSS System.Prestack depth migration image can display a clear internal structure of the buried hills.Compared with actual drilling information,the maximal relative depth error of prestack depth migration sections is 1.29%.
引文
[1]庄道川,曾庆才,张亚斌.超大偏移距地震资料处理方法[J].西南石油学院学报,2003,25(2):20-23.
[2]Jin S W,Wu R S.Common offset pseudo-screen depth mi-gration[C].Expanded Abstracts of69th SEG Mtg,1999.
[3]Jin Shengwen,Mosher C C.3D prestack wave equation common offset pseudo-screen depth migration[C].Ex-panded Abstracts of70th Annual International SEG Meet-ing,2000.
[4]刘礼农,刘洪,李幼铭.SEGPEAGE盐丘和推覆体模型的波动方程三维叠前深度偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):312-320.
[5]陈生昌,马在田.波动方程的高阶广义屏叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1445-1451.
[6]Le Rousseau J H,De Hoop M V.Modeling and imaging with the scalar eneralized-screen algorithms in isotropic media[J].Geophysics,2001,66(5):1551-1568.
[7]任文福,张建伟,刘江平.变速介质条件下三维叠前深度偏移成像及应用效果[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):41-43.
[8]高书琴,冯许魁,郭向宇,等.波动方程叠前深度偏移处理技术开发与应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊A):199-201.
[9]陈生昌,马在田,陈林.三维VSP数据的波动方程偏移成像[J].天然气工业,2008,28(3):51-53.
[10]黄中敏,孟凡冰,王莉,等.叠前时间偏移技术在东濮凹陷应用的认识[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(1):38-42.
[2]Jin S W,Wu R S.Common offset pseudo-screen depth mi-gration[C].Expanded Abstracts of69th SEG Mtg,1999.
[3]Jin Shengwen,Mosher C C.3D prestack wave equation common offset pseudo-screen depth migration[C].Ex-panded Abstracts of70th Annual International SEG Meet-ing,2000.
[4]刘礼农,刘洪,李幼铭.SEGPEAGE盐丘和推覆体模型的波动方程三维叠前深度偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):312-320.
[5]陈生昌,马在田.波动方程的高阶广义屏叠前深度偏移[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1445-1451.
[6]Le Rousseau J H,De Hoop M V.Modeling and imaging with the scalar eneralized-screen algorithms in isotropic media[J].Geophysics,2001,66(5):1551-1568.
[7]任文福,张建伟,刘江平.变速介质条件下三维叠前深度偏移成像及应用效果[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):41-43.
[8]高书琴,冯许魁,郭向宇,等.波动方程叠前深度偏移处理技术开发与应用[J].天然气工业,2007,27(增刊A):199-201.
[9]陈生昌,马在田,陈林.三维VSP数据的波动方程偏移成像[J].天然气工业,2008,28(3):51-53.
[10]黄中敏,孟凡冰,王莉,等.叠前时间偏移技术在东濮凹陷应用的认识[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(1):38-42.
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