住院地震伤残人员创伤后应激障碍及相关因素分析
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摘要
目的了解地震后100天住院地震伤残人员创伤后应激障碍(posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD)的患病情况及相关因素。方法采用创伤后应激障碍检查量表平民版(PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version,PCL-C)调查5.12汶川大地震发生后100天仍在我院住院治疗的70例地震伤残人员,并对相关因素进行分析。结果地震后100天住院地震伤残人员PTSD的患病率为26%;PTSD的发生与患者年龄、目前伤残程度、前期是否进行心理危机干预、家庭成员伤亡情况密切相关(P<0.01),与性别、文化程度等无关(P>0.05)。结论目前仍住院治疗的地震伤、残人员有较高的PTSD发生率,躯体残疾程度、亲人遇难和是否得到及时的心理干预是导致PTSD主要因素。在进行物理康复治疗的同时,应加强心理康复治疗。
Objective To investigate the morbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) of wounded or disabled inpatients and its influential factors 100 days after earthquake.Methods 70 patients,sampled from inpatients who were wounded or disabled during the Wenchuan earthquake,were assessed for PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C).Results The morbidity of PTSD in inpatients who were wounded or disabled during the earthquake was 26%.PTSD of wounded or disabled patients after earthquake was correlated with the age,serious degree of body's handicap,early psychological crisis intervention and the injuries or death of their family members(P < 0.01).There was no correlation between PTSD and gender or education degrees(P > 0.05).Conclusion Hospitalized wounded or disabled patients have a high PTSD morbidity after earthquake.The serious degree of body's handicap,without early psychological crisis intervention and the injuries or death of their family members are factors inducing PTSD.Psychological rehabilitation should be emphasized during the physical rehabilitative treatment.
Objective To investigate the morbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) of wounded or disabled inpatients and its influential factors 100 days after earthquake.Methods 70 patients,sampled from inpatients who were wounded or disabled during the Wenchuan earthquake,were assessed for PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C).Results The morbidity of PTSD in inpatients who were wounded or disabled during the earthquake was 26%.PTSD of wounded or disabled patients after earthquake was correlated with the age,serious degree of body's handicap,early psychological crisis intervention and the injuries or death of their family members(P < 0.01).There was no correlation between PTSD and gender or education degrees(P > 0.05).Conclusion Hospitalized wounded or disabled patients have a high PTSD morbidity after earthquake.The serious degree of body's handicap,without early psychological crisis intervention and the injuries or death of their family members are factors inducing PTSD.Psychological rehabilitation should be emphasized during the physical rehabilitative treatment.
引文
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[7]John PB,Russell S,Russell PS.The prevalence of postt-raumatic stressdisorder among children and adolescents affected by tsunami disaster inTamil Nadu[J].Disaster Manag Response,2007,5(1):327.
[8]Breslau N,Davis GC,Andreski P,et al.Traumatic events and posttraumat-ic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults[J].Arch GenPsychiatry,1991,48(3):216-222.
[9]Giannopoulou I,St routhos M,Smith P,et al.Post2t rau2 matic st ress re-actions of children and adolescent s exposed to the Athens 1999 earth-quake[J].Eur Psychiatry,2006,21(3):1602166.
[10]Hobfoll SE,Canetti2Nisim D,Johnson RJ,et al.The association of expo-sure,risk,and resiliency factors with PTSDamong Jews and Arabs ex-posed to repeated acts of terrorism in Israel[J].J Trauma Stress,2008,21(1):9-21.
[11]Richardson J D,Naifeh JA,Elhai JD.Posttraumatic stress disorder andassociated risk factors in Canadian peace keeping veterans with health-re-lated disabilities[J].Can J Psychiatry,2007,52(8):510-518.
[12]徐勇,张克让,刘中国,等.SARS患者、疫区公众PTSD的对照研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2005,13(2):210-212.
[2]Weathers FW,Litz BT,Herman DS,et al.The PTSD checklist:reliabili-ty,validity,and diagnostic utility[C].San Antonio:Annual meeting ofthe International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies,1993.
[3]Lang AJ,Laffaye C,Satz LE,et al.Sensitivity and specificity of the PTSDchecklist in detecting PTSD in female veterans in primary care[J].Jour-nal of traumatic stress,2003,16(3):257-264.
[4]杨晓云,杨宏爱,刘启贵,等.创伤后应激检查量表平民版的效度、信度及影响因素的研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,15(1):6-8.
[5]汪向东,赵丞智,新福尚隆,等.地震后创伤性应激障碍的发生率及影响因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13(2):28-30.
[6]张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震所致孤儿心理创伤后应激障碍的调查[J].中华精神科杂志,2000,33(2):111-114.
[7]John PB,Russell S,Russell PS.The prevalence of postt-raumatic stressdisorder among children and adolescents affected by tsunami disaster inTamil Nadu[J].Disaster Manag Response,2007,5(1):327.
[8]Breslau N,Davis GC,Andreski P,et al.Traumatic events and posttraumat-ic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults[J].Arch GenPsychiatry,1991,48(3):216-222.
[9]Giannopoulou I,St routhos M,Smith P,et al.Post2t rau2 matic st ress re-actions of children and adolescent s exposed to the Athens 1999 earth-quake[J].Eur Psychiatry,2006,21(3):1602166.
[10]Hobfoll SE,Canetti2Nisim D,Johnson RJ,et al.The association of expo-sure,risk,and resiliency factors with PTSDamong Jews and Arabs ex-posed to repeated acts of terrorism in Israel[J].J Trauma Stress,2008,21(1):9-21.
[11]Richardson J D,Naifeh JA,Elhai JD.Posttraumatic stress disorder andassociated risk factors in Canadian peace keeping veterans with health-re-lated disabilities[J].Can J Psychiatry,2007,52(8):510-518.
[12]徐勇,张克让,刘中国,等.SARS患者、疫区公众PTSD的对照研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2005,13(2):210-212.
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